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EZH2 (Enhancer of zeste homolog 2) promotes tumor growth and survival through numerous mechanisms and is a promising target for novel therapeutic approaches. We aimed to characterize the expression of EZH2 in the tumors of young head-and-neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) patients in comparison with the general HNSCC patient population. We used formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 68 random young HNSCC patients (≤39 years, median age: 36 years; diagnosed between 2000 and 2018), which were compared with the samples of 58 age- and gender-matched general HNSCC subjects (median age: 62 years; all diagnosed in the year 2014). EZH2 and p53 expression of the tumors was detected using immunohistochemical staining. Lower EZH2 expression was found to be characteristic of the tumors of young HNSCC patients as opposed to the general population (median EZH2 staining intensity: 1 vs. 1.5 respectively, p < 0.001; median fraction of EZH2 positive tumor cells: 40% vs. 60%, respectively, p = 0.003, Mann-Whitney). Cox analysis identified a more advanced T status (T3-4 vs. T1-2), a positive nodal status, and alcohol consumption, but neither intratumoral EZH2 nor p53 were identified as predictors of mortality in the young patient group. The lower EZH2 expression of young HNSCC patients' tumors discourages speculations of a more malignant phenotype of early-onset tumors and suggests the dominant role of patient characteristics. Furthermore, our results might indicate the possibility of an altered efficacy of the novel anti-EZH2 therapies in this patient subgroup.
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Biomarcadores de Tumor , Proteína Potenciadora del Homólogo Zeste 2 , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Proteína Potenciadora del Homólogo Zeste 2/metabolismo , Proteína Potenciadora del Homólogo Zeste 2/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/metabolismo , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Pronóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To describe the results of treating tongue cancer patients with single postoperative interstitial, high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy (BT) after resection. METHODS: Between January 1998 and April 2019, 45 patients with squamous cell histology, stage T1-2N0-1M0 tongue tumours were treated by surgery followed by a single HDR BT in case of negative prognostic factors (close or positive surgical margin, lymphovascular and/or perineural invasion). The average dose was 29â¯Gy (range: 10-45â¯Gy) and rigid metal needles were used in 11 (24%) and flexible plastic catheters in 34 cases (76%). Survival parameters, toxicities and the prognostic factors influencing survival were analysed. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 103 months (range: 16-260 months) for surviving patients, the 10-year local and regional control (LC, RC), overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) probabilities were 85, 73, 34 and 63%, respectively. The incidence of local grade 1, 2 and 3 mucositis was 23, 73 and 4%, respectively. As a serious (grade 4), late side effect, soft tissue necrosis developed in 3 cases (7%). In a univariate analysis, there was a significant correlation between lymphovascular invasion and RC (pâ¯= 0.0118) as well as cervical recurrence and DSS (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Sole postoperative HDR brachytherapy can be an effective method in case of negative prognostic factors in the treatment of early, resectable tongue tumours. Comparing the results of patients treated with postoperative BT to those who were managed with surgery or BT alone known from the literature, a slightly more favourable LC can be achieved with the combination therapy, demonstrating the potential compensating effect of BT on adverse prognostic factors, while the developing severe, grade 4 toxicity rate remains low.
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Braquiterapia , Neoplasias de la Lengua , Braquiterapia/métodos , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Márgenes de Escisión , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de la Lengua/radioterapia , Neoplasias de la Lengua/cirugíaRESUMEN
Extended mandibular defects can be safely managed by applying microvascular free bone transfer. The flap of choice for this procedure is a fibula free flap due to its anatomical structure, proper length and good plasticity. The body of the mandible can be formed by removing wedge bone segments. However the gonial angle can be formed on a different, safer and easier way by performing axial osteotomy as it is done in the orthognathic surgery. The special advantage of this method is that by setting the exact angle of the ascending mandibular part, the ramus replacer fibula segment is perfectly suitable for the replacement of the head of the mandible. While recalling the anatomy of this region our clinical case demonstrates the functional reconstruction of these two delicate mandibular parts.
