Post exertional hematuria.

The incidence of exercise-induced hematuria is reported to be between 5% and 25% and available literature suggests that it lasts for a few hours to a maximum of 3 days. We analyzed the urine sediment of healthy participants between the age of 20 and 50 years before and after a 5 km run. Anyone with abnormal pre-exercise sediment was excluded from the study. Of 491 participants, 59 (12%) developed post exercise hematuria when the run had to be completed in allotted time. However, when the run was completed without time limit, only 1.3% (4 of 316) developed hematuria (p < 0.001). We found that the younger participants (age < 30 years) had a significantly higher incidence of hematuria as compared to their older compatriots (p = 0.019). The mean duration of hematuria was 1.98 ± 1.89 days and 81% of the participants cleared their hematuria within 3 days. In 12% it lasted between 3 and 7 days and in 7% it continued beyond 7 days. Three individuals had persistence of hematuria beyond day 14 and all these were found to have primary glomerular disease on renal biopsy [two had IgA nephropathy and one focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)]. We conclude that exercise-induced hematuria can last up to a fortnight. However, if it persists beyond a fortnight, it is unlikely to be functional and an underlying cause is likely. Hematuria following exercise seems to be related to the intensity of effort during exercise rather than its duration.

Spectrum of renal involvement in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: report of three cases and a brief review of the literature.

Renal involvement in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is usually clinically not apparent but, in cases with clinical involvement, varies from reversible acute dysfunction to chronic irreversible damage. We report two cases of acute kidney injury and one case of chronic kidney disease due to PNH. In all three cases a diagnosis of PNH was made after detection of renal dysfunction. The renal involvement was documented on both histology and on imaging studies. Finally, we briefly review the main literature data on renal involvement in PNH.

Antifertility activity of three indigenous plant preparations.

PIP: The antifertility effects of preparations of Lajjal (a blend of Piper longum, Arsenii Trisulphidium, Jawari Mastaki, and borax), Avrodhak (Lawsonia inermis), and Kalyani (Abrus precatorius) were studied in pregnant rate. Avrodhak, in a daily dose of either 3, 30, or 300 mg, showed a 40-60% inhibition of pregnancy. The other preparations were without effect. The infertility produced by the powdered leaves of Lawsonia inermis appeared to be permanent.^ieng