Patient safety: understanding human error in intensive nursing care.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the active failures and the latent conditions related to errors in intensive nursing care and to discuss the reactive and proactive measures mentioned by the nursing team. METHOD: Qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study conducted at the Intensive Care Unit of a general hospital. Data were collected through interviews, participant observation and submitted to lexical analysis in the ALCESTE® software and to ethnographic analysis. RESULTS: 36 professionals of the nursing team participated in the study. The analysis originated three lexical classes: Error in intensive care nursing; Active failures and latent conditions related to errors in the intensive care nursing team; Reactive and proactive measures adopted by the nursing team regarding errors in intensive care. CONCLUSION: Reactive and proactive measures influenced the safety culture, in particular, the recognition of errors by professionals, contributing to their prevention, safety and quality care.

Potential intravenous drug interactions in intensive care.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze potential intravenous drug interactions, and their level of severity associated with the administration of these drugs based on the prescriptions of an intensive care unit. METHOD: Quantitative study, with aretrospective exploratory design, and descriptive statistical analysis of the ICU prescriptions of a teaching hospital from March to June 2014. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 319 prescriptions and subsamples of 50 prescriptions. The mean number of drugs per patient was 9.3 records, and a higher probability of drug interaction inherent to polypharmacy was evidenced. The study identified severe drug interactions, such as concomitant administration of Tramadol with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drugs (e.g., Metoclopramide and Fluconazole), increasing the risk of seizures due to their epileptogenic actions, as well as the simultaneous use of Ranitidine-Fentanyl®, which can lead to respiratory depression. CONCLUSION: A previous mapping of prescriptions enables the characterization of the drug therapy, contributing to prevent potential drug interactions and their clinical consequences. OBJETIVO: Analisar as potenciais interações medicamentosas intravenosas e seu grau de severidade associadas à administração desses medicamentos a partir das prescrições do Centro de Terapia Intensiva. MÉTODO: Estudo quantitativo, tipologia retrospectiva exploratória, com análise estatística descritiva das prescrições medicamentosas do Centro de Terapia Intensiva de um Hospital Universitário, no período de março-junho/2014. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta de 319 prescrições e subamostras de 50 prescrições. Constatou-se que a média de medicamentos por paciente foi de 9,3 registros, e evidenciou-se maior probabilidade para ocorrência de interação medicamentosa inerente à polifarmácia. O estudo identificou interações medicamentosas graves, como a administração concomitante de Tramadol com medicamentos inibidores seletivos da recaptação da serotonina, (exemplo: Metoclopramida e Fluconazol), aumentando o risco de convulsões devido às suas ações epileptogênicas, além do uso simultâneo de Ranitidina-Fentanil®, que pode ocasionar depressão respiratória. CONCLUSÃO: O mapeamento prévio das prescrições possibilita a caracterização da terapêutica medicamentosa, contribuindo para obstar as potenciais interações medicamentosas e suas consequências clínicas.

Positive deviance as a strategy to prevent and control bloodstream infections in intensive care.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the application of positive deviance as a strategy to prevent and control bloodstream infections. METHOD: An intervention study with nursing and medical team members working in an intensive care unit in a university hospital, between June and December 2014. The four steps of the positive defiance methodology were applied: to define, to determine, to discover and to design. RESULTS: In 90 days, 188 actions were observed, of these, 36.70% (n=69) were related to catheter dressing. In 81.15% (n=56) of these dressings, the professionals most adhered to the use of flexible sterile cotton-tipped swabs to perform antisepsis at catheter entry sites and fixation dressing. CONCLUSION: Positive deviance contributed to the implementation of proposals to improve work processes and team development related to problems identified in central venous catheter care. OBJETIVO: Descrever a aplicação do Positive Deviance como estratégia na prevenção e no controle da infecção de corrente sanguínea. MÉTODO: Estudo de intervenção realizado na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital universitário, com os membros das equipes de enfermagem e médica, de junho a dezembro de 2014. Foram aplicados os quatro passos da metodologia Positive Deviance: Definir, Determinar, Descobrir e Desenhar. RESULTADOS: Em 90 dias 188 ações foram observadas, destas, 36,70% (n=69) estavam relacionadas aos curativos dos cateteres. Em 81,15% (n=56) desses curativos, o uso da haste flexível estéril para realização da antissepsia do local de inserção do cateter e de sua placa de fixação foi a ação de maior adesão. CONCLUSÃO: O Positive Deviance auxiliou na implementação de propostas de melhorias de processo de trabalho e no desenvolvimento da equipe para os problemas identificados no cuidado com o cateter venoso central.

Logical model of reception and risk classification for women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the validation of the Logical Model of Reception and Risk Classification for women with pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in a high-risk maternity hospital. METHOD: Evaluative research with a quantitative approach. The elaboration and validation of the Logical Model were systematized in stages related to the scope review, preparation of the document guided by the Donabedian model and validation by 12 stakeholders, aiming at the assessment of the Content Validation Index. RESULTS: The problem that gave rise to the intervention was elaborated, supporting the construction of the Logical Model. Agreement was reached on 24 items, reaching a Content Validation Index of 0.99. Stakeholders included contributions regarding correlations between elements of the structure and process. CONCLUSION: The document achieved high content validity and could contribute to decision-making by managers in the Reception and Risk Classification sectors for women with pre-eclampsia and/or eclampsia.

[Thoughts regarding researchers utilizing Grounded Theory]. / Reflexões sobre o pesquisador nas trilhas da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados.

This descriptive-reflexive study was performed with the objective to present the characteristics of researchers who use the Grounded Theory method, and outline the development of aptitudes for the researcher to become a Grounded Theoretician. The theoretical discussion was based on the frameworks of this methodology and supported by the literature. The article presents the main demands of qualitative studies using Grounded Theory, and important behaviors, attitudes and characteristics developed by the researchers. It is concluded that learning about Grounded Theory involves more than operationalizing a group of procedures and techniques. It also involves facing challenges to change one's attitude as a researcher and develop new ways of thinking and researching, gathering knowledge based on data to form a theory.

Problem-solving approach to continuing health education in nursing training: an experience in hospital care.

OBJECTIVE: To report the experience of an educational practice of sensitization of health workers to the actions of Permanent Health Education. METHOD: This is an experience report, of a qualitative and descriptive nature, conducted through the Arc of Maguerez, in 2019, in a reference hospital for the treatment of infectious diseases in the state of Rondônia. RESULTS: The Arc of Maguerez was an important point for intervention in the context reality, through two dynamics entitled "myths and truths" and "ludic wheel", which facilitated reflection and understanding of the role of continuing education in the services studied. CONCLUSION: Continuing education actions play a fundamental role in the construction of expertise, expanding knowledge, as they facilitate the sharing of new experiences with the team and the external public.

Community Health Agents and child health care: implications for continuing education.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the main situations faced by community health agents in relation to children's health in the light of permanent education actions. METHOD: This is a research of qualitative approach, which used the Arc of Maguerez. Ten community health agents from a Primary Health Care Unit participated in the study. The following steps were addressed: observation of reality; identification of key points, and theorization. The speeches were recorded, transcribed, and their textual content was processed in the IRAMUTEQ software, using the Descending Hierarchical Classification. RESULTS: Five classes were formed, which composed three thematic blocks named as follows: child's social vulnerability in the territory; handling the child's health record, and vaccination schedule. CONCLUSION: Unveiling situations that influence the work of community health agents is essential for continuing education, as this favors assumptions applicable to daily work with resoluteness in child health.

Quality management in imaging diagnosis and the nursing team: a case study.

OBJECTIVE: to know the contributions of nursing in the implementation of the quality management principle of the accreditation program in imaging diagnosis. METHODS: a single, qualitative case study carried out in an accredited radiology and imaging diagnosis service. The data collection took place through semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and documentary analysis with the support of software in organizing the data for analysis. RESULTS: a total of four thematic units emerged: the accreditation process in imaging services, the implementation of the program, the role of nursing in imaging services and patient safety and the management of non-conformities in imaging services. Of the other data sources, the word risk was highlighted and a non-conformity was evidenced in the external audit. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: nursing contributed mainly to the management of the risks involved in the performance of imaging and patient safety tests, requirements of the quality management principle of the accreditation program.

Implementation of care for the use of the extracorporeal oxygenation membrane in the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To report the experience of a quaternary care center on the implementation of a care program for patients with severe hypoxemic respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2 requiring an extracorporeal oxygenation membrane. METHOD: This is an experience report with a descriptive approach, analyzing the use of the extracorporeal oxygenation membrane in a quaternary care center in the city of Rio de Janeiro. RESULTS: The planning for the use of the extracorporeal oxygenation membrane included training with the professionals and use of the components related to the adaptation of the protocol, equipment, facilities, quality and safety. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Planning, resource allocation and regular training of the team to offer complex interventions, in line with recommendations for good practices in the care for patients with pulmonary complications related to the new coronavirus were essential for the development of the action plan for the use of extracorporeal oxygenation membrane in this pandemic period.