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Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Peroné/cirugía , Colgajos Tisulares Libres/cirugía , Mandíbula/cirugía , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Humanos , OsteotomíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION AND AIM: The study compares the antibiotic prophylaxis combined with postoperative antibiotic therapy to preoperative chlorhexidine rinse combined with postoperative antibiotic therapy in preventing complications after surgical removal of a mandibular third molar. METHOD: 71 healthy patients in four groups were enrolled in the study: I. prophylactic dose of 2000 mg of amoxicillin clavulanate, continued with amoxicillin clavulanate postoperatively; II. prophylactic dose of 600 mg of clindamycin, continued with clindamycin postoperatively; III. prophylactic chlorhexidin rinsing, continued randomized amoxicillin clavulanate or clindamycin postoperatively; IV. control, with clindamycin postoperatively. RESULTS: The pain was smaller in the prophylaxis groups. Alveolitis occurred only in the control group: 2 patients. Wound opening occurred in 22,2 % in group IV., 14,2 % in group II, 10 % in group I., 5 % in group III. CONCLUSION: We consider completing the indicated postoperative antibiotic prescription with antibiotic or antiseptic prophylaxis. Chlorhexidin prophylaxis could have the same positive effect. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(1), 13-19.
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Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Profilaxis Antibiótica , Tercer Molar/cirugía , Dolor Postoperatorio/prevención & control , Amoxicilina/uso terapéutico , Clindamicina/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Necrotizing fasciitis is a fulminant infection of the deeper layers of skin and subcutaneous tissues characterized by progressive soft tissue necrosis and high mortality. It rarely occurs in the head and neck area. The clinical picture includes non-specific but typical local and systemic symptoms. The treatment is a complex, multidisciplinary task which includes radical surgical exploration, debridement and drainage, empirically started and then targeted intravenous antibiotics and supportive therapy. Authors report a case of necrotizing fasciitis localized on the right side of the face which caused multi-organ failure and phlegmone of the neck.
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Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Fascitis Necrotizante/terapia , Mediastinitis/diagnóstico , Mediastinitis/patología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Desbridamiento/métodos , Drenaje/métodos , Fascitis Necrotizante/diagnóstico , Fascitis Necrotizante/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Mediastinitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Mediastinitis/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuello , Necrosis , Sepsis/epidemiología , Sepsis/etiología , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Mucosal melanoma in the region of head and neck is a rare and aggressive tumor. Diagnosis is usually late due to the quick, vertical spread of the disease, the a lack of early or specific signs and because of the location of lesions. The mainstay of treatment is radical surgical resection. The value of sentinel lymph node biopsy, lymphadenectomy and radiotherapy is still unclear. The objective of this study is to report five patients with primer malignant mucosal melanoma and briefly summarize the current literature of the etiology, staging and treatment of the disease.
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Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/diagnóstico , Melanoma/patología , Humanos , Membrana MucosaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In this phase II randomized study, the efficacy and toxicity of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy (ICT) followed by concurrent CRT was compared with those after standard CRT alone in patients with locally advanced, unresectable head and neck cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 2007 and June 2009, 66 patients with advanced (stage III or IV) unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx) were randomly assigned to two groups: one receiving two cycles of docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil ICT followed by CRT with three cycles of cisplatin and one treated by CRT alone. Response rate, local tumor control (LTC), locoregional tumor control (LRTC), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and toxicity results were assessed. RESULTS: Three patients from the ICT + CRT group did not appear at the first treatment, so a total of 63 patients were evaluated in the study (30 ICT + CRT group and 33 CRT