Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 for Adult Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

It is critical to screen and assess malnutrition in cancer patients early. However, there is no uniform standard for nutritional risk screening and malnutrition assessment. We aimed to analyze the effects of the Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) in screening for nutritional risk among adult cancer patients, using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) as the reference standard. A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP). Studies comparing NRS2002 with PG-SGA in adult cancer patients were included. To assess the quality of the included studies, the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) was used. The combined sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated. In addition, sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias analyses were performed. Thirteen articles involving 3,373 participants were included. The combined sensitivity, specificity, DOR, and AUC were 0.62 (95% CI, 0.60-0.64), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.84-0.88), 11.23 (95% CI, 8.26-15.27), and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.82-0.88), respectively. For adult cancer patients, NRS2002 has moderate sensitivity, high specificity, and high AUC in screening for nutritional risk.

Effects of physical fitness on mental health of Chinese college students: across-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The physical and mental health of college students is often mentioned, but there is limited research on a direct relationship between the mental health status of college students and their physical fitness level. This study mainly proves the relationship between Chinese college students' mental health and physical fitness indicators. METHOD: This study collected SCL-90 Scale test results from 5262 students (4012 boys and 1250 girls) through a questionnaire survey and conducted a Sport Quality Test on these students. Statistical software SPSS was applied for differential analysis and logistic regression analysis. Specifically, the differences in sport quality indicators between normal and abnormal mean total scores of psychological tests were analyzed first. Then, the binary logistic regression model was used to explore the impacts of sports quality indicator scores on students' psychological fitness. RESULTS: There are differences in the results of physical fitness tests between students with abnormal psychology and students with normal psychology. The four indexes of students' vital capacity, speed, explosive power of lower limbs, and endurance running are effective in improving students' psychologically abnormal state, and endurance running and improving vital capacity are the most effective methods to improve students' psychologically abnormal state. In the physical tests of Chinese college students, the risk of psychological abnormalities was reduced by 9% for every one-point increase in lung capacity and 10.4% for every one-point increase in endurance running performance. CONCLUSIONS: Chinese college students' physical fitness and mental health are related. The best methods for treating psychological disorders are lung capacity improvement and endurance running. According to the physical test results of Chinese college students, for every 1-point increase in lung capacity and endurance running, the risk of psychological abnormalities decreased by 9% and 10.4%, respectively.

Navigating sexual minority identity in sport: a qualitative exploration of sexual minority student-athletes in China.

BACKGROUND: Sexual minority student-athletes (SMSAs) face discrimination and identity conflicts in intercollegiate sport, impacting their participation and mental health. This study explores the perceptions of Chinese SMSAs regarding their sexual minority identities, aiming to fill the current gap in research related to non-Western countries. METHODS: A qualitative methodology was adopted, utilising the Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach with self-categorization theory as the theoretical framework. Participants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling, and data were collected via semi-structured interviews, documents, and field notes. Sixteen former and current Chinese SMSAs participated in this study. RESULTS: The study reveals four themes: hidden truths, prioritisation of athlete identity, self-stereotyping, and attempt. The results revealed that while SMSAs were common in intercollegiate sport, their identities were often concealed and not openly discussed. The predominant focus on athlete identity in sport overshadowed their sexual minority identities. Additionally, SMSAs developed self-stereotypes that influenced their thoughts and behaviours. The non-heterosexual team atmosphere in women's teams led to the development of intimate relationships among teammates. CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this study could be incorporated into existing sport policies to ensure the safe participation of SMSAs in Chinese intercollegiate sports. This research offers valuable insights for the development and implementation of inclusive policies. Future research in China could investigate the attitudes of coaches and heterosexual student-athletes toward sexual minority identities to inform targeted interventions.

