Prehospital tracheal intubations by anaesthetist-staffed critical care teams: a prospective observational multicentre study.

BACKGROUND: Prehospital tracheal intubation is a potentially lifesaving intervention, but is associated with prolonged time on-scene. Some services strongly advocate performing the procedure outside of the ambulance or aircraft, while others also perform the procedure inside the vehicle. This study was designed as a non-inferiority trial registering the rate of successful tracheal intubation and incidence of complications performed by a critical care team either inside or outside an ambulance or helicopter. METHODS: This observational multicentre study was performed between March 2020 and September 2021 and involved 12 anaesthetist-staffed critical care teams providing emergency medical services by helicopter in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. The primary outcome was first-pass successful tracheal intubations. RESULTS: Of the 422 drug-assisted tracheal intubations examined, 240 (57%) took place in the cabin of the ambulance or helicopter. The rate of first-pass success was 89.2% for intubations in-cabin vs 86.3% outside. This difference of 2.9% (confidence interval -2.4% to 8.2%) (two sided 10%, including 0, but not the non-inferiority limit Δ=-4.5) fulfils our criteria for non-inferiority, but not significant superiority. These results withstand after performing a propensity score analysis. The mean on-scene time associated with the helicopter in-cabin procedures (27 min) was significantly shorter than for outside the cabin (32 min, P=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Both in-cabin and outside the cabin, prehospital tracheal intubation by anaesthetists was performed with a high success rate. The mean on-scene time was shorter in the in-cabin helicopter cohort. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04206566.

[Introduction of prehospital blood transfusion programme in Sweden: experiences from a physician staffed helicopter emergency medical service]. / Prehospital blodtransfusion är en säker behandling - Erfarenheter från Ambulanshelikoptern i Västra Götalands­regionen.

In 2016, physician staffed helicopter emergency medical service (VGR HEMS) became the first Swedish prehospital service to routinely carry and transfuse red blood cells. In this report we describe our implementation and present our results, with preliminary analysis of our data. Out of 1 336 patients a total of 34 patients (2,5 %) were transfused without any adverse events. Our demography is predominantly male and the most common mechanism of injury is trauma. Amongst the most common interventions were endotracheal intubation, thoracostomy and CPR. Preliminary analysis showed an increase in median systolic blood pressure and decrease in median heart rate after prehospital blood transfusion. Half of the patients that received CPR had return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). We conclude that prehospital blood transfusion in a Swedish physician-staffed helicopter emergency medical service is feasible and safe.