group). Three patients died of febrile neutropenia after ICT. The median follow-up time for surviving patients was 63 months (range 53-82 months). The rate of radiologic complete response was 63% following ICT + CRT, whereas 70% after CRT alone. There were no significant differences in the 3-year rates of LTC (56 vs. 57%), LRTC (42 vs. 50%), OS (43 vs. 55%), and PFS (41 vs. 50%) in the ICT + CRT group and in the CRT group, respectively. The rate of grade 3-4 neutropenia was significantly higher in the ICT + CRT group than in the CRT group (37 and 12%; p = 0.024). Late toxicity (grade 2 or 3 xerostomia) developed in 59 and 42% in the ICT + CRT and CRT groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: The addition of ICT to CRT did not show any advantage in our phase II trial, while the incidence of adverse events increased. The three deaths as a consequence of ICT call attention to the importance of adequate patient selection if ICT is considered.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Quimioradioterapia , Terapia Neoadyuvante , Neoplasias de Oído, Nariz y Garganta/patología , Neoplasias de Oído, Nariz y Garganta/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidad , Quimioradioterapia/efectos adversos , Cisplatino/administración & dosificación , Terapia Combinada/efectos adversos , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Docetaxel , Femenino , Fluorouracilo/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Terapia Neoadyuvante/efectos adversos , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias de Oído, Nariz y Garganta/mortalidad , Taxoides/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Elorehaladott szájüregi daganatok eltávolítása után kialakult kiterjedt szövethiányok helyreállítására funkciómegtartó céllal a leggyakrabban alkalmazott eljárás a mikrovaszkuláris technikával végzett szabad szövetátültetés. Hazánkban a felületes szájüregi hiányok helyreállítására a leggyakrabban választott szabadlebeny a radiális alkarlebeny. Elsosorban vastagabb vagy nagyobb kiterjedésu hiányokra alkalmazzuk az anterolateralis comblebenyt. Az alkarlebeny esetén azonban a donorterületi szövodményráta jóval magasabb. Vékonyított anterolateralis comblebeny a hátrányokat kiiktatva alkalmas lehet az alkarlebeny intraoralis alkalmazása helyett.A korábban nyelvtumor miatt operált, alkarlebennyel rekonstruált és besugarazott 69 éves nobetegnél a korábbi mutéti terület szélén a követéses kontrollvizsgálat során recidív tumort verifikáltunk. Az Onkoterápiás Bizottság döntését követoen a recidíva eltávolítását, tangencionális mandibula reszekciót és szabad lebenyes helyreállítást terveztünk tracheotomiás védelemben. Elozetes kézi dopplerrel és duplex ultrahanggal történo perforátor meghatározás után, a jobb combon a perforátorra centrálva 6 × 8 cm-es superficialis fascia rétegében vékonyított anterolateralis comblebenyt preparáltunk. A lebeny vastagsága 6-8 mm, az érnyél hossza 12 cm volt, mely az intraoralis hiányra ideális volt. A nyakon elkészített mikrosebészeti anasztomózis után a donorterületet primeren zártuk.A lebeny keringése mindvégig kielégíto volt. A tracheotomiát a posztoperatív 11. napon megszüntettük, perorális táplálkozása a posztoperatív 14. napon helyreállt.Az anterolateralis comblebeny sokrétusége az anatómiájában rejlik. A korábban csak nagyobb és vastagabb hiányokra használt anterolateralis comblebeny jó adaptálhatósága és megfelelo mérete miatt felületesebb hiányokra is alkalmas. A korábban alkarlebennyel helyreállított hiányok pótlására a hasonló tulajdonságokkal rendelkezo vékonyított anterolateralis comblebeny is alkalmazható azzal a jelentos elonyével együtt, hogy a donorhely morbiditása minimális az alkarlebennyel szemben.
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Colgajos Tisulares Libres , Muslo , Humanos , Muslo/cirugía , Fascia , MandíbulaRESUMEN
The thymus derives from the third branchial pouch, which migrates to the mediastinum through the central region of the neck. During the migration, particles split off and develop separately. The prevalence of ectopic thymus is 20-40%. The purpose of this retrospective case series study was to investigate the prevalence of embryological tissue remnants in the central region, in patients treated for thyroid lesions. Between January 1 2018 and September 1 2020, 84 patients who underwent central neck dissection were selected. Clinicopathological data as age, gender, histopathological result and TNM stage were analyzed. Ectopic tissue in the central neck region was discovered in 28 cases. The prevalence of ectopic lesions showed increase in Stage I thyroid carcinomas. There was no significant correlation with patients' age, gender, or with the stage. We emphasize the clinicopathological role of ectopic tissues, which can occur in the central region of the neck.
