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2.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 19(1): 5-11, 2008 Feb.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18335150

RESUMEN

UNLABELLED: During last 50 years chemotherapy has played a very important part in the cancer treatment. However, success or failures of news drugs in one particular cancer its difficult to predict. In vitro chemosensitivity is an attractive method for knowing about responses of a tumor to ChT treatment and assess the best dose in the patient with cancer. OBJECTIVE: To know brain tumors sensitivity against antineoplastic drugs. METHODS: Five different drugs (carmustin, camptotecin, taxol, hydroxyurea and tamoxifen) were tested on short-term cultures from 7 patients with Glioblastoma multiforme, 15 patients with meningiomas and one patient with meduloblastoma. For testing chemosensitivity we used MTT assay, and we measured optic density by spectophotometry to 450 nm. RESULTS. A total of 49 measurement were done, getting 44 valid dose-result curves. For each drug we used from 10-2 M to 10-12 M gap, and IC50 result was representative of tumor sensitivity to the drug. CONCLUSION: our data support MTT assays like valid method for measuring in vitro chemosensitivity in brain tumors to news drugs.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Formazáns/metabolismo , Humanos , Sales de Tetrazolio/metabolismo , Células Tumorales Cultivadas
3.
Nefrologia ; 25(2): 155-62, 2005.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15912652

RESUMEN

Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are at a greatly increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. This fact could be due to the presence of conventional risk factor and specific uremic as increase of oxidative stress, hyperhomocystaenemia, deranged calcium-phosphate metabolism and chronic inflammatory state. In order to analyze the vascular effects of CRF, we studied the histomorphometric characteristics (intima-media thickness and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) accumulation (inmunohistochemical) on radial artery from 13 patients with CRF. We determined by Western blot analysis, the vascular nitrotyrosin abundance (footprint of nitric oxide (NO) inactivation by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. The NOS activity was, also, determined. The results were compared with those obtained in pudenda artery from a healthy control group (n: 16). The CRF group showed a significant increase in intima and media thickness 108 +/- 16 vs 14 +/- 2.5 microm, p < 0.001 and 291 +/- 19 vs 153 +/- 15 microm, p < 0.001, respectively). The CRF group exhibited a marked elevation of MCP-1 vascular expression (2 +/- 0.15 vs 0.6 +/- 0.12 u, p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between MCP-1 vascular expression and its inmunohistochemical deposits (r: 0.98, p < 0.0001). Nitrotyrosin abundance (western blot) was significantly increased in artery of CRF patients (2.1 +/- 0.1 vs 0.42 +/- 0.1 u, p < 0.0001). No significant differences was found in NOS activity between CRF and control groups. However, eNOS expression was greatly increased in the CRF patients (1.73 +/- 0.1 vs 0.67 +/- 0.1 u, p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between nitrotyrosin and eNOS expression and systolic arterial pressure. However, the differences between CRF and control groups persisted after statistically fitting to arterial pressure. The present study demonstrate that in CRF there are arterial preatherosclerotic changes and an increase of vascular nitrotyrosin accumulation, which is the footprint of NO inactivation by ROS. The secondary NO inactivation can, in turn, contribute to eNOS vascular upregulation.


Asunto(s)
Citocinas/metabolismo , Endotelio/enzimología , Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Fallo Renal Crónico/patología , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa/biosíntesis , Tirosina/análogos & derivados , Enfermedades Vasculares/etiología , Enfermedades Vasculares/metabolismo , Vasos Sanguíneos/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tirosina/metabolismo
5.
Neurocirugia (Astur) ; 15(2): 144-50, 2004 Apr.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15159792

