Health professionals' perceptions of planned home birth care within the Brazilian health system.

BACKGROUND: The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, in its opinion of the Committee on Midwifery Practice, points out that planned home birth is a woman's and family's right to experience, but also to choose and be informed about, their baby's place of birth. The aim of this study was to understand obstetric nurses' perceptions of planned home childbirth care within the framework of the Brazilian obstetric model. METHOD: A qualitative study, with Snowball Sampling recruitment, totaling 20 obstetric nurses through semi-structured interviews between September 2022 and January 2023, remotely, using the Google Meet application and the recording feature. After the data had been collected, the material was transcribed in full and subjected to content analysis in the thematic modality with the support of ATLAS.ti 8.0 software. RESULTS: Obstetric care at home emerged as a counterpoint to hospital care and the biomedical model, providing care at home based on scientific evidence and humanization, bringing qualified information as a facilitator of access and financial costs as an obstacle to effective home birth. CONCLUSION: Understanding obstetric nurses' perceptions of planned home birth care in the context of the Brazilian obstetric model shows the need for progress as a public policy and for strategies to ensure quality and regulation.

[Women in situation of violence by their intimate partner: making a decision to seek a specialized violence support service]. / Mulheres em situação de violência pelo parceiro íntimo: tomada de decisão por apoio institucional especializado.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the factors involved in the decision making process of women in situation of interpersonal violence perpetrated by an intimate partner in search for domestic violence support services. METHODS: Qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research. Sixteen women were interviewed through individual semi-structured interviews, at a Women's Reference Center in Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data analysis was performed using the technique of collective subject discourse was used. RESULTS: The results showed that these women sought psychosocial support when interpersonal violence reached their limit of tolerance. The group meetings organized by the Reference Center made it possible for these women to recover their self-esteem and confidence and to increase awareness of the need to change their lives and achieve economic autonomy. CONCLUSIONS: In this scenario, by collecting data for the research, the nurses contributed to the promotion of gender equality and women's empowerment, as recommended by the Millennium Development Goals.

[Scientific production on the applicability of phenytoin in wound healing]. / A produção científica acerca da aplicabilidade da fenitoína na cicatrização de feridas.

Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant that has been used in wound healing. The objectives of this study were to describe how the scientific production presents the use ofphenytoinas a healing agent and to discuss its applicability in wounds. A literature review and hierarchy analysis of evidence-based practices was performed. Eighteen articles were analyzed that tested the intervention in wounds such as leprosy ulcers, leg ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, pressure ulcers, trophic ulcers, war wounds, burns, preparation of recipient graft area, radiodermatitis and post-extraction of melanocytic nevi. Systemic use ofphenytoinin the treatment of fistulas and the hypothesis of topical use in the treatment of vitiligo were found. In conclusion, topical use ofphenytoinis scientifically evidenced. However robust research is needed that supports a protocol for the use ofphenytoinas another option of a healing agent in clinical practice.

[Motherhood in the shelter context: the perspectives of sheltered adolescents]. / A maternidade no contexto de abrigamento: concepções das adolescentes abrigadas.

The objective of this study is to describe the understanding that sheltered female adolescents have regarding motherhood and analyze their experience of this process from their perspective, for the purpose of identifying a support structure for young sheltered mothers. This exploratory and qualitative study was performed at two municipal shelters in Rio de Janeiro. The data were collected through focal groups performed with 10 sheltered adolescents. The content analysis of the data revealed two categories: Motherhood in adolescence: the perspective of the sheltered adolescent and Being a mother at the shelter: positive and negative experiences. Being a mother during adolescence is an ambivalent experience for the sheltered adolescents. The shelter is described as a supportive environment, but difficulties still exist in helping them to construct a healthy image of motherhood. There is a need to sensitize the social actors involved in terms of creating intersectoral interventions regarding the context and lifestyles of these youths, which could prevent vulnerability/disaffiliation of mother and child.