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Coristoma , Cuello , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Femenino , Masculino , Cuello/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Coristoma/patología , Coristoma/epidemiología , Adulto , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/cirugía , Hallazgos Incidentales , Timo/patología , Disección del Cuello , Anciano , Estadificación de NeoplasiasRESUMEN
Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the thyroid gland is now considered as a member of the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma group based on the latest version of the WHO tumor classification. It is a very rare entity, the prognosis is adverse with a short survival time. The aim of this article is to emphasize the therapeutic complexity of this disease. A 68-year-old woman presented with rapidly growing right-sided neck mass with hoarseness and compressive symptoms. Physical examination revealed a hard fixed tumor with right-sided vocal cord palsy. Fine-needle aspiration cytology revealed a case of SCC in the location of the thyroid gland, imaging studies excluded the possibility of other primary malignancies. Surgical intervention was performed aiming the total removal of the tumor. Histopathological result confirmed the diagnosis of SCC of the thyroid. Finally the patient died during the palliative radiation therapy. SCC of the thyroid gland is a great challenge for both the surgeon and the multidisciplinary team to come up with the best treatment option which is suitable for the patient due to its unfavorable prognosis. Because of the poor response to the radiation and chemotherapy, complete surgical removal and the identification of any possible targetable molecular pathological change play a unique role in the therapy. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(39): 1556-1559.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , Femenino , Humanos , Anciano , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/cirugía , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Pronóstico , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
We aimed to characterize clinical and prognostical factors of primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in 85 young patients (≤39 years, median age: 37 years; between 2000-2018) in comparison with 140 institutional general HNSCC patients (median age: 61.5 years). The patient's medical records were collected from the institutional database. The prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption (65.8% and 48.1%) in the young group exceeded the regional population average but was below the institutional (86.4% and 55%) general HNSCC patient population. Primary tumor sites in the group of young patients were as follows: oral cavity (56.4%), oropharynx (17.6%), hypopharynx (11.7%), and larynx (14.1%). Cumulative five-year overall survival was 44.2% in the young group, but significantly better with early T (T1-2 vs. T3-4: 52.6% vs. 26.7%; p = 0.0058) and N0 status (N0 vs. N+: 65.2% vs. 32.3%; p = 0.0013). Young age, abstinence, earlier stage and laryngeal tumor site might predict a better prognosis. The age distribution and the high prevalence of traditional risk factors among the young patients as well as the predominance of oral cavity tumor localization suggest that the early onset of tumor development could be originated from the premature failure of the intrinsic protective mechanisms.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Neoplasias Laríngeas , Humanos , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/epidemiología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/epidemiología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/complicaciones , Estudios Retrospectivos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Oral or laryngeal leukoplakia has an increased risk for malignant transformation but the risk of the two anatomical sites has not been compared to each other yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical data of 253 patients with leukoplakia (oral = 221 or laryngeal = 32) enrolled from January 1996 to January 2022 were analyzed. One hundred and seventy underwent biopsy and 83 did not. The mean follow-up time was 148.8 months. Risk factors for the malignant transformation of leukoplakia were identified using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: In the oral or laryngeal group, the rate of cancer was 21.7% and 50% (p = 0.002), respectively. The 10-year estimated malignant transformation was 15.1% and 42% (p < 0.0001), respectively. The laryngeal group had an increased risk of malignant transformation (p < 0.0001). The 5-year estimated survival with leukoplakia-associated cancer for the oral or laryngeal group was 40.9% and 61.1% (p = 0.337), respectively. Independent predictors of malignant transformation in the oral group were dysplasia and the grade of dysplasia of the leukoplakia, and in the laryngeal group, dysplasia had a significant impact. The malignant transformation rate was low for oral patients without biopsy or with no dysplasia, 3.9% and 5.1%, respectively. The malignant transformation occurred over 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with dysplastic leukoplakia have an increased risk of malignant transformation, but the risk is higher with laryngeal than with oral leukoplakia. There is no significant difference between the groups regarding survival with leukoplakia-associated cancer. Oral patients with no dysplastic lesions have a low risk of malignant transformation. A complete excision and long-term follow up are suggested for high-risk patients to diagnose cancer in an early stage and to control late (over 10 years) malignant events.