Tools for managing childcare in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the scientific literature on the application of management tools in the postoperative period of pediatric cardiac surgery. METHODS: integrative review including studies published between 2004 and 2018 in the following databases: LILACS, BDENF, coleciona SUS, MEDLINE/PUBMED, CINAHL and SCOPUS, via Portal de Periódicos da Capes, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Academic Google research. RESULTS: Twelve articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The studies demonstrated that strategies such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, renal replacement therapy and the risk scores for Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery 1 and Aristotle Basic Score favored the stratification the demand for care and predicted the risk for mortality. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The applicability of risk scores and emerging strategies for the management of childcare in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery was described by the evaluation of possibilities of performance and/or efficiency of the treatments developed.

Entrepreneurial tendency of Nursing students: a comparison between graduating beginners and undergraduate students.

OBJECTIVE: to compare the entrepreneurial tendency between beginner and graduating students from undergraduate Nursing courses. METHOD: this is a cross-sectional and quantitative research study. Data was collected from 377 Nursing students from four undergraduate Nursing courses in different Brazilian regions, 162 of them in first year and 215 in last year. Data was collected by means of a social and academic characterization form and the General Entrepreneurial Tendency Test. Data analysis was conducted by means of descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: the scores of the beginner students were below the mean in all dimensions of the instrument. The senior year students were above the test mean in the Impulse and determination dimension. A statistically significant difference was identified in relation to the course period and to the entrepreneurial tendency in the following dimensions: Need for achievement (p=0.001) and Impulse and determination (p=0.000). CONCLUSION: the results indicate the importance of investment by universities in the development of an entrepreneurial culture in higher education in Nursing.

[Legal issues of Brazilian hyperbaric nursing: why regulate?]. / Aspectos legais da enfermagem hiperbárica brasileira: por que regulamentar?

This study aimed to show the needs to standardize nursing care related to hyperbaric oxygenation and regulate working conditions for nursing staff that works on this area. They approach the legislation at the Brazilian Society of Hyperbaric Medicine, on Brazilian Chapter of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, on Regulating Rules of the Ministry of Labor and on the Code of Ethics of Nursing Professionals, as instruments still insufficient to legalize the Hyperbaric Nurse, its procedures in hyperbaric conditions and pressurized environments. It allowed pondering on the disclosure of the state of art of hyperbaric nursing, as well as the incorporation of this activity in relation to the specialties on the COFEN Resolution 290/2004 and postgraduate courses in Nursing.

Grounded theory--conceptual and operational aspects: a method possible to be applied in nursing research.

This is a descriptive-reflective study based on literature and qualitative design. It aimed to discuss conceptual aspects of Grounded Theory (GT) and to present the applicability of this methodology within the nursing field. GT consists of an interpretative and systematic framework that extracts significant aspects from experiences of social actors and which enables researchers to construct theoretical frameworks and intensify expansion of knowledge. It has been shown to be an important and consistent framework for objects of study that involve human interactions and which include phenomena concerning professional practice and which have not yet been properly examined and understood according to the rigor required for the construction of knowledge in qualitative designs.

Avaliação normativa do atendimento obstétrico emergencial na prevenção da COVID-19 / Evaluación normativa de la asistencia obstétrica de emergencia en la prevención de COVID-19 / Normative evaluation of emergency obstetric care in the prevention of COVID-19

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a estrutura e o fluxo assistencial do acolhimento - classificação de risco e emergência obstétrica em uma maternidade pública no contexto da COVID-19. Métodos Estudo do tipo avaliação normativa e observacional nos setores de Acolhimento (Classificação de Risco e Emergência Obstétrica) de uma maternidade pública no Rio de Janeiro. A coleta de dados foi realizada de junho a agosto de 2020 por 480 horas de observação direta não participante, com registros sistematizados em checklist contendo variáveis relacionadas à disponibilidade e conformidade dos recursos estruturais, e à conformidade do fluxo assistencial. Os dados foram organizados em planilhas (Microsoft Excel® 2010) e analisados usando a estatística descritiva. Resultados A avaliação da estrutura obteve 80,3% de disponibilidade, resultando em classificação de alta disponibilidade e 91,1% de conformidade, obtendo conformidade adequada. O fluxo assistencial mostrou 72,7% de conformidade total; 9,1% de conformidade parcial e 18,2% de não cumprimento, configurando-se como alta conformidade. Conclusão A avaliação normativa indicou altas disponibilidade e conformidade em estrutura e fluxo assistencial nos cenários estudados.

