Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 2 de 2
Filtrar
Más filtros

Bases de datos
Tipo del documento
País de afiliación
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Psychol Med ; 46(4): 841-54, 2016 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26610039

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The use of cannabis with higher Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol content has been associated with greater risk, and earlier onset, of psychosis. However, the effect of cannabis potency on brain morphology has never been explored. Here, we investigated whether cannabis potency and pattern of use are associated with changes in corpus callosum (CC) microstructural organization, in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and individuals without psychosis, cannabis users and non-users. METHOD: The CC of 56 FEP (37 cannabis users) and 43 individuals without psychosis (22 cannabis users) was virtually dissected and segmented using diffusion tensor imaging tractography. The diffusion index of fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity was calculated for each segment. RESULTS: Across the whole sample, users of high-potency cannabis had higher total CC MD and higher total CC AD than both low-potency users and those who never used (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004, respectively). Daily users also had higher total CC MD and higher total CC AD than both occasional users and those who never used (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). However, there was no effect of group (patient/individuals without psychosis) or group x potency interaction for either potency or frequency of use. The within-group analysis showed in fact that the effects of potency and frequency were similar in FEP users and in users without psychosis. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent use of high-potency cannabis is associated with disturbed callosal microstructural organization in individuals with and without psychosis. Since high-potency preparations are now replacing traditional herbal drugs in many European countries, raising awareness about the risks of high-potency cannabis is crucial.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos Psicóticos Afectivos/diagnóstico por imagen , Cannabis , Cuerpo Calloso/diagnóstico por imagen , Fumar Marihuana/epidemiología , Trastornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico por imagen , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico por imagen , Adolescente , Adulto , Trastornos Psicóticos Afectivos/epidemiología , Anisotropía , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Comorbilidad , Imagen de Difusión Tensora , Femenino , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Trastornos Psicóticos/epidemiología , Esquizofrenia/epidemiología , Adulto Joven
2.
Acta Psychiatr Scand ; 128(4): 261-70, 2013 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23216145

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To explore gray (GM) and white matter (WM) abnormalities and the relationships with neuropsychopathology in first-episode schizophrenia (FES). METHOD: Nineteen patients with first episode of non-affective psychosis and 18 controls underwent a magnetic resonance voxel-based morphometry. Additionally, WM fractional anisotropy (FA) was calculated. For correlative analysis, symptoms and neuropsychological performances were scored by PANSS and by a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment respectively. RESULTS: Patients showed significantly decreased volume of left temporal lobe and disarray of all major WM tracts. Disorganized PANSS factor was inversely related to left cerebellar GM volume (corrected P = 0.03) and to WM FA of the left cerebellum, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi (IFOF), and inferior longitudinal fasciculi (corrected P < 0.05). PANSS negative factor was inversely related to FA in the IFOF and superior longitudinal fasciculi (corrected P < 0.05). Impairment in facial emotion identification showed associations with temporo-occipital GM volume decrease (corrected P = 0.003) and WM disarray of superior and middle temporal gyri, anterior thalamic radiation, and superior longitudinal fasciculi (corrected P < 0.05). Speed of processing and visual memory correlated with WM abnormalities in fronto-temporal tracts. CONCLUSION: These results confirm how the structural development of key brain regions is related to neuropsychopathological dysfunction in FES, consistently with a neurodevelopmentally derived misconnection syndrome.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/patología , Encéfalo/fisiopatología , Esquizofrenia/patología , Esquizofrenia/fisiopatología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Adulto Joven
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA