[Study on the Turning Effect of the Energy Gap of π Electron on Atomic Vibration in Conjugated Linear Polymer].

The Visible absorption and Raman spectra of ß-carotene were measured in dimethyl sulfoxide in temperature ranging from 81 to 25 ℃ and in carbon disulfide in pressure range from 0.04 to 0.60 GPa, respectively. The results indicated that the visible absorption and Raman spectra are both red-shifted, Raman scattering cross section increase with the temperature decreasing. And with the pressure increasing, the visible absorption spectra are red-shifted, but the frequency shift towards higher frequencies in the Raman spectra, the Raman scattering cross section decrease unexpectedly. The latter can't be explained by the model of "effective conjugation length" and "coherent weakly damped electron-lattice vibrations". In this paper, we combined electron-vibration coupling rule with theoretical calculations and found that the electron-phonon coupling constant had a certain changing trend with the temperature and pressure variation, which Indicate that the interaction between π-electron and CC bond vibration was essential for this experiment result. Thus, the turning effect of energy gap of the π on CC vibration mode is responsible for such phenomenon.

Peri-implant keratinized gingiva augmentation using xenogeneic collagen matrix and platelet-rich fibrin: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Keratinized gingival insufficiency is a disease attributed to long-term tooth loss, can severely jeopardizes the long-term health of implants. A simple and effective augmentation surgery method should be urgently developed. CASE SUMMARY: A healthy female patient, 45-year-old, requested implant restoration of the her left mandibular first molar and second molar. Before considering a stage II, as suggested from the probing depth measurements, the widths of the mesial, medial, and distal buccal keratinized gingiva of second molar (tooth #37) were measured and found to be 0.5 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0 mm, respectively. This suggested that the gingiva was insufficient to resist damage from bacterial and mechanical stimulation. Accordingly, modified apically repositioned flap (ARF) surgery combined with xenogeneic collagen matrix (XCM) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was employed to increase the width of gingival tissue. After 1 mo of healing, the widths of mesial, medial, and distal buccal keratinized gingiva reached 4 mm, 4 mm, and 3 mm, respectively, and the thickness of the augmented mucosa was 4.5 mm. Subsequently, through the second-stage operation, the patient obtained an ideal soft tissue shape around the implant. CONCLUSION: For cases with keratinized gingiva widths around implants less than 2mm，the soft tissue width and thickness could be increased by modified ARF surgery combined with XCM and PRF. Moreover, this surgery significantly alleviated patients' pain and ameliorated oral functional comfort.

[Characteristic comparative study of particulate matters in Beijing before and during the Olympics].

Two city ecosystem research stations were selected for continuous monitoring of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration from June to September 2008, when the Beijing Olympic Games was held. The relationship between meteorological factors, artificial control management measures and PM2.5 dynamic characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the daily average concentration of PM2.5 at RCEES Station, which is near the 5th North Ring, was 0.067 mg x m(-3) during the study period, and the particle concentration during the Olympic Games was 0.060 mg x m(-3), which was decreased by about 26% compared with the content before the Olympic Games (0.081 mg x m(-3)). As for JX Station located in the 2th South Ring, its daily average concentration of PM2.5 was 0.078 mg x m(-3). Similar to RCEES Station, PM2.5 average content during the Olympic Games (0.069 mg x m(-3)) was 27% lower compared with the content before the Olympic Games (0.095 mg x m(-3)). Two peaks could be found when daily distribution of PM2.5 was displayed, one appeared between 08:00 and 10:00 (the average content for RCEES and JX were 0.068 and 0.089 mg x m(-3), respectively), and the other appeared at 20:00-22:00, which could be attributed to traffic emission and road dust pollution, especially the emission from the growing number of cars in rush hours. Meteorological condition during the whole period was typical in summer in Beijing with both high temperature and humidity. Correlation analysis revealed that the concentrations of PM2.5 had a positive correlation with the air temperature (P < 0.01), while it had no significant relationship with wind speed, relative humidity or precipitation (P > 0.05). Our monitoring results suggested that the artificial air pollution control strategies were effective measures for air pollution control during 2008 Beijing Olympic Game.

[Effect of K2O addition on the crystallization property of dental glass-ceramics].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of K2O addition on the crystallization property of dental glass-ceramics in the Li2O-SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5-ZnO system. METHODS: Different content of K2O was added into Li2O-SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5-ZnO glass system. The heat-treated system of the glass-ceramics was determined by differential thermal analyses (DTA), then the crystallization components and the microstmcture of the glass-ceramics with different content of K2O were investigated from X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS: Addition of K2O helped to reduce the viscosity of the glass system and improved crystallization. More lithium disilicate crystals appeared after heated-treatment of the glass system which contained 5.3 wt% addition of K2O, and the homogeneously lath-shaped crystals were 4 gm in length. CONCLUSION: Certain content of K2O can improve the crystallization property of dental glass-ceramics in the Li2O-SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5-ZnO system.

[Energy relieving effect of different thickness of mucosa beneath mandibular complete denture].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the energy relieving effect of different thickness of mucosa beneath mandibular complete denture and try to analyze clinical question of prosthodontics using energy analysis methods. METHODS: A 3-DFE model of the mandibular complete denture and its supporting tissue were set up. Their elastic deformed energy and the percentage in the whole system were respectively calculated when mucosal thickness was different. RESULTS: The percentage of mucosal elastic deformed energy grew from 44.53% to 52.91% and 57.91% with its different thickness under static loads. CONCLUSIONS: The energy relieving effect of mucosa grows with its thickness and the approach of energy analysis is one of effective method on oral biomechanics questions.