Social support networks for women in situation of intimate partner violence.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the possibilities of support that the social support network offers to women in situations of intimate partner violence. METHODS: qualitative research anchored in Sanicola's social network framework. A total of 21 women attended at a specialized social assistance service in Porto Velho-Rondônia, Brazil, participated in a semi-structured interview. RESULTS: the analysis of network maps showed that the secondary social support network mobilized had a central character in the lives of women in situations of violence. These women sought the third sector's secondary network, the churches, from which they received emotional-affective and spiritual support. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: understanding the social network setting and the type of support offered can contribute to improving care for women and strengthening interpersonal and institutional ties that help in the search for breaking the situation of violence.

Women's perception of labor and birth care: obstacles to humanization.

OBJECTIVES: to understand women's perception regarding the care received during labor and birth. METHODS: this is a descriptive-exploratory, qualitative study carried out with 54 postpartum women from hospitals in the Metropolitan Region II of the state of Rio de Janeiro, from January to December 2018, using semi-structured interviews submitted to content analysis. RESULTS: puerperal women's perceptions about the childbirth care they received indicated the use of interventions, such as pressure maneuvers on the uterine fundus during the expulsion period - Kristeller maneuver, episiotomy and repeated vaginal examination and without consent. The use of institutional routines, such as zero diet, horizontal birth and disrespect. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: despite the encouragement of public humanization policies, the technocratic model is still present in obstetric care during childbirth. The humanization of obstetric care requires changes in attitudes and care paradigms, in order to guarantee respect and the right to quality care.

The experience of trans or transvestite women in accessing public health services.

OBJECTIVE: to understand the meanings of being a trans or transvestite woman in the care provided by Unified Health System health professionals. METHODS: qualitative research, guided by Heidegger's phenomenology, with 10 trans or transvestitewomen residing and using the Unified Health System in a municipality in Minas Gerais. Fieldwork was carried out by interviews. RESULTS: trans or transvestitewomen reproduce the social patterns constructed and accepted by the female, with the search for hormonization being common, and, when it is difficult to obtain a prescription, they resort to self-medication. Social name use and acceptance by health professionals promote recognition. Trans or transvestitewomen experience prejudice on a daily basis, not only by professionals, but also because of the assumption of diagnoses by other users. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: transphobia promotes withdrawal from health services, due to fear, shame, knowledge about professionals' unpreparedness, triggering illness, social exclusion and violence.

Social representations of adolescents about sexuality on the internet.

OBJECTIVE: To apprehend the social representations of adolescents about sexuality on the internet. METHOD: Qualitative research, based on the structural approach on the Theory of Social Representations, with adolescents who are users of virtual media and who are students of two state schools. The free word association test was used, whose data were processed by the Evoc® 2005 software and analyzed in the light of the aforementioned theory. RESULTS: A total of 124 adolescents participated in the research. The terms pornography, sexting and violence made up the central nucleus of the representation, signaling the valuation, image and practice dimensions of the investigated object. The similarity analysis confirmed the centrality of the violence element and added virtual dating and pedophilia. CONCLUSION: The social representations of adolescents point to the lack of security in the virtual environment regarding the exercise of sexuality, with predominant values and negative dimensions, which distance themselves from what is established as sexual rights, since adolescents have the right to live and express their sexuality freely.

[Philosophical and theoretical basis for new conceptions of nursing care: contribution of the social poetic]. / Fundamentos filosóficos e teóricos para novas concepções do cuidar em enfermagem: contribuição da sociopoética.

This work identifies the application of the philosophical and theoretical basis of the social poetic in new conceptions of nursing care. Systematic review of 30 research works. Delimited categories: Dialogue in taking care of as technological instrument; To take care of in nursing as not invasive technology. In the new conceptions of to take care the client is considered the main target of the work in health. It was concluded that the social poetic basis were applied disclosing a perspective on the ethics of to take care, translated into respect with the clients and your knowledge for the self care, leads to the autonomy and solidarity between clients and professionals. The social poetic, as research method and social practice, discloses orienting aspects of a new perspective to be developed in nursing take care of.