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the effect of different therapies -surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy (temozolomide)- on the survival of various groups of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). METHOD: The overall survival of a total of 85 patients with histopathological diagnosis of GBM was analyzed (descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier). Patients were divided into 4 treatment groups: group 1 (n=12), untreated patients (" no treatment" option was chosen by the family); group 2 (n=22), patients undergoing surgery only (retrospective series from the 1980s); group 3 (n=24), patients undergoing surgery + standard radiotherapy (control group, partially effective treatment); group 4 (n=27), patients undergoing surgery + radiotherapy + chemotherapy (temozolomide [TMZ]) (current study group). RESULTS: Mean age (one-way ANOVA) showed no significant difference between the groups. Mean/median survival (weeks) was as follows: group 1, 18/16; group 2, 23/14; group 3, 48/42; group 4, 70/64. The Kaplan-Meier analysis yielded the following 50% survival cutoffs (weeks): group 1, 16.00; group 2, 14.29; group 3, 42.00; group 4, 64.43. This demonstrated a significant difference when radiotherapy (group 3) was added to surgery (group 2) or no treatment (group 1), and a significant difference (p < 0.001) in survival when TMZ (group 4) was added to the so far considered as being the standard treatment (group 3: surgery + radiotherapy). CONCLUSIONS: Surgery alone does not result in a higher survival rate for GBM patients. However, surgery allows to establish a histopathological diagnosis, to improve signs and symptoms which are attributable to intracranial hypertension or tumour topography, and to reduce the number of target cells for adjunctive therapies. Radiotherapy improves survival and TMZ chemotherapy that is given after radiotherapy adds further survival benefit for patients.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central/mortalidad , Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central/terapia , Dacarbazina/análogos & derivados , Dacarbazina/uso terapéutico , Glioblastoma/mortalidad , Glioblastoma/terapia , Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central/radioterapia , Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central/cirugía , Terapia Combinada , Glioblastoma/radioterapia , Glioblastoma/cirugía , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Tasa de Supervivencia , Temozolomida , Factores de Tiempo
6.
An Med Interna ; 19(11): 586-8, 2002 Nov.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12522897

RESUMEN

We describe a case of lung carcinosarcoma in a 70-years-old patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulmonary carcinosarcoma is an unfrequent lung tumor, and usually histologic diagnosis is carried out by microscopic examination of the resected tumor. We observed these situation in our patient that was diagnosed of squamous cell carcinoma before the surgical resection by transthoracic needle aspiration. One month after surgery he developed a lesion in the infranasal area that was identified as a skin metastasis of lung carcinosarcoma. There is no previously reported case of skin metastasis of this rare tumor of the lung, that contain an admixture of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements. Clinical symptoms of pulmonary carcinosarcomas are not different from other lung tumors. The treatment when it is possible is the surgical resection of the tumor. We review histologic, diagnostic and therapeutic features of lung carcinosarcomas.


Asunto(s)
Carcinosarcoma/secundario , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/secundario , Anciano , Carcinosarcoma/cirugía , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirugía , Masculino , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/complicaciones , Neoplasias Cutáneas/cirugía
7.
Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord) ; 123(1): 47-8, 2002.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12201001

RESUMEN

Laryngeal tuberculosis is the most frequent granulomatous disease of the larynx. The disease has changed its behaviour with regard to average age of onset site and type of lesion. Laryngeal tuberculosis is usually secondary to, or at least contemporary with, pulmonary tuberculosis. Other recents studies, however, conclude by accepting a frequency of up to 20% for primary laryngeal tuberculosis. The age of presentation is between 41-50 years. Among the risk factors identified are the consumption of tobacco, alcohol, malnutrition and immunodeficiency. The predominant symptom was dysphonia (90%) either in isolation or accompanied by odynophagia (45%). Today, the ulcero-infiltrative lesions which predominantly affected the posterior larynx are not observed. At the present time the macroscopic appearance corresponds to a diffuse oedema or to a pseudo-tumoral image located in any zone. Any non-specific chronic laryngitis of poor evolution should lead us to suspect a laryngeal tuberculosis.


