RESUMEN
Our study demonstrated the energy gains when using biomass from three macrophyte, used commonly in constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment, the water hyacinth, cattail, and dwarf papyrus, as a substrate for biogas generation. The biochemical methane potential for the three biomass was evaluated in batch and at bench at 37⯰C. A kinetic analysis of anaerobic digestion was also conducted for these substrates, evaluating the biogas composition and energy potential. Anaerobic digestion resulted in 94.27, and 25 mLCH4/gVSsubstrate of dry mass; and 19,569.65, 5617.88, and 6068.45â¯kJ/t of cattail, water hyacinth, and dwarf papyrus, respectively. Biomass from water hyacinth did sustain the fastest degradation, indicating that models considering the lag phase are more adequate to evaluate the anaerobic digestion of this type of substrate. Higher digestion speed resulted in the generation of 2901.88â¯kJ/t more energy with biomass from water hyacinth versus cattail, highlighting its value for use in constructed wetlands.
RESUMEN
In May 2023, the Italian region Emilia-Romagna was hit by intense rainfall, which caused extensive floods in densely populated areas. On May 4, 2023, a 12-month state of emergency was declared in the region with the activation of response and recovery plans. This field report provides an overview of the health response to the floods, paying particular attention to the measures put in place to ensure care for displaced populations and raising interesting points of discussion regarding the role of the health system during extreme weather events (EWEs). The considerations that emerge from this report underline the need for a primary care approach to disasters, especially when these occur in areas with a high prevalence of elderly resident population, and underscore the importance of integration of different levels of care.