RESUMEN
We report on x-ray magnetic circular dichroism experiments in pulsed fields up to 30 T to follow the rotations of individual magnetic moments through the field-induced phase transition in the ferrimagnet HoFe_{5}Al_{7}. Near the ground state, we observe simultaneous stepwise rotations of the Ho and Fe moments and explain them using a two-sublattice model for an anisotropic ferrimagnet with weak intersublattice exchange interactions. Near the compensation point, we find two phase transitions. The additional magnetization jump reflects the fact that the Ho moment is no longer rigid as the applied field acts against the intersublattice exchange field.
RESUMEN
This paper presents methods and approaches that can be used for production of Sm-Co-Fe-Cu-Zr permanent magnets with working temperatures of up to 550 °C. It is shown that the content of Sm, Cu, and Fe significantly affects the coercivity (Hc) value at high operating temperatures. A decrease in the content of Fe, which replaces Co, and an increase in the content of Sm in Sm-Co-Fe-Cu-Zr alloys lead to a decrease in Hc value at room temperature, but significantly increase Hc at temperatures of about 500 °C. Increasing the Cu concentration enhances the Hc values at all operating temperatures. From analysis of the dependence of temperature coefficients of the coercivity on the concentrations of various constituent elements in this alloy, the optimum chemical composition that qualifies for high-temperature permanent magnet (HTPM) application were determined. 3D atom probe tomography analysis shows that the nanostructure of the HTPM is characterized by the formation of Sm2(Co,Fe)17 (2:17) cells relatively smaller in size along with the slightly thickened Sm(Co,Cu)5 (1:5) boundary phase compared to those of the high-energy permanent magnet compositions. An inhomogeneous distribution of Cu was also noticed in the 1:5 phase. At the boundary between 1:5 and 2:17 phases, an interface with lowered anisotropy constants has developed, which could be the reason for the observed high coercivity values.
RESUMEN
In order to study the mobility of hydrogen in nanostructured Laves-phase hydrides, we have measured the proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and the proton spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation rates in two nanostructured systems prepared by ball milling: ZrCr(2)H(3) and TaV(2)H(1+δ). The proton NMR measurements have been performed at the resonance frequencies of 14, 23.8 and 90 MHz over the temperature ranges 11-424 K (for coarse-grained samples) and 11-384 K (for nanostructured samples). Hydrogen mobility in the ball-milled ZrCr(2)H(3) is found to decrease strongly with increasing milling time. The experimental data suggest that this effect is related to the growth of the fraction of highly distorted intergrain regions where H mobility is much lower than in the crystalline grains. For the nanostructured TaV(2)H(1+δ) system, the ball milling is found to lead to a slight decrease in the long-range H mobility and to a suppression of the fast localized H motion in the crystalline grains.
RESUMEN
The vibrational spectrum of hydrogen and the parameters of H jump motion in the rhombohedral Th(2)Zn(17)-type compound Ce(2)Fe(17)H(5) have been studied by means of inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering. It is found that hydrogen atoms occupying interstitial Ce(2)Fe(2) sites participate in the fast localized jump motion over the hexagons formed by these tetrahedral sites. The H jump rate τ(-1) of this localized motion is found to change from 3.9 × 10(9) s(-1) at T = 140 K to 4.9 × 10(11) s(-1) at T = 350 K, and the temperature dependence of τ(-1) in the range 140-350 K is well described by the Arrhenius law with the activation energy of 103±3 meV. Our results suggest that the hydrogen jump rate in Th(2)Zn(17)-type compounds strongly increases with decreasing nearest-neighbor distance between the tetrahedral sites within the hexagons. Since each such hexagon in Ce(2)Fe(17)H(5) is populated by two hydrogen atoms, the jump motions of H atoms on the same hexagon should be correlated.
RESUMEN
The magnetization curves of Ca(1-x)(Ln)(x)MnO(3) single crystals, where Ln denotes La or Ce, x ≤ 0.12, have been measured in pulsed magnetic fields up to 350 kOe. The metamagnetic transitions for compositions with x = 0.10 and 0.12 have been observed in the temperature range 77-240 K. The hysteresis around the transition for the sweep-up and sweep-down branches of the magnetization curve is wide for x(Ce) = 0.10 and 0.12, and relatively narrow for x(La) = 0.12. The maximum magnetization value reaches ~50% from its theoretical value for x(Ce) = 0.10 and 0.12, and ~24% for x(La) = 0.12 in a magnetic field H = 350 kOe. The metamagnetic transition has been attributed to the melting of orbital/charge ordering in the dielectric antiferromagnetic C-type phase, which is accompanied by the growth of the volume of the conductive phase with antiferromagnetic G-type ordering and ferromagnetic contribution.