Asunto(s)
Tuberculosis Laríngea/patología , Adulto , Edad de Inicio , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Disnea/etiología , Edema/etiología , Estudios Epidemiológicos , Femenino , Humanos , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trastornos Nutricionales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/efectos adversos , Tuberculosis Laríngea/diagnóstico , Trastornos de la Voz/etiología
9.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp ; 49(6): 452-4, 1998.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9830219

RESUMEN

A series of 60 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx who underwent surgery of the primary tumor and elective bilateral neck dissection were reviewed to determine the importance of certain clinical and pathological features as risk factors for lymph node metastasis. Tumor location, extension to the vallecula and to the pyriform sinus, T stage, histological grade, palpable lymph nodes, laryngeal motility, and macroscopic aspects were studied. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that T stage, tumor location, and palpable lymph nodes were the most important predictors of lymph node metastases.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/secundario , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Neoplasias Laríngeas/cirugía , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas
10.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp ; 49(6): 455-7, 1998.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9830220

RESUMEN

A histopathological study of regional lymph nodes was made in 50 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in order to evaluate their prognostic significance for survival. Factors related with poor prognosis were presence and number of lymph node metastases and capsule rupture. The presence and grade of sinus histiocytosis was related with survival. In multivariate analysis, the presence of five or more metastatic nodes had an independent influence on survival.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidad , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/secundario , Neoplasias Laríngeas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Laríngeas/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Tasa de Supervivencia
12.
Arch Esp Urol ; 50(7): 750-4, 1997 Sep.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9412379

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To present our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of 4 children with eosinophilic cystitis. METHODS: 4 children (3 boys and 1 girl) with eosinophilic cystitis are described. The mean follow-up since diagnosis was 30 months, the mean age was 7 years and the main symptom was hematuria. The clinical features, etiology, course of the disease, pathological findings and diagnostic methods are reviewed. The definitive diagnosis was established by the pathological findings. None of the patients had a recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of eosinophilic cystitis is exclusively based on the histological findings. There are no clinical or complementary pathognomonic signs. Like most authors, we believe that the immune system plays a decisive role in the appearance of this disease.


Asunto(s)
Cistitis/patología , Eosinofilia/patología , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Cistitis/etiología , Eosinofilia/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos
13.
Neurocir. - Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir ; 19(1): 5-11, ene.-feb. 2008. ilus, tab
Artículo en Es | IBECS (España) | ID: ibc-67962

RESUMEN

Durante los últimos 50 años la quimioterapia (QT)ha jugado un importante papel en el tratamiento del cáncer. Sin embargo, el éxito o fracaso de nuevas drogas para un determinado tipo de cáncer es difícil de predecir. La quimio sensibilidad in vitro es un método atractivo para conocer a priori si ese tumor responderá a una pauta de QT y para determinar la dosis óptima de tratamiento en los enfermos con cáncer. Objetivo. Conocer la sensibilidad de tumores cerebrales frente a determinados fármacos antineoplásicos. Material y métodos. Se ensayaron 5 fármacos diferentes (carmustina, camptotecina, taxol, hidroxiureay tamoxifeno) en los cultivos primarios obtenidos de7 pacientes con glioblastoma multiforme, 15 pacientescon meningiomas y un paciente con medulo blastoma. Para estudiar la quimiosensibilidad se empleó el test del MTT, midiendo la densidad óptica por espectofotometríaa 450 nm. Resultados. Un total de 49 mediciones fueron realizadas, obteniendo 44 curvas dosis-respuesta válidas. Se emplearon concentraciones desde 10-2 M hasta 10-12 M para cada fármaco ensayado, obteniendo IC50 en cada caso como valor representativo de la sensibilidad del tumor a la droga. Conclusiones. El test MTT se muestra válido para medir la quimio sensibilidad in vitro de tumores cerebrales a nuevos fármacos


