Food parenting topics in social media posts: Development of a coding system, examination of frequency of food parenting concepts, and comparison across Reddit and Facebook.

This study presents development of a coding system to examine food parenting topics presented in posts on social media, and compared topics between two social media platforms (Facebook, Reddit). Publicly available social media posts were gathered from Facebook (2 groups) and Reddit (3 subreddits) and a coding system was developed based on the concept map of food parenting proposed by Vaughn et al. (2016). Based on the developed coding system, we coded posts into overarching food parenting practice constructs (coercive control: attempts to dominate, pressure or impose parents' will on child, structure: organization of child's environment to facilitate competence, autonomy support: supporting child's ability to self-regulate through allowing food choices, conversations about food, and a positive emotional climate) and recipes. We also coded posts dichotomously as including a question or advice-seeking. Differences in frequencies of food parenting constructs presented in posts on Facebook and Reddit were considered using chi-square tests of independence. Of the 2459 posts coded, 900 were related to food parenting (37%). In the subsample of 900, posts related to structure (43%) and recipes (40%) were the most frequent. Close to half of the posts (44%) included questions about food parenting. Frequency of food parenting topics in posts was related to social media platform, with coercive control and structure more frequently discussed on Reddit and recipes more commonly posted on Facebook. Results suggest that food parenting topics discuss on social media differ by platform, which can aid researchers and practitioners in targeting social media-based outreach to the topics of most interest for users. Findings give insight into the everyday food parenting topics and questions that parents and caregivers may be exposed to on social media. TAXONOMY: Development of Feeding; Parenting; Online Information Services.

Seasonal variation in 24 h blood pressure profile in healthy adults- A prospective observational study.

The clinical and experimental data on seasonal variation in blood pressure is mainly from office and home blood pressure (BP) monitoring studies. There are few studies from temperate climates on seasonal changes with ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring and none from India. This is a prospective, observational study among healthy adults. ABP was measured in four different seasons in 28 subjects. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), ambulatory systolic blood pressure (SBP), and ambulatory diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly higher in winter compared to summer season. 24-hour MAP was lowest in summer while highest MAP was recorded in winter (97.04 ± 8.30 and 103.89 ± 8.54, respectively). The mean difference was -6.86 mm Hg (95% CI: -10.74 to -2.97, p = 0.001). This difference was mainly due to increase in day time MAP. There was no difference in 24 h systolic and diastolic blood pressure between summer and winter. There was significant difference between summer and winter in the SBP (day time) [125.61 ± 11.44 and 131.93 ± 9.46, mean difference -6.32 (95% CI: -10.69 to -1.95, p = 0.005)] and DBP (day time) [79.57 ± 9.95 and 87.07 ± 9.9, mean difference -7.50 (95% CI: -12.49 to -2.51, p = 0.003)]. The night time systolic and diastolic BP was similar during winter and summer. Thus, BP increases significantly during winter compared to summer season. This change is primarily in the day time systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures. Larger studies are required to further validate our findings.