The effect of the Sport Education Model in physical education on student learning attitude: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Evidence indicates that the Sport Education Model (SEM) has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing students' athletic capabilities and fostering their enthusiasm for sports. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of comprehensive reviews examining the impact of the SEM on students' attitudes toward physical education learning. PURPOSE: The purpose of this review is to elucidate the influence of the SEM on students' attitudes toward physical education learning. METHODS: Employing the preferred reporting items of the Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost (SPORTDiscus and CINAHL Plus), and Web of Science databases was conducted in mid-January 2023. A set of keywords associated with the SEM, attitudes toward physical education learning, and students were employed to identify relevant studies. Out of 477 studies, only 13 articles fulfilled all the eligibility criteria and were consequently incorporated into this systematic review. The validated checklist of Downs and Black (1998) was employed for the assessment, and the included studies achieved quality scores ranging from 11 to 13. The ROBINS-I tool was utilized to evaluate the risk of bias in the literature, whereby only one paper exhibited a moderate risk of bias, while the remainder were deemed to have a high risk. RESULTS: The findings unveiled significant disparities in cognitive aspects (n = 8) and affective components (n = 12) between the SEM intervention and the Traditional Teaching (TT) comparison. Existing evidence suggests that the majority of scholars concur that the SEM yields significantly superior effects in terms of students' affective and cognitive aspects compared to the TT. CONCLUSIONS: Nonetheless, several issues persist, including a lack of data regarding junior high school students and gender differences, insufficient frequency of weekly interventions, inadequate control of inter-group atmosphere disparities resulting from the same teaching setting, lack of reasonable testing, model fidelity check and consideration for regulating variables, of course, learning content, and unsuitable tools for measuring learning attitudes. In contrast, the SEM proves more effective than the TT in enhancing students' attitudes toward physical learning. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: ( https://inplasy.com/ ) (INPLASY2022100040).

Mini Nutritional Assessment for Adult Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Early assessment of malnutrition in cancer patients is very important. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) is often used to assess malnutrition in adult cancer patients. However, the diagnostic values of MNA are controversial. We aimed to analyze the diagnostic values of MNA in assessing malnutrition in adult cancer patients. A systematic search was performed using Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP). Studies comparing MNA with other tools or criteria in cancer patients were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated using Stata 17.0 and Meta-DiSc1.4. In addition, sensitivity, subgroup, meta-regression, and publication bias analyses were conducted. In total, 11 studies involving 1367 patients involving MNA were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, ROC, and DOR were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.81-0.87), 0.66 (95% CI: 0.63-0.69), 0.84 (95% CI: 0.81-0.87), and 16.11 (95% CI: 7.16-36.27), respectively. In the assessment of malnutrition in adult cancer patients, MNA has high sensitivity and moderate specificity.

Effect of Latin dance on physical and mental health: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Latin dance is a well-liked physical activity. It has gained increasing attention as an exercise intervention for improving physical and mental health outcomes. This systematic review examines the effects of Latin dance on physical and mental health. METHODS: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) were used to report the data for this review. To gather research from the literature, we used recognized academic and scientific databases such SportsDiscus with Full Text, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. The systematic review only included 22 studies out of the 1,463 that matched all inclusion criteria. The PEDro scale was used to rate each study's quality. 22 research received scores between 3 and 7. RESULTS: Latin dance has been demonstrated to promote physical health by helping people lose weight, improve cardiovascular health, increase muscle strength and tone, and improve flexibility and balance. Furthermore, Latin dance can benefit mental health by reducing stress, improving mood, social connection, and cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: Finding from this systematic review provide substantial evidence that Latin dance has effect on physical and mental health. Latin dance has the potential to be a powerful and pleasurable public health intervention. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: CRD42023387851, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero .

Physical assessment skills practised by critical care nurses: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Physical assessment skills are essential to clinical decision-making in nursing as they help nurses to identify and respond to patients' deterioration. Nurses develop confidence and can detect any out-of-range parameters in diagnosing and treating patients. Prior studies surveyed 120 skills but did not explicitly assess critical care. AIM: To determine the range of physical assessment skills practised by critical care nurses and their adoption factors. STUDY DESIGN: This study uses a cross-sectional survey design. A self-administered questionnaire evaluating 40 physical assessment skills was conducted with 133 staff nurses (response rate: 96.4%) in three critical care units at a Malaysian government hospital between November 2019 and January 2020. RESULTS: Most nurses applied 32 (80%) skills during every working shift, involving the vital signs and all body systems except the gastrointestinal system. Five skills (12.5%) were occasionally applied, while three skills (7.5%) were rarely applied or not part of most nurses' clinical practice. About 20% of the nurses did not routinely check the respiration rate. Medical and surgical intensive care unit nurses (U = 1129, p < .001) and nurses who had served over 10 years (H (2) = 9.60, p = .008) used more physical assessment skills than others. Nurses felt that continuing nursing education, participating in relevant courses and implementing standardised forms to record physical assessments would improve the application of such skills. CONCLUSION: Clinical practice in these critical care settings challenges the assertion that physical assessment is vital to critical care nursing roles. Concerns highlighted by the nurses should be addressed by nursing management so that the application of physical assessment skills can be enhanced, especially in critical care settings. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The findings indicated that physical assessment skills in critical care need to be improved. Education and training should emphasise these skills.

Nurses' knowledge of heart failure self-care education: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of heart failure is increasing, associated with high mortality and rehospitalization rate. The complexity and progressive clinical syndromes of heart failure have massively affected patients' quality of life. Heart failure self-care education provided by nurses seems to improve patients' knowledge and the clinical outcomes despite being in critical care or community settings. Nurses often gained heart failure self-care knowledge from formal and informal educational resources. However, the extent of knowledge acquired by nurses needs to be investigated before patient education could be successfully carried out. AIMS: This systematic review identified the nurses' knowledge of heart failure self-care education according to the topics and factors that would be substantial to increase their knowledge. METHODS: Literature resources from Medline, CINAHL, Ovid, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar from 2002 to 2020 were studied and reviewed. This systematic review included nurses that take care of heart failure patients and studies that measured their knowledge score. The quality of all studies was determined using the JBI SUMARI Critical Appraisal tool, and a narrative approach was used to analyse the results. RESULTS: 15 studies were selected, involving 1644 nurses that had experience in taking care of heart failure patients. The overall mean ± SD score of nurses' knowledges was unsatisfactory with 12.1 ± 2.7 to 17.3 ± 1.4, respectively, and it showed a significant increase in the level of knowledge after attending a heart failure speciality course or educational intervention. The majority of the nurses were uncertain about the deteriorating symptoms and fluid management for heart failure patients. CONCLUSIONS: The nurses' level of knowledge was unsatisfactory, and therefore they need more in-depth learning and understanding of the heart failure topic through educational interventional. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Critical care nurses needed to have in-depth knowledge to recognize symptoms of deterioration in heart failure patients, especially during the decompensated stage.

Impact of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Depressive Symptoms Reduction among Depressed Patients in Nigeria: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Depression is a common mental health disease with a high risk of relapse in people with a mental health condition. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) showed higher efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms and prevent relapse for depressed patients. The study examined the effectiveness of MBCT versus the control group (CG) for the depression symptom reduction. A controlled trial was used to examine the effectiveness of MBCT or CG on depressive patients in Nigeria. Out of 357 screened subjects, 101 patients were randomized to receive either MBCT (n = 50) or CG (n = 51) and prospectively followed for 2 months. The intervention delivered according to the published manuals, and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess MDD severity among the patients. All assessments were conducted at three levels (baseline, 2 and 4 months). At the end of the 8 weeks of MBCT intervention, MBCT participants did not have significantly fewer depressive symptoms compared to those in the CG. However, the MBCT group had a significant depressive symptom reduction after 2 month follow up. The findings are in line with other studies, which show MBCT significantly decreased depression severity and improved treatment response rates after 2 months follow up, confirmed MBCT viability in the management of MDD.

