RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study sought to evaluate the impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on the risk of perioperative and long-term mortality after mitral valve replacement. METHODS: Databases were researched for studies published until December 2018. Main outcomes of interest were perioperative and 10-year mortality and echocardiographic parameters. RESULTS: The research yielded 2,985 studies for inclusion. Of these, 16 articles were analyzed, and their data extracted. The total number of patients included was 10,239, who underwent mitral valve replacement. The incidence of prosthesis-patient mismatch after mitral valve replacement was 53.7% (5,499 with prosthesis-patient mismatch and 4,740 without prosthesis-patient mismatch). Perioperative (OR 1.519; 95%CI 1.194-1.931, P<0.001) and 10-year (OR 1.515; 95%CI 1.280-1.795, P<0.001) mortality was increased in patients with prosthesis-patient mismatch. Patients with prosthesis-patient mismatch after mitral valve replacement had higher systolic pulmonary artery pressure and transprosthethic gradient and lower indexed effective orifice area and left ventricle ejection fraction. CONCLUSION: Prosthesis-patient mismatch increases perioperative and long-term mortality. Prosthesis-patient mismatch is also associated with pulmonary hypertension and depressed left ventricle systolic function. The findings of this study support the implementation of surgical strategies to prevent prosthesis-patient mismatch in order to decrease mortality rates.
Asunto(s)
Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/mortalidad , Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Válvula Mitral/cirugía , Falla de Prótesis , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Periodo Perioperatorio/mortalidad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/mortalidad , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) on the risk of perioperative, early-, mid- and long-term mortality rates after surgical aortic valve replacement. METHODS: Databases were searched for studies published until March 2018. The main outcomes of interest were perioperative mortality, 1-year mortality, 5-year mortality and 10-year mortality. RESULTS: The search yielded 3761 studies for inclusion. Of these, 70 articles were analysed, and their data were extracted. The total number of patients included was 108 182 who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement. The incidence of PPM after surgical aortic valve replacement was 53.7% (58 116 with PPM and 50 066 without PPM). Perioperative mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.491, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.302-1.707; P < 0.001], 1-year mortality (OR 1.465, 95% CI 1.277-1.681; P < 0.001), 5-year mortality (OR 1.358, 95% CI 1.218-1.515; P < 0.001) and 10-year mortality (OR 1.534, 95% CI 1.290-1.825; P < 0.001) were increased in patients with PPM. Both severe PPM and moderate PPM were associated with increased risk of perioperative mortality, 1-year mortality, 5-year mortality and 10-year mortality when analysed together and separately, although we observed a higher risk in the group with severe PPM. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate/severe PPM increases perioperative, early-, mid- and long-term mortality rates proportionally to its severity. The findings of this study support the implementation of surgical strategies to prevent PPM in order to decrease mortality rates.
Asunto(s)
Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas , Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Falla de Prótesis , Estenosis de la Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/mortalidad , HumanosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) on the risk of early-term mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). METHODS: Databases (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online [MEDLINE], Excerpta Medica dataBASE [EMBASE], Cochrane Controlled Trials Register [CENTRAL/CCTR], ClinicalTrials.gov, Scientific Electronic Library Online [SciELO], Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences [LILACS], and Google Scholar) were searched for studies published until February 2019. PPM after TAVI was defined as moderate if the indexed effective orifice area (iEOA) was between 0.85 cm2/m2 and 0.65 cm2/m2 and as severe if iEOA ≤ 0.65 cm2/m2. RESULTS: The search yielded 1,092 studies for inclusion. Of these, 18 articles were analyzed, and their data extracted. The total number of patients included who underwent TAVI was 71,106. The incidence of PPM after TAVI was 36.3% (25,846 with PPM and 45,260 without PPM). One-year mortality was not increased in patients with any PPM (odds ratio [OR] 1.021, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.979-1.065, P=0.338) neither in those with moderate PPM (OR 0.980, 95% CI 0.933-1.029, P=0.423). Severe PPM was separately associated with high risk (OR 1.109, 95% CI 1.041-1.181, P=0.001). CONCLUSION: The presence of severe PPM after TAVI increased early-term mortality. Although moderate PPM seemed harmless, the findings of this study cannot not rule out the possibility of it being detrimental, since there are other registries that did not address this issue yet.
