Moiré Enhanced Two-Band Superconductivity in a MnTe/NbSe2 Heterojunction.

Recent advances in creating moiré periods of two-dimensional heterostructures enable diverse and compatible tunability to modulate the conventional proximity effect involving superconductivity, magnetism, and topology. Here, by constructing a MnTe/NbSe2 heterojunction via molecular beam epitaxy growth, we report on a moiré-enhanced multiband superconductivity by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements. We observe a distinct double-gap superconducting spectrum on monolayer MnTe that is absent on the NbSe2 substrate. The subgap character exhibits a moiré-related oscillation in real space, which can be well described by an effective two-band model. The restored two-gap feature and its rapid suppression under a small magnetic field are speculated to be mediated by the moiré superlattice, which is closely related to the enhanced interband coupling strength of quasiparticle scattering. Our work paves the way for engineering proximitized properties of heterostructures by a moiré landscape with spatial modulations.

Self-Intercalated 1T-FeSe2 as an Effective Kagome Lattice.

In kagome lattice, with the emergence of Dirac cones and flat band in electronic structure, it provides a versatile ground for exploring intriguing interplay among frustrated geometry, topology and correlation. However, such engaging interest is strongly limited by available kagome materials in nature. Here we report on a synthetic strategy of constructing kagome systems via self-intercalation of Fe atoms into the van der Waals gap of FeSe2 via molecular beam epitaxy. Using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, we unveil a kagome-like morphology upon intercalating a 2 × 2 ordered Fe atoms, resulting in a stoichiometry of Fe5Se8. Both the bias-dependent STM imaging and theoretical modeling calculations suggest that the kagome pattern mainly originates from slight but important reconstruction of topmost Se atoms, incurred by the nonequivalent subsurface Fe sites due to the intercalation. Our study demonstrates an alternative approach of constructing artificial kagome structures, which envisions to be tuned for exploring correlated quantum states.

Impacts of enhanced recovery after surgery nursing interventions on wound infection and complications following bladder cancer surgery: A meta-analysis.

A meta-analysis was executed to comprehensively examine the impacts of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) care interventions on complications and wound infections following bladder cancer (BCa) surgery. Computer searches were carried out in Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Wanfang and CNKI, from their inception to November 2023, for RCTs regarding perioperative ERAS nursing interventions in patients with BCa. Two independent researchers performed literature screening, extracted data and carried out quality evaluations. Stata 17.0 software was utilized for the analysis of the data. Ultimately, 16 RCTs, involving 1190 patients, were included. The analysis showed that, in comparison with conventional nursing methods, perioperative ERAS nursing application in patients with BCa remarkably decreased the occurrence of wound infections (OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.16-0.59) and complications (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.13-0.28). Our study indicates that perioperative care based on the ERAS concept remarkably decreased the occurrence of wound infections and complications following BCa surgery, demonstrating notable nursing efficacy and meriting widespread clinical promotion.

Deep Learning-based Trichoscopic Image Analysis and Quantitative Model for Predicting Basic and Specific Classification in Male Androgenetic Alopecia.

Since the results of basic and specific classification in male androgenetic alopecia are subjective, and trichoscopic data, such as hair density and diameter distribution, are potential quantitative indicators, the aim of this study was to develop a deep learning framework for automatic trichoscopic image analysis and a quantitative model for predicting basic and specific classification in male androgenetic alopecia. A total of 2,910 trichoscopic images were collected and a deep learning framework was created on convolutional neural networks. Based on the trichoscopic data provided by the framework, correlations with basic and specific classification were analysed and a quantitative model was developed for predicting basic and specific classification using multiple ordinal logistic regression. A deep learning framework that can accurately analyse hair density and diameter distribution on trichoscopic images and a quantitative model for predicting basic and specific classification in male androgenetic alopecia were established.

Association between psychological pain and suicidal ideation among men with substance use disorder: a moderated mediation model.

Previous studies have found that people with substance use disorder are associated with significantly higher odds of suicidal ideation than the general population. Psychological pain and emotional regulation are considered protective factors for suicidal ideation, but the interaction process is not clear. In this study, we investigated the effects of psychological pain on suicidal ideation and constructed a moderated mediation model. 445 men with substance use disorder in China were recruited to complete the Chinese version of the Psychological Pain Scale, Regulatory Emotional Self-efficacy Scale, Suicidal Ideation Scale, and Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale. The results demonstrated that psychological pain significantly and positively predicted suicidal ideation among people with substance use disorder, and that regulatory emotional self-efficacy played a mediating role between psychological pain and suicidal ideation. Intolerance of uncertainty moderated the top and bottom halves of the intermediate process paths. This study suggests that intolerance of uncertainty and regulatory emotional self-efficacy can be improved by interventions among people with substance use disorder, which in turn can reduce their suicidal ideation and improve quality of life.

Methyl Helicterate Inhibits Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation Through Modulation of Apoptosis and Autophagy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major source of extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore inhibiting HSC activation is considered as an effective strategy to inhibit the process of liver fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of methyl helicterate (MH) isolated from Helicteres angustifolia on the activation of HSCs. METHODS: HSC-T6 cells were treated with various concentration of MH and autophagy was inhibited by 3-Methyl adenine (3-MA) or RNA interference. Cell viability was observed by MTT assay and cell colony assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry. Autophagic vacuoles were observed by transmission electron microscopy and monodansyl cadaverine (MDC) staining. Moreover, autophagy-related genes and proteins were detected using real-time PCR and Western blot assays, respectively. RESULTS: MH significantly inhibited HSC activation, as evidenced by the inhibition of cell viability, colony formation and the expression of α-SMA and collagen I. MH caused cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Moreover, MH significantly induced apoptosis through regulating the mitochondria-dependent pathway and the activity of caspases. MH treatment significantly increased lysosomes and autophagosomes, and enhanced the formation of autophagic vacuoles and autophagic flux. Interestingly, inhibiting autophagy by 3-MA or RNA interference abolished the ability of MH in inhibiting HSC activation. On the other hand, induction of autophagy promoted MH-induced HSC apoptosis. Further study showed that MH-induced HSC apoptosis and autophagy was mediated by the JNK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that MH-induced HSC apoptosis and autophagy may be one of the important mechanisms for its anti-fibrosis effect.

MiR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor via regulating angiopoietin-2 in pancreatic cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is currently one of the leading causes of cancer deaths without any effective therapies. Mir-145 has been found to be tumor-suppressive in various types of cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of miR-145 in pancreatic cancer cells and explore its underlying mechanism. METHODS: Quantitative real time PCR was used to determine the expression level of miR-145 and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) mNRA, and the expression level of Ang-2 protein was measured by western blotting. The anti-cancer activities of miR-145 were tested both in in vitro by using cell invasion and colony formation assay and in vivo by using xenograft assay. The direct action of miR-145 on Ang-2 was predicted by TargetScan and confirmed by luciferase report assay. The vascularization of xenografts were performed by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: The expression level of miR-145 was significantly lower and the expression levels of Ang-2 mRNA and protein was significantly higher in the more aggressive pancreatic cancer cells (MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1) when compared to that in BxPC3 cells. Overexpression of miR-145 in the BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells suppressed the cell invasion and colony formation ability, and the expression level of Ang-2 protein in MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells was also suppressed after pre-miR-145 transfection. Intratumoral delivery of miR-145 inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer xenografts and angiogenesis in vivo, and also suppressed the expression level of angiopoietin-2 protein. Luciferase report assay showed that Ang-2 is a direct target of miR-145, and down-regulation of angiopoietin-2 by treatment with Ang-2 siRNA in the BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells suppressed cell invasion and colony formation ability. The reverse transcription PCR results also showed that Tie1 and Tie2 were expressed in BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells. CONCLUSION: MiR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer cells by targeting Ang-2 for translation repression and thus suppresses pancreatic cancer cell invasion and growth, which suggests that restoring of miR-145 may be a potential therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.

Single Lithium-Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes Based on a Super-Delocalized Polyanion.