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar la estructura y el flujo de asistencia de recepción, clasificación de riesgo y emergencia obstétrica, en una maternidad pública en el contexto del COVID-19. Métodos Estudio tipo evaluación normativa y observacional en los sectores de Recepción (clasificación de riesgo y emergencia obstétrica) de una maternidad pública en Rio de Janeiro. La recopilación de datos se realizó de junio a agosto de 2020 durante 480 de observación directa no participante, con registros sistematizados en una checklist con variables relacionadas con la disponibilidad y conformidad de los recursos estructurales y con la conformidad del flujo de asistencia. Los datos se organizaron en planillas (Microsoft Excel® 2010) y se analizaron usando la estadística descriptiva. Resultados La evaluación de la estructura obtuvo un 80,3 % de disponibilidad, que tuvo como resultado una clasificación de alta disponibilidad, y un 91,1 % de conformidad, con una conformidad adecuada. El flujo de asistencia mostró un 72,7 % de conformidad total, un 9,1 % de conformidad parcial y un 18,2 % de no cumplimiento, lo que se configura como alta conformidad. Conclusión La evaluación normativa indicó alta disponibilidad y alta conformidad en estructura y flujo de asistencia en los escenarios estudiados.

Abstract Objective Evaluate the structure and care flow - risk classification and obstetric emergency in a public maternity hospital in the context of COVID-19. Methods Normative and observational evaluation study in the Care sectors (Risk Classification and Obstetric Emergency) of a public maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro. Data collection was carried out from June to August 2020 for 480 hours of non-participant direct observation, with records systematized in a checklist containing variables related to the availability and compliance of structural resources, and the compliance of the care flow. Data were organized into spreadsheets (Microsoft Excel® 2010) and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results The framework assessment scored 80.3% availability, resulting in a high availability rating, and 91.1% compliance, achieving adequate compliance. The care flow showed 72.7% of total compliance; 9.1% of partial compliance and 18.2% of non-compliance, configuring high compliance. Conclusion Normative evaluation indicated high availability and compliance in structure and care flow in the studied scenarios.

Interpersonal communication competence among nursing students.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the level of interpersonal communication competence among nursing students and to correlate its domains with sociodemographic and academic variables. METHOD: This is a correlational study, developed through a multicenter research project in six federal universities in Brazil. Data from 1,079 nursing students were collected through a questionnaire with sociodemographic and academic variables and the Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The mean of the sum of the Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale was 63.74 (± 7.6). The domains "availability" and "environment control" had, respectively, the highest and lowest averages. There was a statistically significant difference between the sum of the Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale and the variables age, marital status, participation in a research/extension group, and paid professional activity. CONCLUSION: This study contributed to identify the level of interpersonal communication competence of nursing students in the Brazilian reality, providing useful information for education in the area.

Logical model of reception and risk classification for women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia / Modelo lógico de acogida y clasificación de riesgo de mujeres con preeclampsia y eclampsia / Modelo lógico do acolhimento e classificação de risco às mulheres com pré-eclâmpsia e eclampsia