Fall prevention education to reduce fall risk among community-dwelling older persons: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: This review aims to identify types of the existing fall prevention education (FPE) and their effectiveness in promoting fall risk awareness, knowledge and preventive fall behaviour change among community-dwelling older people. BACKGROUND: FPE is a cost-effective and helpful tool for reducing fall occurrences. EVALUATION: This is a systematic review study using electronic searches via EBSCOHost® platform, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar in March 2021. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021232102). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement flow chart guided the search strategy. Articles published from January 2010 to March 2021 were included for quality appraisal using the 'Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Non-randomised Designs' (TREND) and the 'Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials' (CONSORT) statement for randomised controlled trial studies. KEY ISSUES: Six FPE studies selected emphasised on personal health status, exercise and environmental risk factors. These studies reported an increase in fall risk awareness or knowledge and a positive change in fall preventive behaviours. Two studies included nurses as educators in FPE. CONCLUSION: FPE evidently improved awareness or knowledge and preventive fall behaviour change among older adults. Nurses are in great potential in planning and providing FPE for older adults in community settings. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Expand nurses' roles in fall prevention programmes in community settings by using high-quality and evidence-based educational tools. Highlight the nurse's role and collaborative management in FPE.

Experiences of people living with disorders of sex development and sex reassignment: Meta-ethnography of qualitative studies.

AIM: The aim of this study was to synthesize the experiences of people with disorders of sex development. BACKGROUND: The quality of life of people with disorders of sex development depends largely on the availability of good psychosocial and psychosexual management. There is a lack of qualitative systematic reviews of the literature on the experiences of people with disorders of sex development. DESIGN: The seven steps of qualitative meta-ethnography were employed in this review. DATA SOURCES: The following electronic databases were systematically searched until January 2017: Science Direct, Scopus, Sage online, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Medline, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar. Search terms for this review were "disorders of sex development," "intersex," "ambiguous genitalia," "experiences," "qualitative study," and "method". REVIEW METHOD: A 13-item scale was applied to evaluate the quality of the selected studies and synthesized using the principles of meta-ethnography. FINDINGS: Twelve studies met the eligibility criteria. Six major themes described the experiences of people with disorders of sex development. These included a range of physical, psychological, social, and sexual experiences which affect their quality of life. Different coping strategies were employed by individuals who live with the lifelong condition. CONCLUSION: Disorders of sex development affect the quality of life of people living with these disorders. Nurses are tasked with providing holistic care for people with disorders of sex development in order to improve their quality of lives. As such, there is a need to explore the experiences of nurses in the management of disorders of sex development.

The effectiveness of a structured nursing intervention program on maternal stress and ability among mothers of premature infants in a neonatal intensive care unit.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effectiveness of a structured nursing intervention program on maternal stress and NICU-related maternal ability after the admission of premature infants to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). BACKGROUND: Mothers of premature infants may face stress having premature infants, and their infants may be admitted to the NICU for a few weeks or months. The mothers' experience of stress would be worse if they have low knowledge and poor NICU-related maternal ability. Mothers of infants admitted to the NICU require well-planned interventions to cope with psychological matters arising after an infant hospitalisation. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental design. METHODS: A total of 216 mothers were consecutively assigned to control and intervention groups. Each group consisted of 108 mothers. The mothers in both groups received questionnaire concerning maternal stress and NICU-related ability during their first visit to NICU (within 48 hr of admission). A structured nursing intervention was implemented for 10 days on mothers in the intervention group. The control group continued to receive existing practice nursing care. Mothers of both groups were again given the questionnaire on maternal stress and NICU-related ability after 14 days of admission. RESULTS: In the intervention group, the difference between the mean total score of maternal stress and parental role and relationship subscale decreased significantly, compared to the control group (p = 0.04; p = 0.01) respectively. Maternal ability improved significantly in mothers in the intervention group 2 weeks postintervention, p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: A structured nursing intervention for mothers could significantly reduce maternal stress and promote maternal NICU-related abilities. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The results of the study could help neonatal nurses to develop an appropriate nursing intervention for parents with premature infants in the NICU.