Sheltered adolescents' background of exposure to violence and distressful experiences.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the exposure to violence and distressful experiences lived by adolescents in institutional shelters in the city of Rio de Janeiro (previous to their admittance). METHODS: a cross-sectional study carried out in public institutional shelter units, with a sample of 72 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years. Data on sociodemographic aspects, family relationships and distressful experiences were obtained by means of the Parcours Amoureux des Jeunes instrument, validated for use in Brazil. Statistical analysis included estimates of prevalence and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: high magnitudes of distressful experiences and overlapping abuses lived by adolescents were observed, especially violent events (72.2%), social exclusion (59.1%), and sexual harassment (48.6%). CONCLUSIONS: the study shows that adolescents under institutional sheltering come from a background of severe and frequent distressful experiences. These took place in multiple environments: family (prior to their institutional reception), community, and group.

The educative practice of professional caregivers at shelters: coping with violence lived by female adolescents.

This study aimed to identify strategies caregiving professionals at shelters discuss and use in care delivery to violence situations lived by female adolescents; and to discuss educative practice as a care technology for coping with violence. Based on qualitative research, the data were produced through interviews with caregivers at a municipal adolescent shelter and were interpreted according to content analysis. The results evidenced individual and institutional strategies for care delivery to the adolescents. In conclusion, educative actions are care technologies in the reframing process of life's value by female adolescents living on the streets or in shelters, considering the cultural diversity - a dialogical action systemized and institutionalized for coping with the violence they experience.

Perception of nursing leadership on the fight against the precariousness of working conditions. / Percepção das lideranças de enfermagem sobre a luta contra a precarização das condições de trabalho.

OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze gender and socioeconomic issues of category workers which interfere in the fight against the precariousness of working conditions within the perception of nursing leaders. METHOD: A descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach conducted at ABEn , Coren , Rio de Janeiro sessions and SindEnfRJ with leaders of work organizations, professionals in leadership positions, including directors or presidents. Individual interviews were conducted, and the data were treated using the content analysis technique. RESULTS: Seventeen (17) class entity leaders participated in the study. In the speeches, female predominance, double working hours, social and cultural origin, professional devaluation, reduced participation in spaces of struggle and bureaucratic labor issues were presented as justifications for the low involvement in labor disputes. CONCLUSION: There is a need for partnerships between the category and the work organizations to mobilize and combat this perverse process through changes in legislation, which is essential to enable maintaining employment, the worker's quality of life, and consequently excellence in the care provided to the population.

Adequacy of prenatal assistance in birth houses and causes associated with hospital transfers. / Adequação da assistência pré-natal em casa de parto e causas associadas com as transferências hospitalares.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the adequacy of prenatal care in a Birth Center and the causes associated with maternal and newborn transfers to the hospital. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of the care provided at the only Birth Center in Rio de Janeiro, from 2009 to 2014. Statistical analyzes were based on the χ2 test and Prevalence Ratio (PR). RESULTS: Suitable prenatal care was predominant (42.8%) and there was no association (p = 0.55) with the transfers. Maternal transfer is caused by the ruptured amniotic sac (PR = 2.09, 95% CI 1.62-2.70) and altered fetal heart rates (PR = 3.06, 95% CI, 2.13-4.39). Newborn transfers are associated with the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid (PR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.30-4.43); Apgar below 7 (PR = 5.33, 95% CI 2.65-10.73); and ventilatory assistance at birth (PR = 9.41, 95% CI 5.52-16.04). CONCLUSION: Complications during intrapartum care are the causes associated with transfers.

Collective prenatal consultation: a new proposal for comprehensive health care.