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the validation of the Logical Model of Reception and Risk Classification for women with pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in a high-risk maternity hospital. Method: Evaluative research with a quantitative approach. The elaboration and validation of the Logical Model were systematized in stages related to the scope review, preparation of the document guided by the Donabedian model and validation by 12 stakeholders, aiming at the assessment of the Content Validation Index. Results: The problem that gave rise to the intervention was elaborated, supporting the construction of the Logical Model. Agreement was reached on 24 items, reaching a Content Validation Index of 0.99. Stakeholders included contributions regarding correlations between elements of the structure and process. Conclusion: The document achieved high content validity and could contribute to decision-making by managers in the Reception and Risk Classification sectors for women with pre-eclampsia and/or eclampsia.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir la validación del Modelo Lógico de Acogida y Clasificación de Riesgo de mujeres con preeclampsia/eclampsia en una maternidad de alto riesgo. Método: Se trata de una investigación evaluativa de enfoque cuantitativo. La elaboración y la validación del Modelo Lógico se sistematizaron en etapas relacionadas con la revisión de alcance; la preparación del documento se basó en el modelo de Donabedian y fue validada por las 12 partes interesadas, con foco en la apreciación del Índice de Validación del Contenido. Resultados: Se elaboró el problema que dio origen a la intervención, favoreciendo la construcción del Modelo Lógico. Se llegó a un acuerdo sobre 24 elementos, alcanzándose un Índice de Validación de Contenido de 0,99. Las partes interesadas hicieron aportaciones sobre las correlaciones entre los elementos de la estructura y el proceso. Conclusión: El documento alcanzó un alto nivel de validez de contenido y podría contribuir a la toma de decisiones por parte de los gestores de los sectores de Acogida y Clasificación de Riesgos de mujeres con preeclampsia y/o eclampsia.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a validação do Modelo Lógico do Acolhimento e Classificação de Risco às mulheres com pré-eclâmpsia/eclâmpsia em uma maternidade de alto risco. Método: Pesquisa avaliativa de abordagem quantitativa. A elaboração e validação do Modelo Lógico foram sistematizadas em etapas relacionadas à revisão de escopo, elaboração do documento norteado pelo modelo Donabediano e validação por 12 stakeholders, visando à apreciação do Índice de Validação de Conteúdo. Resultados: Foi elaborado o problema que deu origem à intervenção, subsidiando a construção do Modelo Lógico. Foi alcançada a concordância de 24 itens, alcançando Índice de Validação de Conteúdo de 0,99. Os stakeholders incluíram contribuições quanto às correlações entre elementos da estrutura e processo. Conclusão: O documento alcançou elevada validade de conteúdo e poderá contribuir com a tomada de decisão pelos gestores dos setores de Acolhimento e Classificação de Risco às mulheres com pré-eclâmpsia e/ou eclâmpsia.

Aplicativo móvel "ROBOVID" acerca da COVID-19 junto à população-alvo: estudo de validação semântica / Aplicación móvil "ROBOVID" sobre COVID-19 con población objetivo: estudio de validación semántica / "ROBOVID" mobile application about COVID-19 and target population: semantic validation study

Objetivo: validar semanticamente o aplicativo móvel "ROBOVID" com a população-alvo. Método: estudo metodológico, apresentando a sétima etapa do projeto matricial, desenvolvido entre outubro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022, com 21 adultos residentes do estado do Rio de Janeiro, pormeio de formulário semiestruturado eletrônico.Utilizou-se o Índice de Concordância na análise dos dados, sendo considerado item validado o que apresentasse valor igual ou superior a 80%. Resultados:o aplicativo móvel ROBOVID foi validado, alcançando índices de concordância individuais satisfatórios com variação entre 95% e 100% e global de 98,8%.Conclusão: o aplicativo móvel "ROBOVID" foi validado semanticamente quanto ao conteúdo e à aparência pela população-alvo de forma satisfatória, indicando que essa tecnologia educacional é compreensível, relevante e pertinente,podendo ser utilizada pela população como uma ferramenta para a prevenção e o controle de agravos da covid-19.

Objective: to semantically validate the "ROBOVID" mobile application with the target population. Method: methodological study, presenting the seventh stage of the matrix project, developed between October 2021 and January 2022, with 21 adults residing in the state of Rio de Janeiro, using a semi-structured electronic form. The Concordance Index was used in the data analysis, being considered a validated item that presented a value equal to or greater than 80%. Results: the ROBOVID mobile application was validated, reaching satisfactory individual agreement rates ranging from 95% to 100% and global 98.8%. Conclusion: the mobile application "ROBOVID" was semantically validated in terms of content and appearance by the target population, indicating that this educational technology is understandable, relevant and pertinent, and can be used by the population as a tool for the prevention and control of serious sequelae resulting from covid-19.

Objetivo: validar semánticamente la aplicación móvil "ROBOVID" con la población objetivo. Método: estudio metodológico, que presenta la séptima etapa del proyecto matriz, desarrollado entre octubre de 2021 y enero de 2022, con 21 adultos residentes en el estado de Río de Janeiro, utilizando un formulario electrónico semiestructurado. El Índice de Concordancia fue utilizado en el análisis de los datos, siendo considerado un ítem validado que presentó un valor igual o superior al 80%. Resultados: se validó la aplicación móvil ROBOVID, alcanzando índices satisfactorios de acuerdo individual que van del 95% al ​​100% y global del 98,8%. Conclusión: la aplicación móvil "ROBOVID" fue validada semánticamente en cuanto a contenido y apariencia por la población objetivo, indicando que esta tecnología educativa es comprensible, pertinente y pertinente, pudiendo ser utilizada por la población como herramienta de prevención y control. de enfermedades covid-19.