Stress and anxiety among mothers of premature infants in a Malaysian neonatal intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine maternal stress and anxiety as perceived by mothers whose premature infants were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and to identify maternal stress and its relationship with maternal and infant characteristics and anxiety. BACKGROUND: Vulnerable premature infants commonly require special care in the NICUs. In most cases, prolonged hospitalization results in stress and anxiety for the mothers. METHODS: A non-probability convenience survey was used in a public hospital, with 180 mothers completing the 26-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and a 40-item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). RESULTS: 56.5% of mothers had high levels of stress, 85.5% of mothers had a high level of state-anxiety and 67.8% of mothers had a high level of trait-anxiety. The stress experienced by these mothers had a significant relationship with anxiety, and was found to be associated with state and trait anxiety levels, but not with maternal and infant characteristics. CONCLUSION: Mothers in this setting revealed high levels of stress and anxiety during their premature infants' NICU admission. An immediate interventional programme focusing on relieving mothers' anxiety and stress is needed to prevent maternal stress and anxiety at an early stage.

The impact of post-activation potentiation on explosive vertical jump after intermittent time: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

The optimal intermittent time for post-activation potentiation (PAP) training remains uncertain and contentious. This study employed a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the effect of different intermittent times on PAP in relation to explosive vertical jump height. Relevant literature was sourced from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using keywords such as "postactivation potentiation," "activation enhancement effect," "PAP," "explosive vertical jump," "explosive vertical high jump," and "intermittent time." The search covered publications from the inception of each database until June 2024. Studies involving athletes (regardless of sport type) undergoing PAP training were included, with no restrictions on the methods used to induce PAP. Comparative analysis focused on the heights of countermovement jumps (CMJ) and peak ground reaction force (GRF) before and after interventions. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, and data were analyzed using RevMan5.3. The study included a total of 21 papers with 327 subjects, primarily using the squat as the method of PAP induction. The meta-analysis revealed that intermittent times of 4 min [MD = - 0.03, 95% CI: - 0.04 ~ - 0.01; Z = 2.71, P = 0.007] and 5-8 min [MD = - 0.03, 95% CI: - 0.04 ~ - 0.01; Z = 3.07, P = 0.002] significantly increased the height of explosive vertical CMJs. However, intermittent times of 1-3 min [MD = -0.00, 95% CI: - 0.01 ~ 0.01; Z = 0.38, P = 0.70] and 10-24 min [MD = - 0.01, 95% CI: - 0.02 ~ 0.00; Z = 1.43, P = 0.15] did not show significant effects on CMJ height. These findings indicate that 4-min and 5-8 min intervals significantly enhance CMJ height, while intervals shorter than 4 min or longer than 8 min do not have a significant impact.

A 12-week Taijiquan practice improves balance control and functional fitness in fall-prone postmenopausal women.

Purpose: Falls are the leading cause of accidental death among older persons, with postmenopausal women facing a greater hazard of falling due to osteoporosis. This study aimed to examine the effects of Taijiquan practice on balance control and functional fitness in at-risk females. Methods: Chinese women who self-reported a tendency to fall and had a baseline one-leg stand test time (4.1 s in the Taijiquan group) below the national average for their age group (60-64 years: 10.9 s, 65-69 years: 9.9 s) were assigned to either a control group (n = 26, mean age = 63.9 years) or a Taijiquan group (n = 24, mean age = 63.9 years). The Taijiquan group participated in a 12-week supervised intervention, while the control group maintained their daily activities. The average duration of each exercise session was 52 min. Static balance and functional fitness were assessed at the beginning and end of the intervention. Results: After 12 weeks, the Taijiquan group significantly outperformed the control group in terms of balance, flexibility, and muscular fitness (all p < 0.05). Participants in the Taijiquan group improved their one-leg stand by 61.0% (+2.5 s, Hedge's g = 0.85), arm curl by 8.3% (+1.7 repetitions, g = 0.53), handgrip strength by 8.3% (+1.9 kg, g = 0.65), and sit-and-reach by 163.2% (+6.2 cm, g = 1.17). Conclusion: The improvement in balance, coupled with other functional fitness benefits, suggests that Taijiquan could serve as a useful exercise for older women with an elevated risk of falling.