During last 50 years chemotherapy has played a very important part in the cancer treatment. However succes or failures of news drugs in one particular cancer its difficult to predict. In vitro chemo-sensitivity is an attractive method for knowing about responses of a tumor to ChT treatment and assess the best dose in the patient with cancer. Objective. To know brain tumors sensitivity againstantineoplastic drugs. Methods. Five differents drugs (carmustin, camptotecin, taxol, hydroxyurea and tamoxifen) were tested on short-term cultures from 7 patients with Glioblastoma multiforme, 15 patients with meningiomas and one patient with meduloblastoma. For testing chemosensitivity we used MTT assay, and we measured optic density by spectophotometry to 450 nm. Results. A total of 49 measurement were done, getting44 valids dose-result curves. For each drug we used from 10-2 M to 10-12 M gap, and IC50 result was representative of tumor sensitivity to the drug. Conclusion. our data support MTT assays like valid method for measuring in vitro chemosensitivity in brain tumors to news drugs


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales/métodos , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Glioblastoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Meningioma/tratamiento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética
14.
Oncología (Barc.) ; 29(6): 254-258, jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Artículo en Es | IBECS (España) | ID: ibc-047806

RESUMEN

Propósito: El GIST es un tumor pertenecientea los sarcomas de partes blandas y aunque su localizaciónmás frecuente es el tracto gastrointestinal seha descrito fuera de ésta a pesar de lo cual persisteesa denominación, lo que es, en bastantes casos,motivo de confusión.Material y métodos: Se presenta el caso deun varón de 57 años diagnosticado, en principio, de“tumor de músculo liso de potencial maligno incierto”en base a su localización retroperitoneal. Tras larevisión y determinación de c-kit (CD-117), se hizoel diagnóstico definitivo de “tumor estromal de localizaciónretroperitoneal”.Conclusiones: Proponemos el término menosconfuso de “tumor estromal con fenotipo de célulasintersticiales de Cajal”


Purpose: GIST is a soft tissue sarcoma withpreferential location for the gastrointestinal tract.However, it has been described in extragastrointestinaltissues. The persistence of the denominationmay eventually lead to confusion, because theabbreviation refers to the gastrointestinal tractMaterial and methods: We present the caseof a 57 year old man with initial diagnosis ofsuffering from a “smooth muscle tumor with uncertainmalignant potential”, based on its retroperitoneallocation. After medical examination and c-kit(CD-117) determination, the definitive diagnosis of“stromal tumor of retroperitoneal location” was made.Conclusions: We propose the term “stromaltumor with Cajal’s interstitial cells phenotype”


Asunto(s)
Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Humanos , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/patología , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/patología , Sarcoma de Parte Blanda Alveolar/patología , Pronóstico
20.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 19(11): 586-588, nov. 2002.
Artículo en Es | IBECS (España) | ID: ibc-15768

RESUMEN

Presentamos un caso de carcinosarcoma pulmonar en un paciente de 70 años con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. El carcinosarcoma constituye un tipo histológico muy infrecuente de tumor pulmonar, habitualmente el diagnóstico histológico definitivo se obtiene cuando se realiza el examen microscópico de la pieza de resección. Esta circunstancia fue observada en nuestro paciente que fue diagnosticado de carcinoma epidermoide por punción aspirativa transtorácica previa a la cirugía.Al mes de la resección quirúrgica del tumor pulmonar el paciente desarrolló una lesión en la región infranasal, que fue identificada como metástasis cutánea de carcinosarcoma pulmonar. No existe en la literatura revisada ningún caso de metástasis cutánea de este raro tumor pulmonar, que contiene una mezcla de elementos malignos epiteliales y mesenquimales. Los hallazgos clínicos de los carcinosarcomas pulmonares no difieren sustancialmente de las de otros tumores pulmonares. El tratamiento cuando es posible, consiste en la resección quirúrgica del tumor. Revisamos los hallazgos histológicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos de este tipo de tumor pulmonar (AU)


Asunto(s)
Anciano , Masculino , Humanos , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica , Carcinosarcoma , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Neoplasias Pulmonares
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