This article describes the Collective Prenatal Consultation as a new healthcare methodology, which is performed according to government standards, but collectively. Relaxation and sensitization techniques are used, as well as group dynamics, including a collective exam of the pregnant women. The Collective Consultation is carried out in a welcoming environment, which provides clarification and socialization of experiences and information, centered on those women. The healthcare professional records every obstetric parameter and behavior in the patient's prenatal card and history file. Priority is given to the principle of integrality and citizenship, with the aim to break the biomedical care paradigm, thus favoring humanized and comprehensive care to the women.

Gender stereotypes in psychosocial care for female crack and powder cocaine users. / Estereótipos de gênero no cuidado psicossocial das usuárias de cocaína e crack.

The study analyzed health professionals' conceptions toward female users of crack and powder cocaine currently receiving psychosocial care, based on a gender perspective. Seventeen health professionals were interviewed, and systematic observations were made of the spaces for collective care in a Center for Psychosocial Care specializing in alcohol and drug addiction in Greater Metropolitan Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Analysis of the interviews and field diaries using the hermeneutic-dialectic method revealed three categories: frailty as a constitutive attribute of women's condition, the women's emotional addiction to crack and powder cocaine use, and gender stereotypes during psychosocial care. The health professionals voiced a traditional view of the heterosexual, docile, and maternal woman and reproduced stereotypical concepts when addressing female crack and cocaine users as sensitive, frail individuals, emotionally dependent on men and more involved in the home and family. These professionals need a more refined understanding of gender issues in the mental health-disease process in order to allow overcoming preconceived notions and reductionist health care practices.

A presente pesquisa analisou as concepções dos profissionais de saúde sobre as mulheres usuárias de cocaína e crack em processo de cuidado psicossocial baseando-se na perspectiva de gênero. Para tal fim, foram entrevistados 17 profissionais de saúde e procedidas observações sistemáticas nos espaços de cuidado coletivo em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para álcool e drogas da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A análise das entrevistas e diários de campo foi realizada por meio do método hermenêutico-dialético, que revelou três categorias: a fragilidade como atributo constitutivo da condição feminina; a dependência afetiva feminina relacionada com o uso de cocaína e crack; e os estereótipos de gênero no cuidado psicossocial. Os profissionais de saúde expressam a visão tradicional da mulher heterossexual, dócil e maternal, e reproduzem concepções estereotipadas ao considerar as usuárias de cocaína e crack como pessoas sensíveis, frágeis, dependentes afetivamente dos homens e mais envolvidas com o lar e a família. Esses profissionais carecem de uma compreensão mais elaborada sobre as questões de gênero no processo saúde/doença mental, a fim de possibilitar a superação do senso comum e da práxis de cuidado reducionista.

La presente investigación analizó las concepciones de los profesionales de salud sobre las mujeres consumidoras de cocaína y crack en proceso de terapia psicosocial, basándose en la perspectiva de género. Para tal fin, se entrevistaron a diecisiete profesionales de salud y se procedió a realizar observaciones sistemáticas en los espacios de cuidado colectivo en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial para el alcohol y drogas de la Región Metropolitana de Río de Janeiro, Brasil. El análisis de las entrevistas y diarios de campo se realizó mediante el método hermenéutico-dialéctico, que reveló tres categorías: fragilidad como atributo constitutivo de la condición femenina; la dependencia afectiva femenina, relacionada con el uso de cocaína y crack; y los estereotipos de género en el cuidado psicosocial. Los profesionales de salud expresan la visión tradicional de la mujer heterosexual, dócil y maternal, y reproducen concepciones estereotipadas, al considerar a las consumidoras de cocaína y crack como personas sensibles, frágiles, dependientes afectivamente de los hombres y más involucradas en el hogar y la familia. Estos profesionales carecen de una comprensión más sofisticada sobre cuestiones de género en el proceso salud/enfermedad mental, a fin de posibilitar la superación de creencias comunes y de la praxis de cuidados reduccionistas.

