[Risk factors associated with mental health issues in adolescents: a integrative review]. / Fatores de risco associados a problemas de saúde mental em adolescentes: revisão integrativa.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors associated with mental health issues in adolescents. METHOD: An integrative review was conducted in four databases with publications from 2007 to 2013. The terms Adolescent and Mental Health were used to search adequate articles as DeCs/MeSH bases. RESULTS: Publications were found in different journals in different fields of knowledge and the quantitative research was the most frequent. The mental health issues were categorized as individual factors; drug related factors, school factors, family factors, social factors and STDs/Aids related factors. The most addressed category was individual factors, with 23 publications. CONCLUSION: The integrative review allowed to point important questions to be addressed in preventive actions by the health professional, including the nurse, to create a space that works with risk conditioning factors in adolescents for mental health aggravation.

[Translation and validation of the Partner Communication Scale - Brazilian version with female teenagers]. / Tradução e validação da escala Partner Communication Scale - versão brasileira com adolescentes do sexo feminino.

This study aimed to describe the process of adaptation and validation of the Partner Communication Scale with female adolescents in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. This methodological research, with a quantitative approach, was conducted with 313 adolescent, aged 14-18 years who had already lost their virginity. The transcultural adaptation process was performed by using translation, back translation, evaluation of the translations by a committee of judges, and testing of the final-draft version. The scale was administered with a sociodemographic questionnaire including sexual and reproductive variables, from November 2010 to January 2011. The reliability was assessed by the Cronbach's alpha (0.86), which demonstrated that it can be successfully applied in the setting of primary health care, during nurse consultations. Moreover, the scale allows for the identification of factors that hinder or facilitate communication, especially concerning sexually transmitted diseases. The scale is an adequate way to verify communication between sexual partners in adolescence.

Factors associated with older adults' knowledge, attitude and practice on skin cancer prevention.

OBJECTIVES: to identify factors associated with older adults' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding skin cancer prevention. METHODS: this is a cross-sectional study, carried out with 120 older adults from a Basic Health Unit in Quixadá, Ceará, from September to November 2018. RESULTS: individuals aged 60 to 69 years and working were statistically associated with adequate knowledge (p=0.038). Having light skin, eyes and hair was associated with adequate attitude (p=0.030). Having skin problems, such as bleeding wounds, was associated with adequate practice (p=0.016). With regard to inappropriate behavior for skin cancer prevention, there was a statistically significant association between working or having worked under direct exposure to the sun, inadequate knowledge (p=0.036), inadequate attitude (p=0.010) and having incomplete primary education and inadequate practice (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: sociodemographic and clinical factors influence older adults' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding skin cancer prevention.

[Food safety and the use of regional foods: the validation of a serial album]. / Segurança alimentar e uso de alimentos regionais: validação de um álbum seriado.

The objective of the study was to validate the content and appearance of a serial album created for the promotion of food safety and utilizing regional foods. This methodological study was performed with 12 judges between April and June of 2010, who analyzed pictures and discussion cards from the serial album in terms of the appearance (clarity/comprehension) and content (relevance) validity. Regarding the appearance validation of the pictures, clarity and comprehensibility ranged between 83.3% and 100%; regarding the discussion cards, 91.6% of the judges considered them to be comprehensible. The Global Content Validity Index was 0.95 for the pictures and 0.98 for the discussion cards. Therefore, the serial album is considered to be a valuable new educational tool, validated for use by nursing professionals in child care and aiming at the promotion of children's health.

Health inequalities among homeless adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: highlight health inequalities of homeless adolescents based on the conceptual framework of social determinants of health. METHOD: this is a convergent parallel mixed-methods study. The population consisted of adolescents who are homeless, with purposeful sampling and data saturation. Quantitative data were obtained with a questionnaire and qualitative data through semi-structured interviews. RESULTS: 19 homeless adolescents participated in the study, 13 (68.4%) aged 16 to 19 years; 11 (57.9%) were male, 3 (15.8%) were female, and 5 (26.3%) were transgender adolescents. Participants experienced different levels of exposure and vulnerabilities to conditions that affect health and were directly related to intermediate determinants of health. CONCLUSION: this study provides an understanding of the inequalities related to the health of homeless adolescents and shows evidence that supports strategies to promote equity and dignity in health care. KEYPOINTS: (1) Contribute with strategies towards equal access to health services and dignity in adolescent care. (2) Understand the health needs of homeless adolescents. (3) Reflect on adolescent health care. (4) Support the health system and reduce health inequities.