Does Motor Imagery Training Improve Service Performance in Tennis Players? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Motor imagery training is a common mental strategy used by tennis players and coaches to improve learning and performance; however, the effect of motor imagery training on service performance in tennis players is questionable. This review aims to consolidate existing research regarding the effects of motor imagery training on the service performance of tennis players. A systematic search was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, using PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and SPORTDiscus to identify articles published until December 2023. Eligible studies comprised controlled trials that investigated the impact of motor imagery on service performance outcomes in tennis players. The methodological quality of individual studies was assessed using the Cochrane RoB-2 and ROBINS-I tools. GRADE was applied to assess the certainty of the evidence. Nine trials including 548 participants met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that motor imagery training improved service accuracy and technique but did not affect service speed or return accuracy in tennis players. In conclusion, the certainty of the evidence that motor imagery training may be effective in improving service accuracy and technique in tennis players is low to very low. However, more experimental work is needed to obtain stronger conclusions.

Effects of plyometric training on skill-related physical fitness in badminton players: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Skill-related physical fitness significantly correlates with sports performance. Plyometric training (PT) is an effective method for improving physical fitness in athletes. However, its impact on skill-related physical fitness in badminton players remains uncertain. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PT on skill-related physical fitness in badminton players. Five electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and SPORTSDiscus) were searched until February 2024. A PICOS approach was used to identify inclusion criteria, (1) healthy badminton players, (2) a PT program, (3) an active control group, (4) a measure of skill-related physical fitness before and after PT, and (5) randomized controlled studies. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of PT studies, while the level of evidence certainty was determined through the GRADE framework. The calculation of effect sizes (ESs) was based on mean values and standard deviations, and heterogeneity was measured with the I2 statistic. The extended Egger's test was employed to check for publication bias. Eleven studies comprising 445 badminton players were eligible for inclusion. The analysis revealed significant small-to-moderate effects of PT on power (ES = 0.60, p < 0.001), agility (ES = 0.96, p < 0.001), speed (ES = 0.63, p = 0.001), and balance (ES = 0.89; p = 0.013). However, no significant effect was observed for reaction time (ES = 0.56; p = 0.189). The certainty of evidence for outcomes was graded as either low or very low. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that PT improved power, agility, speed, and balance, but not reaction time in badminton players. However, the small number of studies and the very low to low certainty evidence mean that these results need to be interpreted with caution.

Effects of active video games on physical activity among overweight and obese college students: a systematic review.

Background: The purpose of this study was to critically review the existing literature on the effects of active video games (AVGs) on physical activity in overweight and obese college students to determine whether AVGs can promote and achieve recommended levels of physical activity. The results should provide constructive input for future research. Methods: A total of five international databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, and EBSCOhost were searched with keywords related to "active video games," "physical activity," and "obese college students" from July 2022. A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines and randomised controlled trial (RCT) studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. Furthermore, the quality assessment of the studies was measured using the PEDro scale. Results: One thousand and twenty-three articles were retrieved, of which eight randomised controlled trial studies met the inclusion criteria. AVGs can reduce sedentary behaviour and positively affect physical activity, time spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), positive psychological factors, and game attendance rate. Combining AVGs with other assistive devices (such as mini-trampolines and stationary bikes) can enhance the effects of AVGs and provide greater physiological stimulation. Different types of AVGs and game modes can achieve different emotional responses, physiological stimulation, and physical activity levels. Conclusion: The research findings prove that AVGs can be a viable intervention to increase physical activity in overweight or obese college students, ultimately reaching the recommended physical activity level(PAL). Physical activity can be further increased by incorporating assistive devices or using features supported by self-determination theory (SDT). As a new modality, AVGs could be a potential alternative to traditional physical activity.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier: CRD42022363993.