Amazon women's motivations to choose planned home childbirth / Motivaciones de mujeres de la región amazónica para elegir parto domiciliario planificado / Motivações de mulheres amazônidas para tomada de decisão do parto domiciliar planejado

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the meanings attributed by Amazon women regarding their motivation grounds to choose planned home childbirth. Method: a research study of a qualitative nature. The study data collection tool consisted of semi-structured interviews with 20 Amazon women who underwent home childbirths between November 2021 and March 2022, through the Snowball Sampling recruitment technique. After data collection, the interviews followed the content analysis criteria. Results: it was observed that qualified information, support networks and groups produce motivation and a feeling for home childbirth, which contribute to breaking away from the hegemonic model in Obstetrics and, thus, to refusing unnecessary interventions resulting from the established medical knowledge that oftentimes culminates in obstetric violence. Safety also emerged as a central factor to experience home childbirth, such as feelings of freedom, courage and empowerment about their choices and wishes. Conclusion: there is convergence with the current demands on positive care regarding respect for women's choice, which, through support and information, are central aspects to ensure assistance according to Amazon women's expectations, in order to break away from the hegemonic model in obstetric care, as home childbirth effectively guarantees their will, which must be heard and respected.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender los significados que atribuyen las mujeres de la región amazónica a sus bases motivadoras para elegir parto domiciliario planificado. Método: investigación de carácter cualitativo. La herramienta de recolección de datos del estudio correspondió a entrevistas semiestructurada con 20 mujeres de la región amazónica que dieron a luz en sus casas entre los meses de noviembre de 2021 y marzo de 2022, por medio de la técnica de reclutamiento Snowball Sampling. Después de recolectar los datos, las entrevistas siguieron los criterios del análisis de contenido. Resultados: se observó que la información calificada y las redes y los grupos de apoyo generan motivación y cierto sentimiento favorable hacia el parto domiciliario, que contribuyen a distanciarse del modelo hegemónico en Obstetricia y, de ese modo, rechazar intervenciones innecesarias resultantes del saber médico instituido que muchas veces culmina en violencia obstétrica. La seguridad también surgió como un factor central para vivir el parto en el domicilio, como ser sentimientos de libertad, coraje y empoderamiento sobre sus elecciones y deseos. Conclusión: se detecta convergencia con las exigencias actuales sobre la atención positiva en términos de respetar las decisiones de las mujeres, las cuales, por medio de apoyo e información, constituyen aspectos centrales para garantizar una asistencia acorde a las expectativas de las mujeres de la región amazónica, a fin de interrumpir el modelo hegemónico en la asistencia obstétrica, puesto que el parto domiciliario garantiza en forma efectiva su voluntad, que debe ser escuchada y respetada.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender os significados das mulheres amazônidas quanto às suas bases motivadoras para tomada de decisão do parto domiciliar planejado. Método: pesquisa de natureza qualitativa. O estudo teve como ferramenta de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada, com 20 mulheres amazônidas que tiveram partos em casa, entre os meses de novembro de 2021 a março de 2022, por intermédio do recrutamento Snowball Sampling. Após a coleta de dados, as entrevistas seguiram os critérios de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: observou-se que a informação qualificada, rede e grupo de apoio produzem motivação e sentimento para o parto domiciliar, que contribuem para romper com o modelo hegemônico na obstetrícia, e, assim, recusar intervenções desnecessárias, resultantes do saber médico instituído que, culmina, muitas vezes, na violência obstétrica. A segurança, também, constituiu um fator central para vivenciar o parto no domicílio, como sentimentos de liberdade, coragem e empoderamento sobre suas escolhas e vontades. Conclusão: há convergência com as demandas atuais sobre o cuidado positivo perante o respeito da tomada de decisão feminina que, por meio do apoio e informação, constituem aspectos centrais para garantir uma assistência conforme as expectativas das mulheres amazônidas, a fim de romper com o modelo hegemônico na assistência obstétrica, visto que o parto em casa garante de forma efetiva a sua vontade, que deve ser ouvida e respeitada.