Asunto(s)
Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Falla de Prótesis/efectos adversos , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/efectos adversos , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/mortalidad , Humanos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Insuficiencia del TratamientoRESUMEN
Prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is an issue that has been overlooked (not to say neglected). Cardiac surgeons must bear in mind that this is a real problem that we must tackle. The purpose of this paper is to be a wake-up call to the surgical community by giving a brief overview of what PPM is, its incidence and impact on the outcomes. We also discuss the increasing role played by imaging for predicting and assessing PPM after SAVR (with which surgeons must become more acquainted) and, finally, we present some options to avoid PPM after the surgical procedure.
Asunto(s)
Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Falla de Prótesis/efectos adversos , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/efectos adversos , Humanos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/diagnóstico por imagen , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/mortalidad , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/mortalidad , Insuficiencia del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether there is any difference on the results of patients treated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of ischemic heart failure (HF). METHODS: Databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register [CENTRAL/CCTR], ClinicalTrials.gov, Scientific Electronic Library Online [SciELO], Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde [LILACS], and Google Scholar) were searched for studies published until February 2019. Main outcomes of interest were mortality, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and stroke. RESULTS: The search yielded 5,775 studies for inclusion. Of these, 20 articles were analyzed, and their data were extracted. The total number of patients included was 54,173, and those underwent CABG (N=29,075) or PCI (N=25098). The hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality (HR 0.763; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.678-0.859; P<0.001), myocardial infarction (HR 0.481; 95% CI 0.365-0.633; P<0.001), and repeat revascularization (HR 0.321; 95% CI 0.241-0.428; P<0.001) were lower in the CABG group than in the PCI group. The HR for stroke showed no statistically significant difference between the groups (random effect model: HR 0.879; 95% CI 0.625-1.237; P=0.459). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis found that CABG surgery remains the best option for patients with ischemic HF, without increase in the risk of stroke.
Asunto(s)
Puente de Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/cirugía , Isquemia Miocárdica/cirugía , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiología , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/efectos adversos , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Metaanálisis como Asunto , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto , Isquemia Miocárdica/mortalidad , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/mortalidad , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Literatura de Revisión como Asunto , Accidente Cerebrovascular/mortalidad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to analyze whether patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure reduces the risk of stroke, assessing also some safety outcomes after the publication of a new trial. INTRODUCTION: The clinical benefit of closing a PFO has been an open question, so it is necessary to review the current state of published medical data in regards to this subject. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL/CCTR, SciELO, LILACS, Google Scholar and reference lists of relevant articles were used to search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported any of the following outcomes: stroke, death, major bleeding or atrial fibrillation. Six studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria and included 3560 patients (1889 for PFO closure and 1671 for medical therapy. RESULTS: The risk ration (RR) for stroke in the "closure" group compared with the "medical therapy" showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, favouring the "closure" group (RR 0.366; 95%CI 0.171-0.782, P=0.010). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the safety outcomes, death and major bleeding, but we observed an increase in the risk of atrial fibrillation in the "closure" group (RR 4.131; 95%CI 2.293-7.443, P<0.001). We also observed that the larger the proportion of effective closure, the lower the risk of stroke. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis found that stroke rates are lower with percutaneously implanted device closure than with medical therapy alone, being these rates modulated by the rates of hypertension, atrial septal aneurysm and effective closure. The publication of a new trial did not change the scenario in the medical literature.