Active video games for improving health-related physical fitness in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The global population is experiencing a rapid rise in the quantity and percentage of older people. In an effort to enhance physical activity among older adults, active video games (AVGs) are being suggested as a compelling alternative and are currently under scrutiny to evaluate their efficacy in promoting the health of older people. Objective: This review aims to synthesize current studies and formulate conclusions regarding the impact of AVGs on the health-related physical fitness of older adults. Methods: Seven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) were searched from inception to January 21, 2024. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials examining the effect of AVGs compared to control conditions on health-related physical fitness outcomes in older adults. The methodological quality of the included trials was assessed using the PEDro scale, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. A random-effects model was used to calculate effect sizes (ES; Hedge's g) between experimental and control groups. Results: The analysis included 24 trials with a total of 1428 older adults (all ≥ 60 years old). Compared to controls, AVGs produced significant increases in muscular strength (moderate ES = 0.64-0.68, p < 0.05) and cardiorespiratory fitness (moderate ES = 0.79, p < 0.001). However, no significant effects were found for body composition (trivial ES = 0.12-0.14; p > 0.05) and flexibility (trivial ES = 0.08; p = 0.677). The beneficial effects of AVGs were greater after a duration of ≥ 12 vs. < 12 weeks (cardiorespiratory fitness; ES = 1.04 vs. 0.29, p = 0.028) and following ≥ 60 minutes vs. < 60 minutes of session duration (muscular strength; ES = 1.20-1.24 vs. 0.27-0.42, p < 0.05). Conclusion: AVGs appear to be an effective tool for enhancing muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults, although their impact on improving body composition and flexibility seems limited. Optimal improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with a longer duration of AVGs (≥ 12 weeks). Moreover, a session duration of ≥ 60 minutes may provide greater benefits for the muscular strength of older adults. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=482568, identifier CRD42023482568.

Digital health intervention in patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the foremost mortality internationally. Cardiac rehabilitation has proven as an effective program in reducing CVD burden. Participation in cardiac rehabilitation programs is very low. Digital health intervention emerged as an alternative method to deliver Cardiac rehabilitation. This review aimed to investigate the impact of digital health intervention on the outcomes of interest. Methods: the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane Library have been searched to retrieve randomized controlled trials that examine the impact of digital health intervention on blood pressure, body mass index, lipid profile, blood glucose, Six-Minute Walk Test, and peak oxygen consumption. filters were set to include studies published in English between 2000-2023. Results: Nineteen studies were included in this review. Six-Minute Walk Test (MD = 16.70; 95% CI: 6.00 to 27.39, p = 0.000) and maximal oxygen consumption (SMD = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.45, p = 0.004) significantly improved following digital health intervention, after employing the sensitivity analysis significant improvement was observed in systolic (MD = -2.54; 95% CI: -4.98 to -0.11, p = 0.04) and diastolic blood pressure (SMD = -2.0182; 95% CI: -3.9436 to -0.0928, p = 0.04) favoring experimental groups. Subgroup analysis revealed significant improvement in quality of life after three months of follow-up (SMD = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.31, p = 0.00), no significant differences have been observed in body mass index, lipid profile, and blood glucose. Conclusion: The findings emphasize the significant impact of digital vs CBCR or usual care on physical capacity, blood pressure, and quality of life. Despite the non-statistically significant differences in body mass index and lipid profile, the comparable effect between the two methods suggests the superiority of digital over CBCR or usual care due to its convenient nature, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness.