RESUMEN
Phytochemical investigation of corn silk resulted in isolation and characterization of four flavone C-glycosides, chrysoeriol 6-C-ß-oliopyranosyl-7-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (1: ), 3'-methoxycassiaoccidentalin A (2: ), chrysoeriol 6-C-ß-boivinopyranosyl-7-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (3: ), and ax-4â³-OH-3'-methoxymaysin (4: ), a triterpenoid, friedelin (5: ), two sterols, (22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3ß-ol (6: ) and 6ß-hydroxystigmasta-4,22-diene-3-one (7: ), and a mixture of ß-sitosterol and stigmasterol. Compounds 1: and 2: were previously undescribed. Structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was attained using spectral data including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS. Compounds1, 2, 5: , and 6: inhibited iNOS activity in LPS-induced macrophages and decreased nitrite levels by 68.64 ± 4.46, 65.67 ± 6.47, 88.50 ± 0.50, and 94.00 ± 4.00%, respectively, at 50 µM. Compound 5: also showed inhibition of NF-κB (51.00 ± 1.50%). Compounds 1: and 2: induced NAG-1 activity in chondrocytes by 1.80 ± 0.05 and 2.00 ± 0.13 fold, respectively. The extract of corn silk, however, did not exhibit inhibition of iNOS or NF-κB but induced NAG-1 by 1.80 ± 0.51 fold.
Asunto(s)
Fitosteroles , Zea mays , Antiinflamatorios/química , Estructura Molecular , FN-kappa B , SedaRESUMEN
Salvia mellifera, native to California, Baja California, and Mexico, is a medicinal herb traditionally used to relieve pain, body aches, including chronic pain. A detailed phytochemical investigation of aerial parts of S. mellifera was accomplished to find species-specific markers and to differentiate the closely related, often (un)intentionally substituted with S. apiana. A total of 22 metabolites, including flavonoids (1-14), triterpenoids (15-18), diterpenoids (19-21), and phenylpropanoid (22), were isolated and characterized thoroughly. Among the isolates, eupatorin 3'-O-glucopyranoside (1) was identified as undescribed phytochemical and detailed structure elucidation was achieved through extensive NMR and mass spectral data analysis.