The experience of trans or transvestite women in accessing public health services / La experiencia de las mujeres trans o travestis en el acceso a los servicios públicos de salud / O vivido de mulheres trans ou travestis no acesso aos serviços públicos de saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the meanings of being a trans or transvestite woman in the care provided by Unified Health System health professionals. Methods: qualitative research, guided by Heidegger's phenomenology, with 10 trans or transvestitewomen residing and using the Unified Health System in a municipality in Minas Gerais. Fieldwork was carried out by interviews. Results: trans or transvestitewomen reproduce the social patterns constructed and accepted by the female, with the search for hormonization being common, and, when it is difficult to obtain a prescription, they resort to self-medication. Social name use and acceptance by health professionals promote recognition. Trans or transvestitewomen experience prejudice on a daily basis, not only by professionals, but also because of the assumption of diagnoses by other users. Final considerations: transphobia promotes withdrawal from health services, due to fear, shame, knowledge about professionals' unpreparedness, triggering illness, social exclusion and violence.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender los significados de ser mujer trans o travesti en la atención brindada por profesionales de salud del Sistema Único de Salud. Métodos: investigación cualitativa, guiada por la fenomenología de Heidegger, con 10 mujeres trans o travestis residentes y usuarias del Sistema Único de Salud en un municipio de Minas Gerais. El trabajo de campo se llevó a cabo mediante entrevistas. Resultados: las mujeres trans o travestis reproducen los patrones sociales construidos y aceptados por la fémina, siendo común la búsqueda de la hormonalización y, cuando es difícil obtener una receta, recurren a la automedicación. El uso y aceptación del nombre social por parte de los profesionales de la salud promueve su reconocimiento. Las mujeres trans o travestis experimentan prejuicios a diario, no solo por parte de los profesionales, sino también por la asunción de diagnósticos por parte de otros usuarios. Consideraciones finales: la transfobia promueve el alejamiento de los servicios de salud, por miedo, vergüenza, conocimiento sobre la falta de preparación de los profesionales, desencadenando enfermedades, exclusión social y violencia.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender os sentidos de ser mulher trans ou travesti nos atendimentos realizados por profissionais de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, norteada pela fenomenologia de Heidegger, com 10 mulheres trans ou travestis residentes e usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde de um município mineiro. Trabalho de campo foi realizado por entrevistas. Resultados: mulheres trans ou travestis reproduzem os padrões sociais construídos e aceitos ao feminino, sendo comum a busca pela hormonização e, havendo dificuldade em obterem a prescrição, recorrem à automedicação. A utilização e a aceitação do nome social pelos profissionais de saúde promovem seu reconhecimento. Mulheres trans ou travestis vivenciam cotidianamente o preconceito, não somente por profissionais, mas também pela suposição de diagnósticos por outros usuários. Considerações finais: a transfobia promove o afastamento dos serviços de saúde, por medo, vergonha, conhecimento sobre o despreparo dos profissionais, desencadeando adoecimento, exclusão social e violência.

A percepção do cuidado centrado na mulher por enfermeiras obstétricas num centro de parto normal / La percepción de los cuidados centrados en la mujer por parte de las enfermeras obstétricas de un centro de parto normal / The perception of woman-centered care by nurse midwives in a normal birth center

Resumo Objetivo compreender a percepção da atuação das enfermeiras obstétricas em relação à assistência às mulheres atendidas em um Centro de Parto Normal. Método estudo descritivo, exploratório e de abordagem qualitativa, com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 enfermeiras obstétricas do Centro de Parto Normal Haydeê Pereira Sena, Pará, Brasil. As entrevistas foram realizadas pelo aplicativo WhatsApp®, na função de videochamada e no período de setembro a novembro de 2020, com a gravação utilizando o aplicativo Cube ACR. Os áudios foram transcritos e submetidos à análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática, com o suporte do software ATLAS.ti 8.0. Resultados a percepção do cuidado atribuído à enfermagem obstétrica se fundamenta no campo da humanização do pré-natal e nas ações de cuidado alinhadas às evidências científicas, fisiológicas e de autonomia da mulher no cuidado obstétrico. Conclusão a enfermagem obstétrica possui como foco a humanização centrada nas evidências do parto, o que fomenta um redesenho da assistência obstétrica.

Resumen Objetivo comprender la percepción de la actuación de las enfermeras obstétricas en relación a la asistencia a las mujeres atendidas en un Centro de Parto Normal. Método estudio descriptivo, exploratorio y con abordaje cualitativo, con la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 11 enfermeras obstétricas del Centro de Parto Normal Haydeê Pereira Sena, Pará, Brasil. Las entrevistas se realizaron utilizando la aplicación móvil WhatsApp®, en la función de videollamada y en el periodo de septiembre a noviembre de 2020, con grabación utilizando la aplicación móvil Cube ACR. Los audios fueron transcriptos y sometidos a análisis de contenido en modo temático, con el soporte del software ATLAS.ti 8.0. Resultados la percepción del cuidado prestado en enfermería obstétrica se fundamenta en el campo de humanización del prenatal y de acciones de cuidado alineadas con la evidencia científica, fisiológicas y de autonomía de la mujer en el cuidado obstétrico. Conclusión la enfermería obstétrica instituye su trabajo con un enfoque de humanización centrado en la evidencia del parto, lo que propicia un rediseño de la atención obstétrica.

Abstract Objective To understand the perception of nurse-midwives' performance regarding the assistance provided to women admitted to a birth center. Method This was a descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach and semi-structured interviews with 11 nurse-midwives from the Haydeê Pereira Sena Birth Center (Pará State, Brazil). The interviews were conducted using the WhatsApp application, via video calls, from September to November 2020 and recorded using the Cube ACR application. The interviews were later transcribed and submitted to content analysis in thematic mode using the ATLAS.ti 8.0 software. Results The perception of care in obstetric nursing is based on humanizing prenatal care and care actions aligned with scientific evidence, physiology, and women's autonomy in obstetric care. Conclusion Obstetric nursing focuses on humanization and is centered on the evidence of childbirth, which encourages redesigning obstetric care.

Ambiente externo da mulher e sífilis congênita à luz da Teoria da Conservação de Levine / External environment of woman and congenital syphilis in the light of Levine´s Conservation Theory / Ambiente externo de la mujer y sífilis congénita a la luz de la Teoría de la Conservación de Levine

Objetivo: discutir os elementos do ambiente externo da mulher com recém-nascido portador de sífilis congênita. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado entre janeiro e março de 2020, com 25 puérperas internadas em uma maternidade estadual da Baixada Fluminense do estado do Rio de Janeiro, em acompanhamento de recém-nascidos com sífilis congênita. Tratamento dos dados realizado por análise temática e discutidos à luz da Teoria da Conservação proposta por Myra Estrin Levine. Protocolo de pesquisa aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: antes e durante a gravidez, o ambiente externo das participantes se caracteriza por baixa escolaridade, desconhecimento acerca da sífilis, violências intrafamiliar e perpetrada por parceiro íntimo, e não tratamento do homem. Conclusão: o acompanhamento pré-natal é um momento privilegiado por aproximar os profissionais das gestantes e oportunizar o reconhecimento dos elementos externos influenciadores dos desfechos maternos e fetais.

Objective: to discuss elements of the external environment of women with newborns with congenital syphilis. Method: this exploratory, qualitative, descriptive study was conducted between January and March 2020 with 25 puerperal women inpatients in follow-up of newborns with congenital syphilis at a Rio de Janeiro state maternity hospital in the Baixada Fluminense. The data were treated by thematic analysis and discussed in the light of the Conservation Theory proposed by Myra Estrin Levine. The research protocol was approved by the research ethics committee. Results: before and during pregnancy, the participants' external environment featured little education, lack of knowledge about syphilis, intra-family violence and violence perpetrated by an intimate partner, and non-treatment of men. Conclusion: antenatal care is an especially favorable setting, because it brings health personnel together with pregnant women and provides opportunities for recognizing external elements that influence maternal and fetal outcomes.

