Strong Linear Dichroism in Spin-Polarized Photoemission from Spin-Orbit-Coupled Surface States.

A comprehensive understanding of spin-polarized photoemission is crucial for accessing the electronic structure of spin-orbit coupled materials. Yet, the impact of the final state in the photoemission process on the photoelectron spin has been difficult to assess in these systems. We present experiments for the spin-orbit split states in a Bi-Ag surface alloy showing that the alteration of the final state with energy may cause a complete reversal of the photoelectron spin polarization. We explain the effect on the basis of ab initio one-step photoemission theory and describe how it originates from linear dichroism in the angular distribution of photoelectrons. Our analysis shows that the modulated photoelectron spin polarization reflects the intrinsic spin density of the surface state being sampled differently depending on the final state, and it indicates linear dichroism as a natural probe of spin-orbit coupling at surfaces.

New sample carrier systems for thermogravimetric analysis under forced flow conditions and their influence on microkinetic results.

For thermogravimetric analysis, it has been shown that, depending on the type of sample container, different kinetic results could be obtained despite regarding the same reaction under constant conditions. This is due to limiting macrokinetic effects which are strongly dependant on the type of sample carrying system. This prompted the need for sample containers which deliver results minimally limited by diffusive mass transport. In this way, two container systems were developed, both characterized by a forced flow stream through a solid, porous bed: one from bottom to top (counter-current flow) and one from top to bottom (co-current flow). Optical test measurements were performed, the results indicating that reaction proceedings are almost fully independent of the geometrical shape of the sample containers. The Boudouard reaction was investigated with a standard crucible and the new developed systems; the reaction rates determined differed significantly, up to a factor of 6.2 at 1373 K.

[Quality evaluation of primary health care in an urban area of southern Brazil]. / Avaliação da qualidade de assistência primária à saúde em localidade urbana da região sul do Brasil.

A 10% sample of patients who attended two Primary Health Care Units (PHCU) in Pelotas, RS (Brazil) was studied cross-sectionally for the purpose of measuring qualitatively the attention being offered to the population. According to domicilliar interviews, 15 days after their appointments, a solution (cure or improvement) was achieved in 87.9% of the patients. Patients or parents satisfaction (in the case of pediatric patients) was observed in nearly 90% of the sample. Patient satisfaction and solution were statistically associated (p = 0.04). Association between the solution and the availability of medicines in the PHCU was observed. Patients who had received the whole or a part of their treatment had 33% greater probability of solving their problem. Professional satisfaction was linearly associated with both perception of a better professional-patient relationship (PR = 3.48; CI95%2.17-5.59) and the expectation of a better patient prognosis (PR = 1.99; CI95%1.36-2.91).

Attributions and affects related to actual vs perceived success in an actual achievement context.

The present study sought to explore Weiner's model of attribution-affect linkage using nondichotomized measures of both objective and subjective success, in a real achievement context. Contrary to expectation, attributional internality related more strongly to objective than to perceived success on three course examinations. Affectivity, as expected, related significantly more strongly to subjective success. Attribution-affect linkage accounted for relatively small amounts of variance in both types of outcome. However, Weiner's concept of "outcome-dependent, attribution-independent" affects was supported covarying with more specific self-worth affects. The concept of "hedonic bias" and concomitant positive affect was supported here, but the lack of a uniform group trend towards self-enhancing attributions highlights the necessity of considering individual differences in achievement behavior.

Calcified aneurysms in coronary arteries of a 48-year-old patient.

This is a case report of a 48-year-old female patient with a compatible history of Kawasaki disease during childhood, who was admitted to the emergency coronary unit with unstable angina pectoris. Coronary angiography identified two coronary aneurysms, one causing right coronary occlusion and the other causing severe obstruction of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Coronary artery bypass surgery was indicated.

A new developed velocity of sound measurement device for characterization of multi-component gas mixtures under elevated temperatures and pressures.

Inline process control by measurement of velocity of sound of fluids is a direct and comprehensive technique [J. D. N. Cheeke and Z. Wang, "Acoustic wave gas sensors," Sens. Actuators B 59, 146-153 (1999); J. W. Grate, S. J. Martin, and R. M. White, "Acoustic wave microsensors," Anal. Chem. 65, 1868 (1993)]. Depending on the varying conditions of measuring fluid(s), temperatures and pressures, it is a challenging task to find the best possible acoustic setup. Taking this background into account, a velocity of sound measurement device for temperatures up to 475 K and pressures up to 24 MPa was designed and assembled that is to be used for testing different resonator types. Two bulk acoustic wave resonators out of the commonly used lead zirconatetitanate compound (PZT) were tested at different test fluids under temperatures up to 423.15 K and pressures up to 24 MPa [S. Gebhardt, L. Seffner, F. Schlenkirch, and A. Schönecker, "PZT thick films for sensor and actuator applications," J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 27, 4177-4180 (2007)]. Initially the pure gases methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and helium were measured, followed by multi-component gas mixtures. Beside methane-based binary and ternary gas mixtures, a quaternary gas mixture comprising methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, and helium was analyzed. Results for all measurement fluids in a broad temperature and pressure range show a relative deviation to theoretical values derived from GERG-2008 smaller than 0.5%.

Personality characteristics associated with psychological reactance.

This study compared six different personality disorders on level of psychological reactance. Eighty clients met criteria for inclusion in one of six personality disorder groups, including passive-aggressive, dependent, personality disorder NOS (not otherwise specified), no personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive, and borderline. Instruments included the Therapeutic Reactance Scale (TRS) and the Questionnaire for the Measurement of Psychological Reactance (QMPR). Four one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were conducted on the scales and subscales of the two reactance measures. All four ANOVAs were significant, although post hoc tests indicated significant differences only among the more extreme groups. The personality disorders were generally ordered on reactance level according to predictions derived from the theory of separation-individuation.