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1.
Virus Res ; 169(1): 8-12, 2012 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22766449

RESUMEN

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a public health problem throughout the world and 3% of the world population is infected with this virus. It is estimated that 3-4 millions individuals are being infected every year. It has been estimated that around 1.5% of Brazilian population is anti-HCV positive and the Northeast region showed the highest prevalence in Brazil. The aim of this study was to characterize HCV genotypes circulating in Pernambuco State (PE), Brazil, located in the Northeast region of the country. This study included 85 anti-HCV positive patients followed up between 2004 and 2011. For genotyping, a 380bp fragment of HCV RNA in the NS5B region was amplified by nested PCR. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation (MCMC) using BEAST v.1.5.3. From 85 samples, 63 (74.1%) positive to NS5B fragment were successfully sequenced. Subtype 1b was the most prevalent in this population (42-66.7%), followed by 3a (16-25.4%), 1a (4-6.3%) and 2b (1-1.6%). Twelve (63.1%) and seven (36.9%) patients with HCV and schistosomiasis were infected with subtypes 1b and 3a, respectively. Brazil is a large country with many different population backgrounds; a large variation in the frequencies of HCV genotypes is predictable throughout its territory. This study reports HCV genotypes from Pernambuco State where subtype 1b was found to be the most prevalent. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the presence of the different HCV strains circulating within this population.


Asunto(s)
Hepacivirus/clasificación , Hepacivirus/genética , Hepatitis C Crónica/epidemiología , Hepatitis C Crónica/virología , ARN Viral/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Análisis por Conglomerados , Femenino , Genotipo , Hepacivirus/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Epidemiología Molecular , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Proteínas no Estructurales Virales/genética
2.
Arq Gastroenterol ; 46(3): 194-8, 2009.
Artículo en Portugués | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19918685

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: A correlation between the levels of serum globulins and the hepatic fibrosis degree in chronic hepatitis was described, but reports in schistosomiasis mansoni have not been found. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the serum globulins and IgG levels, and periportal fibrosis intensity measured by ultrasound in patients with schistosomiasis mansoni. METHODS: Between November, 2006 and February 2007, 41 patients which were eligible, filled them a questionnaire and had their levels of serum IgG measured by immunoturbidimetry and globulins indirectly measured by the Biuret method. The ultrasound was carried out by a single researcher, according to the Cairo and Niamey protocols. RESULTS: The average age was 41 years old and 25 female patients (61%). Ten patients (24%) from 41 showed serum globulins levels raised and 21 (51%) presented elevated IgG levels. According to the Cairo classification, 21 patients showed grade I of fibrosis, 18 grade II and 2 grade III; and by the Niamey classification 8 showed standard C, 20 D, and 13 E. Those with grade II or III of fibrosis had higher IgG levels than the ones with grade I (P = 0.047), as well as those who showed standards D and E as compared to C (P = 0.011). There was no association between the globulins levels and the intensity of fibrosis. CONCLUSION: In patients with schistosomiasis mansoni, an increase of the IgG serum levels was observed according to the progression from periportal fibrosis intensity, but the same was not founded with globulins levels.


Asunto(s)
Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Cirrosis Hepática/sangre , Parasitosis Hepáticas/sangre , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/sangre , Seroglobulinas/análisis , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Cirrosis Hepática/diagnóstico por imagen , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Parasitosis Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Parasitosis Hepáticas/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nefelometría y Turbidimetría , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/diagnóstico por imagen , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/patología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Ultrasonografía , Adulto Joven
3.
J Clin Gastroenterol ; 36(2): 134-8, 2003 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12544196