Objetivo: discutir los elementos del ambiente externo de mujeres cuyos recién nacidos tienen sífilis congénita. Método: investigación cualitativa, descriptiva y exploratoria realizada entre enero y marzo de 2020 junto a 25 puérperas hospitalizadas en una maternidad estatal de la Baixada Fluminense del estado de Rio de Janeiro que acompañaban sus recién nacidos con sífilis congénita. Los datos fueron tratados por análisis temático y discutidos a la luz de la Teoría de Conservación propuesta por Myra Estrin Levine. El protocolo de la investigación fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: antes y durante el embarazo, el ambiente externo de las participantes se caracteriza por baja escolaridad, desconocimiento sobre sífilis, violencia intrafamiliar y ejercida por compañero, y ausencia de tratamiento de los hombres. Conclusión: la atención prenatal es un momento privilegiado ya que acerca los profesionales a las embarazadas y permite el reconocimiento de elementos externos que influyen en los desenlaces maternos y fetales.

Social support networks for women in situation of intimate partner violence / Redes sociales de apoyo a mujeres en situación de violencia de pareja / Redes de apoio social às mulheres em situação de violência por parceiro íntimo

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the possibilities of support that the social support network offers to women in situations of intimate partner violence. Methods: qualitative research anchored in Sanicola's social network framework. A total of 21 women attended at a specialized social assistance service in Porto Velho-Rondônia, Brazil, participated in a semi-structured interview. Results: the analysis of network maps showed that the secondary social support network mobilized had a central character in the lives of women in situations of violence. These women sought the third sector's secondary network, the churches, from which they received emotional-affective and spiritual support. Final Considerations: understanding the social network setting and the type of support offered can contribute to improving care for women and strengthening interpersonal and institutional ties that help in the search for breaking the situation of violence.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar las posibilidades de apoyo que ofrece la red de apoyo social a las mujeres en situación de violencia de pareja. Métodos: investigación cualitativa, anclada en el marco de la red social de Sanicola. Participaron 21 mujeres atendidas en un servicio de asistencia social especializado en Porto Velho-Rondônia, Brasil, que respondieron a una entrevista semiestructurada. Resultados: el análisis de los mapas de redes mostró que la red de apoyo social secundaria movilizada tuvo un carácter central en la vida de las mujeres en situación de violencia. Estas mujeres buscaron la red secundaria del tercer sector, las iglesias, de donde recibieron apoyo emocional-afectivo y espiritual. Consideraciones Finales: comprender la configuración de la red social y el tipo de apoyo ofrecido puede contribuir para la mejora de la atención a la mujer y el fortalecimiento de lazos interpersonales e institucionales que ayuden en la búsqueda de ruptura de la situación de violencia.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as possibilidades de suporte que a rede de apoio social oferece às mulheres em situação de violência por parceiro íntimo. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, ancorada no referencial de rede social de Sanicola. Participaram 21 mulheres atendidas em um serviço especializado de assistência social de Porto Velho-Rondônia, Brasil, que responderam à entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: a análise dos mapas de redes mostrou que a rede de apoio social secundária mobilizada teve um caráter central na vida da mulher em situação de violência. Essas mulheres buscaram a rede secundária de terceiro setor, as igrejas, das quais receberam suporte emocional-afetivo e espiritual. Considerações Finais: a compreensão da configuração da rede social e do tipo de apoio ofertado pode contribuir para a melhoria do cuidado à mulher e fortalecimento dos laços interpessoais e institucionais que auxiliam na busca do rompimento da situação de violência.