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A korai és lokálisan elorehaladott colontumorok esetében a megfelelo onkológiai minoségu sebészi resectio a kezelés központi eleme. Jobb oldali vastagbél tumorok sebészi ellátásában - a kedvezobb hosszú távú onkológiai eredmények elérése céljából - egyre szélesebb körben elfogadott a Hohenberger által 2009-ben elsoként publikált "complett mesocolicus-excisio" (CME) és centrális érlekötés (CVL).Esetünkben egy 78 éves nobeteg jobb alhasi faeculens váladékozása miatt indult kivizsgálása során a hasfalat szélesen infiltráló coecum tumor igazolódott. Az Onkoterápiás Bizottság - tekintettel az egyértelmu távoli áttét hiányára, a beteg jó általános állapotára, a fennálló colo-cutan sipolyra és egyértelmu irresecabilitási jelek hiányára - mutétet javasolt. A kuratív intenció és kello radikalitás érdekében, komplett mesocolicus excisio és kiterjesztett hasfali resectio mellett döntöttünk. A mutét során a kialakult hasfali defektus rekonstrukciójához a jobb comb lateralis felszínérol tensor fasciae lateae musculocutan (TFL) lebenyt preparáltunk. A hasfali defektust, mind a fascia, mind a subcutis-cutis rétegében helyreállítottuk, a donor területet primeren zártuk. A posztoperatívumban a lebeny distalis végén vénás pangás jelei majd felületes necrosis mutatkozott. Sorozatos necrectomia és negatívnyomás-terápia (NPWT) mellett a hasfal végig intakt maradt és per secundam gyógyult.Megfelelo betegszelekció esetén, centrumokban elvégezve - onkosebész és helyreállító plasztikai sebész szoros együttmuködésével - a radikális mutét kiterjesztett hasfali resectiót igénylo jobb colonfél tumoroknál is biztonsággal elvégezheto.
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Neoplasias del Ciego , Citrus , Humanos , Fascia , Colon , NecrosisRESUMEN
Most of the neck node metastases from cancer of unknown primary (CUP) are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). The majority of which are human papillomavirus (HPV)-related, frequently show cystic morphology referring to Waldeyer's ring origin. Here, we report four cases of neck node SCCs metastases from CUP. In our institute, 432 patients with head and neck (HN) SCC underwent pretreatment mutagen sensitivity (MS) assay between 1996 and 2006. Among them, 4 patients ≤50 years of age had metastatic cervical nodes from CUP. The primary treatment was cervical node dissection ± radiotherapy. All patients had elevated (>1.0 chromatid break/cell) MS. One male patient died of progressive neck metastasis within 3 years and the 3 female patients are still alive more than 15 years after initial treatment of HPV+ (two) or cystic (one) SCC. Two female patients developed second and third distant site metachronous primary cancers. HPV+ or cystic HNSCC from CUP with elevated MS indicates good outcome. Distant site metachronous cancers of different histologic origins cannot be explained by field cancerization. The clinical significance of elevated MS in neck node SCC metastasis from CUP requires further investigation.
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Introduction: Vertical augmentation of the alveolar process for dental implantation is a well-established approach. The literature suggests that vertical ridge augmentation is associated with an elevated risk of complications and bone resorption compared to lateral bone augmentation or sinus elevation. Objective: We sought to retrospectively analyze the long-term success of vertical augmentation in terms of bone stability and complications. Method: We reviewed the medical records of 186 patients who underwent monocortical bone augmentation and nar-rowed them down to two smaller groups. Patients in one group were treated by sinus elevation, while patients in the other group were treated by vertical ridge augmentation. In both groups, the treatment was carried out utilizing autogenous monocortical bone blocks. Only those files were selected for analysis where follow-up documentation of a minimum of 3 years with panoramic X-ray images was available. We analyzed the frequency and degree of bone resorption and the frequency of implant loss and complications. Results: 72% of the augmentation cases and 92% of the implants in the sinus elevation group were free of bone resorp-tion in contrast to the vertical ridge augmentation group where only 46% of the augmentation cases and 24% of the implants were free of bone resorption. No implant loss or peri-implant complications were observed in either group. Conclusion: The results support the literature in that the risk of bone resorption is higher in cases of vertical ridge augmentation. However, this was not accompanied by functional alterations, peri-implant complications, or inflam-matory phenomena and neither did it lead to implant loss, even in cases with more than a decade of follow-up.