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) still constitutes a relevant subject of investigation. GOAL: The goal of this study was to determine the seroprevalence rate of Hp antibodies in medical students and residents, and its relationship with medical practice, age, gender and parents' formal education level. STUDY: The study was carried out from March 1999 to March 2000, on a population of 1,119 medical students and residents, from which a randomized and stratified sample was drawn. Each stratum comprised students attending the basic training level, students attending the professional training level, and residents. Independent samples were calculated for each group, making a total of 405 subjects. Each participant was interviewed using a questionnaire. After the interview, serum samples were collected and stored at -20 degrees C for detecting IgG antibodies against Hp by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: A 31.4% seroprevalence rate of Hp antibodies was observed, which significantly increased during the graduation course according to the medical practices, ranging from 23.4% in students up to 38.6% in residents. Seroprevalence rate increased according to the age (p = 0.002), where older individuals had spent more time in practical activities. Seroprevalence was higher in males and was smaller among those whose parents had a university degree. CONCLUSION: The seroprevalence rate of Hp antibodies amongst medical students and residents increases from the basic up to residence level, suggesting that contact with patients during clinical practice may constitute a risk factor for acquiring Hp infection.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/inmunología , Helicobacter pylori/inmunología , Internado y Residencia , Estudiantes de Medicina , Adulto , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Escolaridad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Factores Sexuales
4.
Arq. gastroenterol ; Arq. gastroenterol;46(3): 194-198, jul.-set. 2009. graf, tab
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS | ID: lil-530057

RESUMEN

CONTEXTO: Tem sido descrita correlação entre os níveis séricos de globulinas e o grau de fibrose hepática nas hepatites crônicas, mas não se encontram relatos na esquistossomose mansônica. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os níveis séricos de globulinas e de IgG, e a intensidade da fibrose periportal mensurada pela ultrassonografia em pacientes com esquistossomose mansônica. MÉTODOS: Entre novembro de 2006 e fevereiro de 2007, foram estudados 41 pacientes que preencheram ficha clínica e realizaram dosagens de IgG por imunoturbidimetria e de globulinas indiretamente pelo método do biureto. A ultrassonografia foi realizada por um único pesquisador, seguindo os protocolos do Cairo e de Niamey. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi 41 anos, sendo 25 pacientes (61 por cento) do sexo feminino. Dez dos 41 pacientes (24 por cento) apresentaram elevação dos níveis séricos de globulinas e 21 (51 por cento) dos de IgG. Conforme a classificação do Cairo, 21 pacientes apresentaram grau I de fibrose, 18 grau II e 2 grau III, e pela classificação de Niamey 8 apresentavam padrão C, 20 D e 13 E. Aqueles com graus II ou III de fibrose tiveram maiores níveis de IgG do que os de grau I (P = 0,047), assim como aqueles que apresentaram padrões D e E em relação ao C (P = 0,011). Não houve associação entre os níveis de globulinas e o grau ou padrão de fibrose. CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes com esquistossomose mansônica, observou-se elevação dos níveis séricos de IgG de acordo com a progressão do grau e do padrão de fibrose periportal, mas o mesmo não se observou com os níveis de globulinas.


BACKGROUND: A correlation between the levels of serum globulins and the hepatic fibrosis degree in chronic hepatitis was described, but reports in schistosomiasis mansoni have not been found. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the serum globulins and IgG levels, and periportal fibrosis intensity measured by ultrasound in patients with schistosomiasis mansoni. METHODS: Between November, 2006 and February 2007, 41 patients which were eligible, filled them a questionnaire and had their levels of serum IgG measured by immunoturbidimetry and globulins indirectly measured by the Biuret method. The ultrasound was carried out by a single researcher, according to the Cairo and Niamey protocols. RESULTS: The average age was 41 years old and 25 female patients (61 percent). Ten patients (24 percent) from 41 showed serum globulins levels raised and 21 (51 percent) presented elevated IgG levels. According to the Cairo classification, 21 patients showed grade I of fibrosis, 18 grade II and 2 grade III; and by the Niamey classification 8 showed standard C, 20 D, and 13 E. Those with grade II or III of fibrosis had higher IgG levels than the ones with grade I (P = 0,047), as well as those who showed standards D and E as compared to C (P = 0,011). There was no association between the globulins levels and the intensity of fibrosis. CONCLUSION: In patients with schistosomiasis mansoni, an increase of the IgG serum levels was observed according to the progression from periportal fibrosis intensity, but the same was not founded with globulins levels.


Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Cirrosis Hepática/sangre , Parasitosis Hepáticas/sangre , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/sangre , Seroglobulinas/análisis , Biomarcadores/sangre , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Cirrosis Hepática , Parasitosis Hepáticas/patología , Parasitosis Hepáticas , Nefelometría y Turbidimetría , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/patología , Esquistosomiasis mansoni , Adulto Joven
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