Asunto(s)
Foramen Oval Permeable/cirugía , Accidente Cerebrovascular/prevención & control , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Foramen Oval Permeable/complicaciones , Humanos , Medición de Riesgo , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiologíaRESUMEN
Abstract Objective: This study sought to evaluate the impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on the risk of perioperative and long-term mortality after mitral valve replacement. Methods: Databases were researched for studies published until December 2018. Main outcomes of interest were perioperative and 10-year mortality and echocardiographic parameters. Results: The research yielded 2,985 studies for inclusion. Of these, 16 articles were analyzed, and their data extracted. The total number of patients included was 10,239, who underwent mitral valve replacement. The incidence of prosthesis-patient mismatch after mitral valve replacement was 53.7% (5,499 with prosthesis-patient mismatch and 4,740 without prosthesis-patient mismatch). Perioperative (OR 1.519; 95%CI 1.194-1.931, P<0.001) and 10-year (OR 1.515; 95%CI 1.280-1.795, P<0.001) mortality was increased in patients with prosthesis-patient mismatch. Patients with prosthesis-patient mismatch after mitral valve replacement had higher systolic pulmonary artery pressure and transprosthethic gradient and lower indexed effective orifice area and left ventricle ejection fraction. Conclusion: Prosthesis-patient mismatch increases perioperative and long-term mortality. Prosthesis-patient mismatch is also associated with pulmonary hypertension and depressed left ventricle systolic function. The findings of this study support the implementation of surgical strategies to prevent prosthesis-patient mismatch in order to decrease mortality rates.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Falla de Prótesis , Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/mortalidad , Válvula Mitral/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/mortalidad , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Periodo Perioperatorio/mortalidadRESUMEN
Abstract Prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is an issue that has been overlooked (not to say neglected). Cardiac surgeons must bear in mind that this is a real problem that we must tackle. The purpose of this paper is to be a wake-up call to the surgical community by giving a brief overview of what PPM is, its incidence and impact on the outcomes. We also discuss the increasing role played by imaging for predicting and assessing PPM after SAVR (with which surgeons must become more acquainted) and, finally, we present some options to avoid PPM after the surgical procedure.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Falla de Prótesis/efectos adversos , Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/efectos adversos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/mortalidad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/diagnóstico por imagen , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores de Riesgo , Insuficiencia del Tratamiento , Medición de Riesgo , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/mortalidadRESUMEN
Abstract Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) on the risk of early-term mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Methods: Databases (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online [MEDLINE], Excerpta Medica dataBASE [EMBASE], Cochrane Controlled Trials Register [CENTRAL/CCTR], ClinicalTrials.gov, Scientific Electronic Library Online [SciELO], Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences [LILACS], and Google Scholar) were searched for studies published until February 2019. PPM after TAVI was defined as moderate if the indexed effective orifice area (iEOA) was between 0.85 cm2/m2 and 0.65 cm2/m2 and as severe if iEOA ≤ 0.65 cm2/m2. Results: The search yielded 1,092 studies for inclusion. Of these, 18 articles were analyzed, and their data extracted. The total number of patients included who underwent TAVI was 71,106. The incidence of PPM after TAVI was 36.3% (25,846 with PPM and 45,260 without PPM). One-year mortality was not increased in patients with any PPM (odds ratio [OR] 1.021, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.979-1.065, P=0.338) neither in those with moderate PPM (OR 0.980, 95% CI 0.933-1.029, P=0.423). Severe PPM was separately associated with high risk (OR 1.109, 95% CI 1.041-1.181, P=0.001). Conclusion: The presence of severe PPM after TAVI increased early-term mortality. Although moderate PPM seemed harmless, the findings of this study cannot not rule out the possibility of it being detrimental, since there are other registries that did not address this issue yet.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Falla de Prótesis/efectos adversos , Prótesis Valvulares Cardíacas/efectos adversos , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/efectos adversos , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/mortalidad , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores de Riesgo , Insuficiencia del Tratamiento , Medición de RiesgoRESUMEN
Abstract Objective: To evaluate whether there is any difference on the results of patients treated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of ischemic heart failure (HF). Methods: Databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register [CENTRAL/CCTR], ClinicalTrials.gov, Scientific Electronic Library Online [SciELO], Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde [LILACS], and Google Scholar) were searched for studies published until February 2019. Main outcomes of interest were mortality, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and stroke. Results: The search yielded 5,775 studies for inclusion. Of these, 20 articles were analyzed, and their data were extracted. The total number of patients included was 54,173, and those underwent CABG (N=29,075) or PCI (N=25098). The hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality (HR 0.763; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.678-0.859; P<0.001), myocardial infarction (HR 0.481; 95% CI 0.365-0.633; P<0.001), and repeat revascularization (HR 0.321; 95% CI 0.241-0.428; P<0.001) were lower in the CABG group than in the PCI group. The HR for stroke showed no statistically significant difference between the groups (random effect model: HR 0.879; 95% CI 0.625-1.237; P=0.459). Conclusion: This meta-analysis found that CABG surgery remains the best option for patients with ischemic HF, without increase in the risk of stroke.