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Aumento de la Cresta Alveolar , Maxilar , Aumento de la Cresta Alveolar/métodos , Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Humanos , Mandíbula/cirugía , Maxilar/cirugía , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Authors performed reconstructive surgery for extensive skin and mandibular bone defect following gunshot injury to the left side of the face. The soft tissue and bone defect was reconstructed with the free osteocutaneous fibula flap harvested from the left lower leg, as suitable local reconstructive flap was not available. The bony continuity was reestablished with a 7 cm long fibula segment. Microvascular anastomoses were performed to the left occipital artery and the left internal jugular vein. The occipital artery was chosen as the external carotid system was completely missing on the right side and was missing several branches on the left side due to the trauma. The fibular segment became fully incorporated and 95% of the flap healed by primary intention.
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Trasplante Óseo , Arterias Cerebrales/cirugía , Peroné/trasplante , Venas Yugulares/cirugía , Mandíbula/cirugía , Traumatismos Mandibulares/cirugía , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Anastomosis Quirúrgica , Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Traumatismos Mandibulares/etiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Lóbulo Occipital/irrigación sanguínea , Intento de Suicidio , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/cirugíaRESUMEN
Vertical augmentation of the mandible to prepare dental implant therapy is still a challenge, especially with large mandible defects. Reconstruction with fibula free flap is a regularly applied approach in such cases, but it does not always yield optimal results: the resulting crestal height might differ significantly from the crestal height of the patient's intact bone, which makes esthetic and functional rehabilitation difficult. Osteodistraction of the integrated flap is a known but rarely discussed approach where the already integrated flap undergoes additional distraction. Through the four cases reported here, we would like to demonstrate that the osteodistraction of the transplanted fibula free flap is a useful and efficient method of secondary augmentation for cases where the flap itself fails to produce the desired crestal height, and no other method is applicable. The cases show that the method allows outcomes that are highly satisfactory, both in the functional and esthetic sense.
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Peroné , Colgajos Tisulares Libres , Trasplante Óseo , Estética Dental , Peroné/cirugía , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagen , Mandíbula/cirugíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The reconstructive and rehabilitative management of large mandibular defects with basal continuity is challenging in many respects, especially in the vertical dimension. The free fibula flap is an under-utilised but efficient approach in this indication. The aim of this case series is to demonstrate its use and long-term success. CASE PRESENTATION: Three cases are presented, where the patient had a large bone defect (at least 5 cm in length and 1 cm in the vertical dimension), but the continuity of the mandible was maintained. Two cases were related to pathological fracture and one was a large defect due to oncological surgery. Vertical augmentation with free microvascularised fibula flap was carried out, followed by implant-retained prosthetic therapy. Clinical status has been followed up for 5 to 6 years, with special attention to the condition of the peri-implant tissues and any radiographically detectable alterations or complications. No complications occurred during the follow-up. Function and esthetics have remained unchanged throughout. CONCLUSIONS: Free microvascularised fibula flap reconstruction combined with implant-retained prosthetics allows a lasting functional and esthetic solution in the discussed indication.