School Nursing Guide for student health promotion: construction and validity.

OBJECTIVES: to describe the process of construction and validity of a School Nursing Guide for student health promotion. METHODS: a methodological study, carried out from February to December 2021, composed of Convergent Care Research based on Pender's Health Promotion Model. Based on the literature and dialogue with 11 nurses in the seven online focus groups, actions were constructed. Subsequently, 24 judges assessed content and appearance. RESULTS: the guide proposes strategies for developing school nursing practices focusing on health promotion. The Appearance Validity Index ranged from 0.63 to 1.0, and the total was 0.84. The Content Validity Index ranged from 0.95 to 1.0, and the total was 0.997. CONCLUSIONS: the guide incorporated the needs of young people recognized by professionals, and the assessment phase confirms its validity, and can be used in the context of practice with young people.

[Juvenile obesity with a focus on health promotion: integrative review]. / Obesidade juvenil com enfoque na promoção da saúde: revisão integrativa.

This integrative review summarizes nursing researches that contribute to study juvenile obesity with a focus on health promotion. 20 articles were identified in a bibliographical survey that followed the criteria: date, language, and the descriptors: nursing, adolescent, obesity and health promotion. The Pediatric Nursing Journal published seven of these papers (35%). Indexed papers were published in the last ten years in Portuguese and English. Results showed the construction of scientific knowledge in nursing that developed health promotion strategies in cases of juvenile obesity, thus contributing to the development of the profession. Showing the cumulative risk that juvenile obesity presents of turning subjects into obese adults is a precious resource to plan nursing actions for this population, and for these actions to achieve effective results.

[Health promotion in the religious scenario: opportunities for nursing care]. / Promoção da saúde no cenário religioso: possibilidades para o cuidado de enfermagem.

This was a qualitative study of the documentary type carried out in the first half of 2008, and it aimed to describe the practices of health promotion developed in the religious scenario in a city in the countryside of Ceará, Brazil. Information were collected through audio-taped interviews with the priest in charge of the parish and the three coordinators of projects linked to the Catholic Church, selected by the identification of projects with the priest. The results show that promotion and health education are present in the activities developed by volunteers in the religious scenario. The church seeks to change attitudes and to promote the adoption of healthy behavior by individuals, through individual and collective actions. There is an urgent need to insert healthcare professionals in this scenario, strengthening it as a social support, gradually reducing the assistential activities and intensifying those aimed at health promotion with the support of nursing, in order to improve healthcare in this scenario.

Reflections on nursing and COVID-19 in light of health education.

OBJECTIVE: To reflect on the nursing and pandemic of COVID-19 considering health education, health promotion, and the Ottawa Charter action areas. METHODS: A theoretical-reflexive study on health education and health promotion concepts and the areas of action presented in the Ottawa Charter. RESULTS: Educational actions are present in the contexts of epidemics and pandemics, as well as in the work of nurses, who need to be increasingly based on dialogue and individual and collective empowerment to enable users to adopt healthy and preventive behaviors - in this case, concerning COVID19. However, this professional needs effective and efficient public policy actions and measures based on scientific assumptions of health promotion. Final considerations: The actions of health education need to be increasingly valued because knowledge can be considered the first "vaccine" to combat any pandemic.

Actions to prevent sexual violence against adolescents: an integrative literature review.

OBJECTIVE: to identify actions to prevent adolescent sexual violence. METHOD: an integrative literature review of five databases, Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Lilacs, Bdenf, Cinahl using the following descriptors "adolescent" "adolescence" "youth" "primary prevention" "prevention" "primary" "sexual violence", plus the Boolean operators AND and OR, with a final sample of 24 articles; the evidence was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. RESULTS: the review identifies different structures of the study object, classified in the categories "Interventions with programs created by authors" and "Interventions with standard programs". CONCLUSION: there are actions to prevent sexual violence against adolescents; the participants' knowledge was assessed immediately after the intervention, but the assessment of the participants' acquisition of habits and behavioral changes was to a lesser extent; health prevention is crucial for society's healthy development, which demonstrates that its applicability in the environment directly favors human health.

Training on intravenous medication administration in pediatric nursing: a before-after study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of training on intravenous medication administration in pediatric patients on nursing staff 's learning and response. METHOD: This is a quasi-experimental study (pre- and post-test), with 38 nursing professionals who participated in training on administration of intravenous (IV) medication in pediatric patients with heart disease. For data collection, a questionnaire with 19 items was applied to evaluate participants' learning before (pre-test) and after (post-test) training. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics (binomial and Friedman tests). RESULTS: Nurses predominated (52.6%), mean age 41.2 years and 9.8 years of professional experience in pediatrics. For learning evaluation, there was an increase in the rate of hits from the pre-test to the post-test in 13 items, with a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the items: removing adornments to sanitize hands; wearing gloves when administering medication; administering medication with gloves, mask and goggles; and checking patient name by asking their companion. CONCLUSION: Training had positive effects on nursing professionals' learning and reaction.

Nursing training on the administration of medication in pediatrics: an assessment of observed and self-reported behavior.

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the effect of a training program on the administration of intravenous drugs in pediatric patients on the observed and self-reported behavior of the nursing team. METHODS: evaluation study carried out with 38 professionals during three phases: Assessment of the behavior observed in the actions performed before training; Training implementation; and Assessment of observed and self-reported behaviors (immediately and six months after training). RESULTS: in the observed behavior, there was an improvement in six (6/12) hand hygiene actions; five (5/14) pertaining to environment Organization, selection, and preparation of materials; and in seven (7/10) referring to the Orientation of the procedure, administration and monitoring of the patient's reactions. In self-reported behavior, there was an improvement in two (2/8) actions. CONCLUSIONS: the training resulted in an improvement in the actions of nursing professionals related to the administration of intravenous medications, both in observed and in self-reported behavior.

Impact of the Peace Agreement on the social determinants of health in Colombia.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the impact of the Colombian Peace Agreement on the structural social determinants of health. METHODS: a descriptive, ecological study, based on documentary data from 2008 to 2018. The records of victims, epidemiological indicators, and structural social determinants of health in Colombia were analyzed. RESULTS: there was a correlation between the period in which the Peace Agreement process was developed and the indicators of structural determinants in health with p<0.05. With the Poisson regression analysis, the favorable correlations between the peace process and the determinants were confirmed, besides allowing the understanding of the changes in these indicators before the Peace Agreement. CONCLUSIONS: the implementation of the peace process has a positive impact on structural social determinants of health, which is observed by the beginning of the decrease of economic, educational, health, and social inequalities and inequities, a fact that offers the possibility of living in peace.

[Skills development: strategy for health promotion and prevention of pregnancy in adolescence]. / Desenvolvimento de habilidades: estratégia de promoção da saúde e prevenção da gravidez na adolescência.

Working with the development of skills in sexual and reproductive health of adolescents from the perspective of health promotion for the prevention of the precocious pregnancy is a challenge to the nurse. To attend the group on psychosocial and biological transformation, we must consider their particular demands and growth for the protagonists: nurse and adolescent. The study aims to analyze the practice of the nurse in the prevention of the precocious pregnancy in view of skills development. This is a descriptive and exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, developed in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, using the technique of the focal group, whose analysis was performed by means of discursive practices and maps of association of ideas. The results revealed that the promotion of adolescent health is worked out in the nursing consultation and adolescents groups, being this a creative, appropriate interactive space for the development of skills regarding sexuality and the prevention of precocious pregnancy.

[Perception of risk of school adolescents in relation to alcohol consumption and sexual behavior]. / Percepção de risco de adolescentes escolares na relação consumo de álcool e comportamento sexual.

Alcohol use has been a major precipitating cause of situations of vulnerability in adolescence. The study aims to analyze the risk perception about the relationship of adolescent alcohol use and sexual behavior. The subjects were ten adolescents between 14 and 19, students from a public school in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Exploratory and descriptive qualitative approach based on the technique of focus group and systematized by means of five workshops. Teenagers recognize the risk between alcohol consumption and sexual behavior and emphasize that drinking facilitates the relations between sexual peers and indicate the influence of media in this process. The perception of adolescents and their relation to alcohol abuse and its consequences is particularly relevant to the implementation of public policies for preventing and fighting alcohol consumption at this stage of growth and development.

