Undiagnosed inferior vena cava type of sinus venosus atrial septal defect in a middle-aged woman: A rare case report.

Sinus venosus atrial septal defect (ASD) accounts for 5% to 10% of ASDs. In contrast with the more common superior vena cava (SVC) type, the inferior vena cava (IVC) type of sinus venosus ASD with overriding IVC is extremely rare. The sinus venosus defect occur posterior to the fossa ovalis and is not regarded as true ASD. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a diagnostic procedure of choice due to close proximity of atrial septum to TEE transducer. However; it may not constantly yield detailed anatomical and functional characterization, and other imaging modalities such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be needed. We report the case of a 45-year-old woman with an undiagnosed hemodynamically significant IVC-type ASD without any anomalous drainage of pulmonary veins, who presented with progressive dyspnea.

Invasion of poorly differentiated large-cell neuroendocrine tumor of the lung through right pulmonary veins into the left atrium: A very rare case report.

Intracavitary cardiac metastasis is a rare manifestation of primary lung cancer which can be associated with a very poor prognosis. In this condition, the right chambers of the heart are more commonly involved and the invasion of the left atrium (LA) through the venous routes is highly exceptional. Poorly differentiated large-cell neuroendocrine tumors also include only 3% of all primary lung carcinomas which can have adverse outcomes. Therefore, in this report, a rare case of a 72-year-old male patient with poorly differentiated large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the right lung spreading to the LA through the right pulmonary veins was described.

Isolated partial right lower lobe pulmonary venous drainage into the right atrium as a cause of pulmonary hypertension in a middle-aged woman.

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection is a rare congenital disease characterized by drainage of one or several pulmonary veins into the systemic venous system. It is extremely rare as an isolated anomaly. We report the case of a middle-aged woman with isolated drainage of an enormously enlarged right lower pulmonary vein into the right atrium with significant left-to-right shunt, severe right ventricular enlargement, and pulmonary hypertension.

The coexistence of left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy, significant coronary artery disease and massive thrombus formation in left ventricular cavity: A rare case report.

Non-compaction of the left-ventricular myocardium is an extremely rare cardiomyopathy. The most common clinical manifestations are heart failure, ventricular arrhythmia, thromboembolism, and sudden cardiac death. The condition is diagnosed by two-dimensional echocardiography or magnetic resonance imaging. We report a rare case of a 55-year-old man with coexistence of left ventricular non compaction cardiomyopathy, significant coronary artery disease and massive thrombus formation within recesses in left ventricular cavity.

Congenital aortocaval fistula between right aortic sinus of Valsalva and superior vena cava: A rare case report.

Thoracic aortocaval fistula is a very rare cause of left to right shunt. Drainage of fistula into the superior vena cava (SVC) is very uncommon. Clinical symptoms depend on the size of the shunt. We report a rare case of an asymptomatic 27-year-old woman with congenital aortocaval fistula to the SVC with a small amount of left to right shunt that was considered for serial medical follow-up.

Double-Orifice Tricuspid Valve: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Duplication of an atrioventricular valve is a rare congenital anomaly that usually involves the mitral rather than the tricuspid valve (TV). Isolated appearances of a double-orifice TV (DOTV) are extremely rare and in most cases are associated with other congenital anomalies. We report a rare case of an HIV-seropositive male with a DOTV, divided right atrium and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome admitted to our hospital with palpitations and dyspnea. After medical therapy, the patient's symptoms were alleviated. We summarized the characteristics of the DOTV and reviewed the literature.

Severe Left Atrioventricular Valve Regurgitation Due to Discontinuity between the Leaflets of the Aortic and Left Atrioventricular Valves in a Patient with Endocardial Cushion Defect: A Rare Case Report.

Discontinuities between the leaflets of the aortic and left atrioventricular valves are uncommon congenital malformations. The anomaly may be discovered during surgery without preoperative diagnosis. It represents a spectrum of anomalies that result from interruption of the normal development of the endocardial cushions during the fetal life. We describe a rare case of Down syndrome with transient complete atrioventricular block and discontinuity between the leaflets of the aortic and left atrioventricular valves without intervening fibrous band, leading to separation and detachment between them. It caused severe eccentric jet of regurgitation originated from left ventricular outflow tract and base of anterior leaflet of left atrioventricular valve into the left atrium. He underwent cardiopulmonary bypass, and the defect between left atrioventricular valve and aortic annuli was sewn. Permanent epicardial pacing was inserted during cardiac surgery. To the best of our knowledge, such a case has not been previously reported in the literature.

Accessory tricuspid valve leaflet and an anomalous muscle bundle in the right ventricular outflow tract in a patient with double-outlet right ventricle: a rare case report.

Double-outlet right ventricle (DORV), a clinically important congenital heart disease, occurs in 1-3% of persons with congenital heart disease. It may occur as an isolated cardiac defect, together with other cardiac lesions, or in association with extracardiac anomalies. Other rare cardiac anomalies include an anomalous muscle bundle (AMB) in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and an accessory tricuspid valve leaflet. We report a very rare case of concomitant DORV, AMB in the RVOT and accessory tricuspid valve leaflet in a 17-year-old male patient. The patient eventually died from severe decompensated heart failure. To the best of our knowledge, such a case has not been previously reported in the literature.

Infective left atrial dissecting flap after cardiac surgery.

Left atrial dissection (LatD), defined as the forced separation of the left atrial (LA) wall layers by blood, is a rare and severe complication of cardiac surgery. It is most frequently associated with atrioventricular junction injuries. We report a case of infected LatD after coronary artery bypass graft, mitral valve replacement, aortic valve replacement and ascending aortic root replacement. The patient was presented with septicemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of LA dissecting flap concomitant with attached infective vegetations identified by transesophageal echocardiography.