Rotational Atherectomy Followed by Drug-Coated Balloon Dilation in Possible Coronary Sequelae of Kawasaki Disease.

Rotational atherectomy with/without low-pressure balloon dilation has been a mainstay of interventional treatment for stenosis due to the coronary sequelae of Kawasaki disease (KD). Here, we report a restenosis case of probable coronary sequelae of KD treated with rotational atherectomy with low-pressure 2.5-mm balloon dilation 6 months previously. Under the guidance of optical frequency domain imaging, we performed rotational atherectomy followed by 2.5-mm drug-coated balloon (DCB) dilation for an atherosclerotic restenosis at the inlet of a calcified aneurysm in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery. Coronary angiography 6 months later showed no apparent progression of vessel narrowing, and we could defer repeat intervention. The present case suggests that rotational atherectomy followed by DCB dilation could be an alternative revascularization therapy of choice in coronary KD sequelae complicated with atherosclerosis.

Relationship Between Mean Blood Pressure at Admission and In-Hospital Outcome After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction.

A J-shaped or U-shaped curve phenomenon might exist between systolic blood pressure (SBP) or pulse pressure (PP) at admission and in-hospital mortality in Japanese patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, data regarding a relationship between mean blood pressure (MBP) at admission and in-hospital outcome in AMI patients undergoing primary PCI are still lacking in Japan.A total of 1,413 primary PCI-treated AMI patients were classified into quintiles based on admission MBP (< 79 n = 283, 79-91 n = 285, 92-103 n = 285, 104-115 n = 279, and ≥ 116 mmHg n = 281). Patients with MBP < 79 mmHg had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality, while mortality was not significantly different among the other quintiles: 16.6% (< 79), 4.9% (79-91), 3.9% (92-103), 3.2% (104-115), and 5.0% (≥ 116 mmHg). On multivariate analysis, Killip class ≥ 3 at admission, LMT or multivessels as culprit lesions, admission MBP < 79 mmHg, and age were independent positive predictors of in-hospital mortality, whereas hypercholesterolemia and TIMI 3 flow before/after PCI were negative predictors, while the other MBP categories were not.These results suggest that admission MBP < 79 mmHg might be associated with in-hospital death, and the in-hospital prognostic effects of MBP, the steady component of blood pressure, at admission might be different from those of SBP or PP, the pulsatile component of blood pressure, at admission in Japanese AMI patients undergoing primary PCI.

Left main crossover stenting in a patient with severe thrombocytopenia due to aplastic anemia.

A 76-year-old man with aplastic anemia presented with recurrent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with heart failure. After the initial appearance of AMI approximately 2 months earlier, he had received conservative treatment/transfusion alone because of severe thrombocytopenia and anemia (platelet 11 × 103/µL, hemoglobin 6.4 g/dL). Refractory heart failure persisted despite repeated conservative treatment/transfusion for the second AMI, and therefore, we performed transradial coronary angiography and left main crossover stenting with a bare metal stent. His critical condition markedly improved; however, soon after discharge, he complicated with subdural hematoma. He has since been free of cardiovascular/hemorrhagic events for 7 months without antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy.

Survivors of acute myocardial infarction at left main trunk undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) at left main trunk (LMT) is a deteriorated condition with high in-hospital morbidity and mortality; however, detailed data regarding AMI patients with LMT as culprit lesion (LMT-AMI patients) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been still limited. Using the AMI-Kyoto Multi-Center Risk Study database, clinical background, angiographic findings and results of primary PCI were retrospectively compared between primary PCI-treated LMT-AMI patients without in-hospital death (survivors, n = 21) and those with in-hospital death (non-survivors, n = 19). The survivors had higher values of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and systolic blood pressure at admission and lower prevalence of Killip grade 4 than the non-survivors. Pre-procedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade ≥2 at the initial coronary angiography (CAG) and post-procedural TIMI flow grade 3 at the final CAG were more frequent in the survivors, compared with the non-survivors. In contrast, age and gender did not differ significantly between the two groups. On multivariate analysis, higher eGFR and Killip grade 4 at admission were found to be independent in-hospital prognostic factors in the LMT-AMI patients. Admission eGFR and Killip grade 4 are tightly associated with in-hospital prognosis in LMT-AMI patients undergoing primary PCI.

Usefulness of continuous compression using TR Band™ for radial arteriovenous fistula following trans-radial intervention.

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) after trans-radial catheterization is an extremely rare complication. A 61-year-old man experienced a painful swelling in the left radial punctured site. The findings of vascular ultrasound and angiography led to a diagnosis of an iatrogenic radial AVF. We performed continuous compression using a hemostatic band for 24 h after which the radial AVF completely disappeared without vessel occlusion, and no relapse occurred. Eight cases of catheterization-induced radial AVF have been mentioned in the literature, but the treatment has not been noninvasive in any case. This is the first report of an iatrogenic radial AVF that was noninvasively repaired using continuous low-pressure compression with a hemostatic band. .