RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Conversational agents (CAs) offer a sustainable approach to deliver personalized interventions and improve health outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To review how human-like communication and automation techniques of CAs in personalized healthcare interventions have been implemented. It is intended for designers and developers, computational scientists, behavior scientists, and biomedical engineers who aim at developing CAs for healthcare interventions. METHODOLOGY: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA Extension for Scoping Review. A search was performed in May 2023 in Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus and IEEE databases. Search results were extracted, duplicates removed, and the remaining results were screened. Studies that contained personalized and automated CAs within the healthcare domain were included. Information regarding study characterization, and human-like communication and automation techniques was extracted from articles that met the eligibility criteria. RESULTS: Twenty-three studies were selected. These articles described the development of CAs designed for patients to either self-manage their diseases (such as diabetes, mental health issues, cancer, asthma, COVID-19, and other chronic conditions) or to enhance healthy habits. The human-like communication characteristics studied encompassed aspects like system flexibility, personalization, and affective characteristics. Seven studies used rule-based models, eleven applied retrieval-based techniques for content delivery, five used AI models, and six integrated affective computing. CONCLUSIONS: The increasing interest in employing CAs for personalized healthcare interventions is noteworthy. The adaptability of dialogue structures and personalization features is still limited. Unlocking human-like conversations may encompass the use of affective computing and generative AI to help improve user engagement. Future research should focus on the integration of holistic methods to describe the end-user, and the safe use of generative models.
Asunto(s)
Comunicación , Atención a la Salud , Humanos , AutomatizaciónRESUMEN
Nos indivíduos adultos e adolescentes com maturação óssea avançada, a correção da deficiência transversal da maxila torna-se um desafio para o ortodontista. O tratamento dessa má oclusão, cuja característica dentária predominante é a mordida cruzada posterior, é controverso e suscita muitas dúvidas. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma alternativa de tratamento para expansão dentoalveolar, no qual a expansão cirúrgica não é a opção mais indicada, ou o paciente recusa submeter-se a procedimentos cirúrgicos. O arco auxiliar de expansão, também conhecido como arco de cavalgada (Jockey Arch), é um método auxiliar para a expansão dentoalveolar nos casos onde a mordida cruzada é diagnosticada somente como dentária ou nos casos em que há envolvimento esquelético com grau leve promovendo uma compensação por meio de inclinações dentárias para vestibular. Este trabalho observou a efetividade do aparelho em quatro casos clínicos, demonstrando a correção da atresia dentoalveolar superior por meio de uma mecânica simplificada e eficiente. Contudo, faz-se necessária a realização de mais estudos para avaliar a efetividade do aparelho e, principalmente, a estabilidade da expansão dentária realizada por meio do arco auxiliar de expansão...
In adults and adolescents with advanced bone maturation the treatment of transverse maxillary deficiency becomes a challenge for orthodontists. The treatment of this dental malocclusion, characterized mainly by posterior crossbite, is controversial and raises many questions. The objective of this paper is to present an alternative treatment for dentoalveolar expansion for cases in which the surgical expansion is not the first option or the patient refuses to submit to surgical procedures. The auxiliary expansion arch, also known as Jockey Arch, is an aid for dentoalveolar expansion in cases where the crossbite is diagnosed only as dental or when there is mild skeletal involvement, promoting compensation through dental inclinations buccal method. This study has observed the effectiveness of the device in four cases, showing the correction of maxillary dentoalveolar constriction through a simple mechanics. However, further studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness of the device and mainly the stability of dental expansion conducted at the Jockey arch...