A novel single lithium-ion (Li-ion) conducting polymer electrolyte is presented that is composed of the lithium salt of a polyanion, poly[(4-styrenesulfonyl)(trifluoromethyl(S-trifluoromethylsulfonylimino)sulfonyl)imide] (PSsTFSI(-)), and high-molecular-weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The neat LiPSsTFSI ionomer displays a low glass-transition temperature (44.3 °C; that is, strongly plasticizing effect). The complex of LiPSsTFSI/PEO exhibits a high Li-ion transference number (tLi (+) =0.91) and is thermally stable up to 300 °C. Meanwhile, it exhibits a Li-ion conductivity as high as 1.35×10(-4)  S cm(-1) at 90 °C, which is comparable to that for the classic ambipolar LiTFSI/PEO SPEs at the same temperature. These outstanding properties of the LiPSsTFSI/PEO blended polymer electrolyte would make it promising as solid polymer electrolytes for Li batteries.

Chinese physicians' attitudes toward and understanding of medical professionalism: results of a national survey.

BACKGROUND: Medical professionalism has been developing in the Peoples' Republic of China as one way to better address perennial and new challenges in healthcare in an ever-changing society. Among many recent developments in this area is promotion by the national Chinese Medical Doctor Association of the principles and values contained in the international document, "Medical Professionalism in the New Millennium: A Physician Charter." OBJECTIVE: To discover Chinese physicians' attitudes toward and understanding of medical professionalism. METHODOLOGY: The authors distributed a self-reporting questionnaire that included 34 statements and four case scenarios concerning the general principles of medical professionalism: the primacy of patients' welfare, respect for patients' autonomy, promotion of social justice, and professional self-regulation. The questionnaire included controversial issues such as the role of the family in decision making and reporting medical errors. A total of 2,966 practicing physicians, randomly selected from the Chinese Medical Association database, were surveyed, and 1,198 valid questionnaires were returned. Our sample covered 23 provinces and 51 cities throughout the Peoples' Republic of China. RESULTS: More than 80 percent of the physicians who responded agreed that the physician-patient relationship should be a relationship of trust founded on professional altruism, and that informed consent is necessary. More than 95 percent agreed that physicians should promote professional self-regulation as well as social justice. More than half agreed with the principle of the primacy of patients' welfare (62.8 percent), and that physicians have a responsibility to report medical errors and incompetent colleagues (51.0 percent). In certain cases, a great majority of Chinese physicians favored familism and paternalism. LIMITATIONS: The study does not include data on how Chinese physicians practice medical professionalism, or the perspectives of physicians working in smaller cities and in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Based on responses to the survey, Chinese physicians strongly support the majority of the fundamental principles and responsibilities of medical professionalism, including dedication, altruism, social justice, self-regulation, and informed consent. However, their support for the primacy of patients' welfare as a general principle, and the physician's responsibility to report medical errors and incompetent colleagues, is relatively low. To help advance medical professionalism in the People's Republic of China, professional development programs and medical ethics education should not only emphasize the general principles involved, but also formulate guidelines on how these principles can be carried out in practice.

Refractory alopecia areata with single hairs imitating frontal fibrosing alopecia: a prospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: Lonely hair sign is considered as a clue to the diagnosis of frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA). OBJECTIVE: To report an undescribed variant of alopecia areata (AA) with which the patient developed single hairs and other features similar to FFA and to determine the underlying mechanism. METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study in patients who presented with receding hairline and single hairs, evaluating the clinical, trichoscopic, and histological features and their correlation. Immunochemistry studies were performed to describe the microenvironment. RESULTS: Eighteen patients were enrolled in the study. Despite the similarity to FFA clinically, these patients showed different histopathology which revealed a normal number of pilosebaceous units, one anagen hair in one or more pilosebaceous units, and others in telogen stage, consistent with single hairs under the naked eye or under trichoscopy. The severity of the hair loss assessed by SALT was no more than 50, but the response to conventional therapy was poor. CONCLUSIONS: This study reports a unique variant of AA. The pathological basis is an increase in the telogen hair follicles, with one anagen hair in one or more pilosebaceous units. Minimal inflammation consisting of CD3+ T lymphocytes and mast cells was demonstrated in the microenvironment.

VDRA downregulate ß-catenin/Smad3 and DNA damage and repair associated with improved prognosis in ccRCC patients.

The clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) spotlighted the poorest survival, while chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) was associated with the best survival. Earlier studies corroborated vitamin D receptor (VDR) was a promising molecular for improving the prognosis of RCC. In contrast to VDRA, the one of VDR isoforms, VDRB1 (VDR isoform B1) has an N-terminal extension of 50 amino acids and is less ligand-dependent. However, the functional differences between VDRA and VDRB1, and their roles in the prognosis of ccRCC and chRCC, have not been investigated. In the present study, we uncovered that the transcripts related to vitamin D pathway and cellular calcium signaling were effectively decreased in the context of ccRCC, yet failed to exert a comparable effect within chRCC. Specially, minimally levels of VDRA wherein kidneys of patients suffering from ccRCC predict shorter survival time. In addition, the protein expressions for ß-catenin/Smad3 pathway and DNA damage and repair pathways were obviously impeded in VDRA-overexpressed ccRCC cells, yet this inhibitory effect was conspicuously absent in enable VDRB1 cells. Our results provide a new idea to improve the prognosis of ccRCC via VDRA upregulation.

Neopterin negatively regulates expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 by the LXRα signaling pathway in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells.

To investigate the effects of neopterin on ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux in human THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells, and to explore the role of the liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) involved. In the present study, THP-1 cells were pre-incubated with ox-LDL to become foam cells. The protein and mRNA expression were examined by Western blot assays and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. Liquid scintillation counting and high performance liquid chromatography assays were used to test cellular cholesterol efflux and cholesterol content. Neopterin decreased ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells, and the LXRα siRNA can reverse the inhibitory effects induced by neopterin. Neoterin has a negative regulation on ABCA1 expression via the LXRα signaling pathway, which suggests the aggravated effects of neopterin on atherosclerosis.

[The expression of peripheral Th1 and Th17 cells in inflammatory bowel disease and its potential clinical value].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the probable role of Th1 and Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from peripheral blood specimens were collected in the study, including 40 healthy controls, 42 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 39 Crohn's disease (CD). The proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells in the PBMCs was detected with flow cytometry after stimulated by PMA and ionomycin. The result and the clinical data were analyzed. RESULT: The Th1 cell expression was increased in CD (38.32 ± 16.18)% and UC group (34.23 ± 11.60)%, compared with the controls (24.58 ± 10.02)% (P < 0.01). During the convalescence, the Th1 expression in the CD and UC groups in vivo was significantly reduced without difference between the two groups (P > 0.05) . In the IBD group , significant difference in the frequency of Th17 cells could be found between the CD group (2.51 ± 1.59)% and the UC group (4.15 ± 2.75)%, while the Th17 cells were increased in both groups, compared with the controls (1.44 ± 0.73)% (P < 0.05) . Obvious difference in the frequency of Th17 cells could be found between patients at different activity stages and remission stages. The proportion of Th17 cells were higher in the UC patients than that in the CD patients (P < 0.01) . The Th17/Th1 ratio of CD patients, UC patients were 0.08 ± 0.06, 0.14 ± 0.11, which were both higher that in the controls (0.07 ± 0.06). Significant difference could be found between the UC group and the CD group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The higher proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells are detected in the peripheral blood of IBD patients, which is correlated closely to the activity of the disease. Th1 and Th17 cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBD.

A comprehensive review of the current trends and recent advancements on the authenticity of honey.

The authenticity of honey currently poses challenges to food quality control, thus requiring continuous modernization and improvement of related analytical methodologies. This review provides a comprehensively overview of honey authenticity challenges and related analytical methods. Firstly, direct and indirect methods of honey adulteration were described in detail, commenting the existing challenges in current detection methods and market supervision approaches. As an important part, the integrated metabolomic workflow involving sample processing procedures, instrumental analysis techniques, and chemometric tools in honey authenticity studies were discussed, with a focus on their advantages, disadvantages, and scopes. Among them, various improved microscale extraction methods, combined with hyphenated instrumental analysis techniques and chemometric data processing tools, have broad application potential in honey authenticity research. The future of honey authenticity determination will involve the use of simplified and portable methods, which will enable on-site rapid detection and transfer detection technologies from the laboratory to the industry.

Spin-Resolved Imaging of Antiferromagnetic Order in Fe4 Se5 Ultrathin Films on SrTiO3.

