RESUMEN
Since the last century, the air surface temperature has increased at a global scale, showing trends and inhomogeneities that vary from place to place. Many statistical methods can be used to analyze whether or not an inhomogeneity or break point exists in a meteorological data series, and even to detect the time of the break. Sometimes, there is no agreement in the year at which the inhomogeneity occurs detected by different tests. The scale invariance of a process can be studied through its multifractal properties that can be related to the existence of break points in it. In this work, the multifractal properties of monthly temperature data series are used to test what is the right break point year in those situations at which different dates are found by two different tests: the Pettitt and the Standard Normal Homogeneity tests. The comparison of the fractal dimension function Dq and the multifractal spectrum obtained by the box counting method for both the original data sets and for those obtained by splitting the original into two considering the break point years was made. When different multifractal functions and parameters were obtained, a break point was confirmed. Whereas, if equal values appeared, the break point year was discarded. These results let to select the most suitable test to be applied to detect inhomogeneities in a certain data set that will be very useful for climate change studies.
RESUMEN
A case of right adrenal pheochromocytoma in an 8-yr-old boy and its successful surgical management are described. Clinical and statistical data are given for this form and its symptomatology and aetiopathogenesis are illustrated. Particular stress is laid on the occasionally misunderstood importance of the part played by continuous hypertension. Early diagnosis and surgery are essential to avoid the onset of serious cardiocirclatory complications.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/genética , Feocromocitoma/genética , Adrenalectomía , Arritmias Cardíacas/etiología , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Niño , Humanos , Hipertensión/etiología , Masculino , Feocromocitoma/complicaciones , Feocromocitoma/diagnósticoRESUMEN
The literature and personal experience are referred to in an assessment of psycho-affective situations in hospitalised children awaiting non-emergency surgery (appendicectomy, adenotonsillectomy, inguinal hernia, phymosis, hypospadias, cryptorchidism). Psychological and somatic damage resulting from an absence of preparation before hospitalisation and during admission immediately prior to surgery is described. A method whereby this may be avoided as far as possible with the aid of relatives is described.