Asunto(s)
Implantes Dentales , Peroné , Trasplante Óseo , Estética , Peroné/diagnóstico por imagen , Peroné/cirugía , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagen , Mandíbula/cirugíaRESUMEN
Összefoglaló. A retropharyngealis nyirokcsomóáttétek incidenciája a primer fej-nyaki daganat lokalizációjától függ. Leggyakrabban az elorehaladott vagy recidív nasopharynx-carcinomák esetén fordul elo, de III-IV. stádiumú oro- és hypopharynxtumorok esetén is megjelenhetnek. Non-nasopharyngealis primer tumoroknál a manifesztációjuk kedvezotlen prognosztikai faktornak tekintheto, melynek hátterében a diagnosztikus nehézség miatti késoi detektálás, a kifejezetten nehéz sebészi eltávolíthatóság, valamint az agresszív biológiai viselkedés állhat. Az esetismertetésünkben bemutatásra kerülo, 58 éves betegünknél bal oldali elülso szájfenéki primer tumort diagnosztizáltunk azonos oldali nyaki és retropharyngealis nyirokcsomó-metastasissal, mely a nemzetközi irodalom alapján extrém raritás, incidenciája kevesebb mint 1%. A retropharyngealis nyirokcsomók diagnosztikájában a lokalizáció miatt a képalkotóknak jut hangsúlyosabb szerep. Elhelyezkedésük nemcsak diagnosztikus, hanem sebésztechnikai kihívást is jelentenek az életfontosságú anatómiai képletek közelsége, illetve a szuk feltárási viszonyok miatt. Ilyenformán ezek a mutétek csak intenzív osztályos háttérrel és kello jártassággal rendelkezo centrumokban végezhetok. Az alapvetoen rossz prognózist a korai diagnózis és a multimodális terápia kedvezoen befolyásolja. Esetünkben a komplex kezeléssel (sebészi terápia és posztoperatív radiokemoterápia) sikerült lokoregionális tumormentességet elérni, és ezzel a teljes és a betegségmentes túlélési idot növelni. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(25): 997-1003. Summary. The incidence of retropharyngeal lymph node metastasis depends on the localization of the primary head and neck cancer. Involved nodes are seen most commonly in cases of advanced or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, however, they might occur with stage III-IV oro- and hypopharyngeal tumours. The involvement of retropharyngeal lymph nodes has been associated with poor outcome of non-nasopharyngeal primary tumours, which might be explained by the delayed diagnosis, the difficult surgical procedure in the retropharyngeal space, and the aggressive nature of the disease. Here we present the case of a 58-year-old patient with an anterior oral cavity tumour on the left side with ipsilateral cervical lymph node and retropharyngeal lymph node metastases, which has been noted an extreme rarity in the literature with less than 1% incidence. Due to the localization of the retropharyngeal lymph nodes, the detection is based on imaging modalities. It represents a challenge for diagnosis and surgical treatment due to the close proximity of vital anatomical structures. Accordingly, these operations should only be performed in specialist surgical centres with intensive care units. The early diagnosis and the multimodality treatment might have a positive effect on the poor prognosis. In our case, we managed to achieve locoregional disease-free status with the complex treatment (surgical therapy and postoperative radiochemotherapy) and increase the overall and the disease-free survival. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(25): 997-1003.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Humanos , Incidencia , Ganglios Linfáticos , Metástasis Linfática , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Head and neck cancer patients are at high risk for secondary primary cancer (SPC) development. Mutagen hypersensitivity may be associated with elevated risk of SPC. A survey was made of SPC among 124 young (≤50 years) patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck who were enrolled in a pretreatment mutagen sensitivity investigation during 1996-2006. Mutagen sensitivity was assessed by exposing lymphocytes to bleomycin in vitro and quantitating the bleomycin-induced chromatid breaks per cell (b/c). Patients were classified as hypersensitive (>1 b/c) or not hypersensitive (≤1 b/c). The mean follow-up time was 64 months (range: 5-244 months). Eighteen patients (15%) developed a SPC. The 10-year estimated rate of SPC for hypersensitive (n=65) or not hypersensitive (n=59) patients were 17% and 30%, respectively (p=0.4272). Thirty-nine percent of SPC was developed after 10-year follow-up. The 5-year cancer-specific survival was 17% following the development of SPC. According to our findings, mutagen hypersensitivity does not increase the risk of developing SPC.