Unraveling the magnetic order in iron chalcogenides and pnictides at atomic scale is pivotal for understanding their unconventional superconducting pairing mechanism, but is experimentally challenging. Here, by utilizing spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy, real-space spin contrasts are successfully resolved to exhibit atomically unidirectional stripes in Fe4 Se5 ultrathin films, the plausible closely related compound of bulk FeSe with ordered Fe-vacancies, which are grown by molecular beam epitaxy. As is substantiated by the first-principles electronic structure calculations, the spin contrast originates from a pair-checkerboard antiferromagnetic ground state with in-plane magnetization, which is modulated by a spin-lattice coupling. These measurements further identify three types of nanoscale antiferromagnetic domains with distinguishable spin contrasts, which are subject to thermal fluctuations into short-ranged patches at elevated temperatures. This work provides promising opportunities in understanding the emergent magnetic order and the electronic phase diagram for FeSe-derived superconductors.

A bimetallic (Ni/Co) metal-organic framework with excellent oxidase-like activity for colorimetric sensing of ascorbic acid.

A novel nanozyme of bimetallic (Ni/Co) metal-organic framework (Ni/Co-MOF) was synthesized using a simultaneous precipitation and acid etching method with a zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-67 as the template. The as-synthesized Ni/Co-MOF catalyst presented a three-dimensional hollow nanocage structure and exhibited excellent intrinsic oxidase-like activity. It was demonstrated that Ni/Co-MOF could directly catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to produce a blue product (oxidized TMB, oxTMB) in the absence of H2O2. The mechanisms and kinetics of this nanozyme activity were investigated, and it was determined that the catalytic activity of Ni/Co-MOF was closely related to temperature and solution pH. Owing to its strong reducibility, ascorbic acid (AA) could reduce oxTMB, and the blue color of the reaction mixture faded over time. Therefore, a novel colorimetric platform was constructed to detect AA based on the oxidase-like activity of Ni/Co-MOF. Under optimal conditions, the absorbance of ox-TMB at 652 nm decreased linearly over the 0.015-50 µM AA range with a detection limit of 0.004 µM.

N 6-methyladenosine modification contributes to respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the second leading cause of death due to lower respiratory tract infections. Effective prevention and treatment measures are lacking, posing a huge socioeconomic burden to the world. N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common internal modification in messenger RNA and noncoding RNA. Numerous recent studies have shown that the dysregulation of m6A modification is associated with diseases caused by pathogenic viruses. Methods: The changes in m6A modification were evaluated using m6A RNA methylation assay. The differences in gene expression levels of various m6A-modifying enzymes were observed using Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) during RSV infection. The autophagosomes were observed using transmission electron microscopy, and the expression of autophagy-associated protein Microtubule Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 Beta Ⅱ/Ⅰ (LC3B Ⅱ/Ⅰ) and Beclin1 in Human Normal Lung Epithelial Cells (BEAS-2B) cells using Western blot during RSV infection. The significantly differentially expressed genes were screened guided by bioinformatics. Their relationship with m6A-modifying enzymes was analyzed through protein-protein interaction network and expression correlation analysis. Results: The m6A abundance decreased and demethylase Fat Mass and Obesity- Associated Protein (FTO) significantly increased during RSV infection after 24 h. We also found that the DNA Damage-Inducible Transcript 3 Protein (DDIT3) level significantly increased during RSV infection after 24 h and observed autophagosomes in BEAS-2B cells. In addition, RSV infection could cause the upregulation of LC3B Ⅱ/Ⅰ and Beclin1. The expression correlation analysis showed that DDIT3 levels were positively correlated with the FTO level, and Methyltransferase Like 3 (METTL3), RNA Binding Motif Protein 15B (RBM15B), YTH Domain-Containing Family Protein 1 (YTHDF1), and levels were negatively correlated with the DDIT3 level. Conclusions: We uncovered a significant role for m6A modification during RSV infection. Also, a correlation was found between m6A and autophagy, providing new ideas for therapeutic advancements in RSV treatment.

Evaluation of virtual tour in an online museum: Exhibition of Architecture of the Forbidden City.