[Environmental education and nursing: a necessary integration]. / Educação ambiental e enfermagem: uma integração necessária.

Environmental issue should be discussed in educational actions, because this debate leads people to reflect on what is ecologically healthy. It was aimed to reflect on Health promotion, Environmental education and Nursing. This is a reflexive study on environmental health in three groups: Promotion of environmental and human health; Educational actions in Environmental health; and Nursing and Health education. It was verified that environmental education is a theme that includes human well-being, being necessary actions of health promotion that qualify individual and community to practice their empowerment and autonomy.

The south american context of diagnostic disclosure of adolescents infected by HIV/AIDS: a systematic literature review.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the scientific evidence on the disclosure of the diagnostic of adolescents infected by HIV/AIDS in the South American context. DATABASE: Systematic literature review using the PubMed, Cinahal, Embase, Cochrane, BVS, and Global Health databases and the descriptors: adolescent and HIV and family and Argentina or Bolivia or Brasil or Chile or Colombia or Ecuador or French Guiana or Paraguay or Peru or Uruguay or Venezuela. DATA SYNTHESIS: Brasil was the country highlighted. It was verified that parents have a direct and indirect influence over the adolescents' life, especially regarding behaviors and health care. Dialog among family members can reduce adolescents' vulnerability to HIV and encourage diagnostic disclosure. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to amplify research involving adolescents with HIV/AIDS and their parents/caregivers and family members to improve care and reduce the cases of the disease. It is suggested that policies of prevention and treatment should involve families, caregivers, partners, and the community.

Adolescents in situations of poverty: resilience and vulnerabilities to sexually transmitted infections.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between vulnerabilities to Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs/HIV/AIDS) of adolescents in poverty and their level of resilience. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with 287 students between 11 and 17 years old in a school in the outskirts of Fortaleza-Ce. The study was conducted from August to October 2016. Three instruments related to characterization, vulnerability to STIs/HIV/AIDS and resilience were used. The association between the instruments was calculated using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Association between vulnerability to STIs/HIV/AIDS and resilience was assessed through the Spearman's correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: There was a significant association between the factors "housing" (p=0.022), "family income" (p=0.037) and vulnerability to STIs/HIV/AIDS. Adolescents whose father has completed high school (p=0.043) have moderately high resilience. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with low socioeconomic status and who live on less than a minimum wage tends to be more susceptible to vulnerabilities to STIs/HIV/AIDS and to have low resilience.

Digital technologies for promotion of healthy eating habits in teenagers.

OBJECTIVE: Identify and analyze the scientific literature on digital technologies for promotion of healthy eating habits in teenagers. METHOD: Integrative review of articles published in English and Spanish, available in full on four databases. The descriptors used were (Adolescent health) OR (Teen health) AND (Healthy diet) OR (Healthy eating) AND (Educational technology) OR (Instructional technology), respectively, from which eight articles were selected. RESULTS: Among the studies included, three were digital games; two web-based nutrition interventions; two using online programs to prevent obesity; and one nutritional advice using multimedia. They showed experiences of digital technology and its effects on knowledge improvement and/or behavior of participants when developing healthy eating habits. CONCLUSION: Digital technologies are innovative tools present in the lives of teenagers, with the possibility of being used for education and promotion of healthy eating, contributing to the empowerment of the subject for his/her self-care.

Social determinants of health and vulnerabilities to sexually transmitted infections in adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the association between social determinants of health and the vulnerability of adolescents to Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). METHOD: Cross-sectional study, performed with 287 students aged 11 to 17 years, in the outskirts of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from August do September 2016. Two instruments were used, one destined to social determinants of health and another to investigating the vulnerability to STIs. The magnitude of associations was expressed through odds ratio and interval of confidence, considering a 5% significance level. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Ceará. RESULTS: 212 (73.9%) adolescents were considered more vulnerable, with a score ≥ 4. The intermediate social determinant "housing (home ownership)" obtained significant association with with the vulnerability to STIs (p of 0.022; CI 1.1 to 3.3; OR 1.9). CONCLUSION: The intermediate social determinant "type of housing" influences the vulnerability to STAs.