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Br J Nutr ; 125(3): 275-293, 2021 02 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32703328

RESUMEN

In December 2019, a novel human-infecting coronavirus, named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was recognised to cause a pneumonia epidemic outbreak with different degrees of severity in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China. Since then, this epidemic has spread worldwide; in Europe, Italy has been involved. Effective preventive and therapeutic strategies are absolutely required to block this serious public health concern. Unfortunately, few studies about SARS-CoV-2 concerning its immunopathogenesis and treatment are available. On the basis of the assumption that the SARS-CoV-2 is genetically related to SARS-CoV (about 82 % of genome homology) and that its characteristics, like the modality of transmission or the type of the immune response it may stimulate, are still poorly known, a literature search was performed to identify the reports assessing these elements in patients with SARS-CoV-induced infection. Therefore, we have analysed: (1) the structure of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV; (2) the clinical signs and symptoms and pathogenic mechanisms observed during the development of acute respiratory syndrome and the cytokine release syndrome; (3) the modification of the cell microRNome and of the immune response in patients with SARS infection; and (4) the possible role of some fat-soluble compounds (such as vitamins A, D and E) in modulating directly or indirectly the replication ability of SARS-CoV-2 and host immune response.


Asunto(s)
Antivirales/uso terapéutico , COVID-19/terapia , COVID-19/virología , Factores Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , SARS-CoV-2 , Regulación Viral de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación Viral de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Genoma Viral , Humanos , Desnutrición Aguda Severa/tratamiento farmacológico , Desnutrición Aguda Severa/etiología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Proteínas Virales , Vitaminas/administración & dosificación , Vitaminas/uso terapéutico
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