Online virtual museum tours combine museum authority and an academic approach with the diversity and interactivity of online resources; such tours have become an essential resource for online scientific research and education. Many important museums around the world are developing this type of online service. Comprehensive evaluation of such tours is, however, urgently needed to ensure effectiveness. This paper establishes a heuristic evaluation scale based on the literature. Taking the online virtual tour of the Exhibition of Architecture of the Forbidden City as a case study, confirmatory factor analysis was then carried out to improve the scale. Interviews were conducted to discuss and analyze the research results. The developed evaluation scale has four dimensions: authenticity, interaction, navigation, and learning. The results from the case study showed, first, that the exhibition had visual authenticity, but the behavioral authenticity was insufficient; second, the exhibition was generally interactive, but this aspect could be improved by enriching the links; third, the lack of effective navigation design for the exhibit was the main factor affecting experience quality. Fourth, the exhibition was informative and supported learning, but needs further improvement to the quantity and quality of information provided. Finally, the interviews revealed that the online exhibition did not entirely support people of different ages and abilities, so it needs further improvement to be wholly inclusive.

Evaluation of the prognostic nutritional index for the prognosis of Chinese patients with high/extremely high-risk prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) is on the rise in China. The risk level of patients with PCa is associated with disease-free survival rate at 10 years after radical prostatectomy. Predicting prognosis in advance according to the degree of risk can provide a reference for patients, especially treatment options and postoperative adjuvant treatment measures for high-risk/extremely high-risk patients. AIM: To explore the predictive value of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) for biological recurrence in Chinese patients with high/extremely high-risk PCa after radical prostatectomy. METHODS: The biochemical test results and clinical data of 193 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for the first time from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. The PNI value of peripheral blood within 1 wk before surgery was calculated, and during the follow-up period, prostate-specific antigen ≥ 0.2 ng/mL was considered to have biological recurrence. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the optimal critical value and area under the curve (AUC) of the patients. According to the critical value, the progression-free survival of the high PNI group and low PNI group was compared. The independent influencing factors of the patients' prognosis were obtained by the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: The non-biological recurrence rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 92.02%, 84.05%, and 74.85%, respectively. The optimal critical value for PNI to predict biological recurrence was 46.23, and the AUC was 0.789 (95% confidence interval: 0.651-0.860; P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity were 82.93% and 62.30%, respectively. In accordance with the optimal critical value of the ROC curve (46.23), 193 patients were further divided into a high PNI group (PNI ≤ 46.23, n = 108) and low PNI group (PNI > 46.23, n = 85). The incidence of postoperative complications in the high PNI group was lower than that in the low PNI group (21.18% vs 38.96%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival rate at 5 years in the low PNI group was 87.96% (13/108), which was lower than that in the high PNI group (61.18%, 33/85; P < 0.05). Low PNI [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.74; P = 0.003] and positive incisal margin status (HR = 2.14; P = 0.001) were independent predictors of biological recurrence in patients with high/extremely high-risk PCa. CONCLUSION: The PNI has predictive value for the prognosis of patients with high/extremely high-risk PCa, and is an independent prognostic factor. Patients with low PNI value have a shorter time of non-biological recurrence after prostatectomy. It is expected that the combined prediction of other clinicopathological data will further improve the accuracy and guide postoperative adjuvant therapy to improve the quality of prognosis.

Pedestrian dynamic response and injury risk in high speed vehicle crashes.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the current study is to understand pedestrian kinematics, biomechanical response and injury risk in high speed vehicle crashes. METHODS: Vehicle-to-pedestrian crashes at the impact speeds of 40 km/h (reference set) and 70 km/h (analysis set) were simulated employing FE models of a sedan front and an SUV front together with a pedestrian FE model developed using hollow structures. The predictions from crash simulations of different vehicle types and impact speeds were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: In crashes at 70 km/h, pedestrian head-vehicle contact velocity is by about 20-30% higher than the vehicle impact speed, the peak head angular velocity exceeds 100 rad/s and is close to the instant of head-vehicle contact, brain strain appears two peaks and the second peak (after head contact) is obviously higher than the first (before head contact), and AIS4+ head injury risk is above 50%, excessive thorax compression induces rib fractures and lung compression, both sedan and SUV cases show a high risk (>70%) of AIS3 + thorax injury, and the risk of AIS4 + thorax injury is lower than 40% in the sedan case and higher than 50% for the SUV case. CONCLUSIONS: Pedestrians in vehicle crashes at 70 km/h have a higher AIS3 + /AIS4 + head and thorax injury risk, high vehicle impact speed is more easily to induce a high head angular velocity at the instant of head-vehicle contact, brain strain is strongly associated with the combined effect of head rotational velocity and acceleration, and pedestrian thorax injury risk is more sensitive to vehicle impact speed than the head.