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Isquemia Miocárdica/cirugía , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiología , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/mortalidad , Brasil/epidemiología , Literatura de Revisión como Asunto , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Metaanálisis como Asunto , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/efectos adversos , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Estudios Multicéntricos como Asunto , Resultado del Tratamiento , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Isquemia Miocárdica/mortalidad , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Accidente Cerebrovascular/mortalidad , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Abstract Objective: We aimed to analyze whether patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure reduces the risk of stroke, assessing also some safety outcomes after the publication of a new trial. Introduction: The clinical benefit of closing a PFO has been an open question, so it is necessary to review the current state of published medical data in regards to this subject. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL/CCTR, SciELO, LILACS, Google Scholar and reference lists of relevant articles were used to search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported any of the following outcomes: stroke, death, major bleeding or atrial fibrillation. Six studies fulfilled our eligibility criteria and included 3560 patients (1889 for PFO closure and 1671 for medical therapy. Results: The risk ration (RR) for stroke in the "closure" group compared with the "medical therapy" showed a statistically significant difference between the groups, favouring the "closure" group (RR 0.366; 95%CI 0.171-0.782, P=0.010). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the safety outcomes, death and major bleeding, but we observed an increase in the risk of atrial fibrillation in the "closure" group (RR 4.131; 95%CI 2.293-7.443, P<0.001). We also observed that the larger the proportion of effective closure, the lower the risk of stroke. Conclusion: This meta-analysis found that stroke rates are lower with percutaneously implanted device closure than with medical therapy alone, being these rates modulated by the rates of hypertension, atrial septal aneurysm and effective closure. The publication of a new trial did not change the scenario in the medical literature.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/prevención & control , Foramen Oval Permeable/cirugía , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Medición de Riesgo , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiología , Foramen Oval Permeable/complicacionesRESUMEN
Paciente do sexo masculino, 49 anos, atendido na Emergência do Real Hospital Português de Beneficência (RHPBPE), após acidente automobilístico, apresentando dispnéia, fraturas de múltiplos arcos costais, enfisema subcutâneo extenso e hidropneumotórax à esquerda e fratura da clavícula direita. Submetido inicialmente à drenagem torácica subaquática à esquerda e traqueostomia, tendo sido mantido em respiraçäo controlada no respirador de volume na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Recebeu alta após um mês da admissäo com ecocardiograma transtorácico que mostrava insuficiência aórtica e insuficiência mitral leve, com leve aumento das câmaras cardíacas esquerdas, com funçäo global preservada, näo se relacionando os achados ao trauma. Após três meses, retornou à Emergência cardiológica do mesmo Hospital com sinais e sintomas de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. Submetido a ecocardiograma transtorácico e transesofágico que mostraram insuficiência aórtica grave e septo interatrial pérvio. A exploraçäo cirúrgica encontramos a desinserçäo da cúspide näo coronariana e ruptura do septo interatrial. A tentativa de reinserir a cúspide näo permitiu uma coaptaçäo completa da valva aórtica, optando-se por sua substituiçäo com implante de uma prótese metálica St. Jude número 23. A ruptura do septo interatrial foi corrigida por aproximaçäo direta com pontos separados. O paciente recebeu alta no 9º dia de pós-operatório, sem intercorrências e assintomático.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Lesiones Cardíacas , Tabiques Cardíacos/cirugía , Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Heridas y LesionesRESUMEN
Paciente com 49 anos, masculino, submetido a tratamento endovascular de aneurisma da aorta descendente logo após a origem da artéria subclávia esquerda, por esternotomia convencional, sutura em bolsa na aorta transversa, aortatomia, liberação da endoprótese vascular (3 cm x 15 cm) pela localização através do ecocardiograma transesofágico, sem auxílio da circulação extracorpórea. Tal via de acesso foi utilizada, por apresentar o paciente tortuosidade de ambas as arterias femorais e paquipleuris esquerdo pós-empiema pleural. Recebeu alta hospitalar no 9.§ dia pós-implante com uma leve síndrome inflamatória. No 15.§ Mês após a intervenção apresentou hemoptise importante, sendo diagnosticada fístula aortoesofágica por migração de porção proximal da endoprótese após a origem da artéria subclávia esquerda, foi submetido à correção por esternotomia, circulação extracorpórea, hipotermia profunda a 18§C, parada circulatória, aortotomia com sutura da endoprótese na aorta descendente logo após a origem da artéria subclávia esquerda e, para tratamento da fistula, esofagostomia cervical, gastrostomia para alimentação enteral e antibioticoterapia prolongada. Recebeu alta no 24.§ dia de pós-operatório e seis semanas após foi submetido a nova endoscopia digestiva que não mostrou presença de fístula. Apresentou morte súbita em sua residência no 12.§ mês após a intervenção cirúrgica