Incidência de lesão de córnea em terapia intensiva: um estudo de coorte / Incidencia de lesión en la córnea en terapia intensiva: un estudio de cohorte / Incidence of corneal injury in intensive care: a cohort study

Resumo Objetivo Identificar a incidência de lesão de córnea em pacientes internados na unidade de terapia intensiva e associar os principais fatores de risco com a ocorrência de lesão de córnea em pacientes internados na unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos Estudo de coorte prospectivo, no qual foram incluídos 40 pacientes internados na unidade de terapia intensiva, no período de dezembro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020. A análise de dados ocorreu de forma descritiva e inferencial, por testes estatísticos e medidas de efeito. Resultados A amostra foi composta por 40 pacientes. A lesão de córnea se desenvolveu em 20% (n=8) dos participantes e está significativamente associada aos seguintes fatores: tempo de internação de dois a sete dias (70%; n=28), Glasgow < 13 (50%; n=7), uso de sedativo (33,3%; n=8),uso de broncodilatador (36,8%; n=7), uso de Traqueostomia (TQT) (50%; n=6) e Ventilação Mecânica Invasiva (VMI) (58,3%; n=7), o piscar menos de cinco vezes (61,5%; n=8), o fechamento parcial da pálpebra(38,9%;n=7), a hiperemia (34,8%; n=8), o edema palpebral(41,2%; n=7), o edema conjuntival (50%; n=7) e o ressecamento(50%; n=5). Conclusão O paciente internado em unidade de terapia intensiva está exposto a diversos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de lesão na córnea, com destaque para ventilação mecânica e Glasgow menor que 13 sendo necessária a implementação de medidas profiláticas para lesão de córnea, mediante o controle e mitigação dos fatores de risco e exposição do paciente.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar la incidencia de lesión en la córnea en pacientes internados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos y asociar los principales factores de riesgo con los episodios de lesión de córnea en pacientes internados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Métodos Estudio de cohorte prospectivo, en el que se incluyeron 40 pacientes internados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos, en el período de diciembre de 2019 a febrero de 2020. El análisis de los datos se realizó de forma descriptiva e inferencial, mediante pruebas estadísticas y medidas de efecto. Resultados La muestra estuvo compuesta por 40 pacientes. La lesión en la córnea se presentó en el 20 % (n=8) de los participantes y está significativamente asociada a los siguientes factores: tiempo de internación de dos a siete días (70 %; n=28), Glasgow < 13 (50 %; n=7), uso de sedante (33,3 %; n=8), uso de broncodilatador (36,8 %; n=7), uso de traqueotomía (TQT) (50 %; n=6) y ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) (58,3 %; n=7), parpadear menos de cinco veces (61,5 %; n=8), cierre parcial del párpado (38,9 %; n=7), hiperemia (34,8 %; n=8), edema palpebral (41,2 %; n=7), edema conjuntival (50 %; n=7) y resecamiento (50 %; n=5). Conclusión Los pacientes internados en una unidad de cuidados intensivos están expuestos a diversos factores de riesgo para contraer lesión en la córnea, con énfasis en la ventilación mecánica y Glasgow menor a 13, para lo cual es necesario implementar medidas profilácticas para lesión en la córnea mediante el control y mitigación de los factores de riesgo y exposición de los pacientes.

Abstract Objective To identify the incidence of corneal injury in patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit and associate the main risk factors with the occurrence of corneal injury in patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit. Methods This is a prospective cohort study, in which 40 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit were included, from December 2019 to February 2020. Data analysis was descriptive and inferential, using statistical tests and effect measures. Results The sample consisted of 40 patients. Corneal injury developed in 20% (n=8) of participants and is significantly associated with the following factors: length of stay from two to seven days (70%; n=28), Glasgow < 13 (50%; n= 7), use of sedatives (33.3%; n=8), use of bronchodilators (36.8%; n=7), use of tracheostomy (TCT) (50%; n=6) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (58.3%; n=7), blinking less than five times (61.5%; n=8), partial eyelid closure (38.9%; n=7), hyperemia (34.8%; n=8), eyelid edema (41.2%; n=7), conjunctival edema (50%; n=7) and dryness (50%; n=5). Conclusion Patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit are exposed to several risk factors for developing corneal injury, with emphasis on mechanical ventilation and Glasgow less than 13, requiring the implementation of prophylactic measures for corneal injury, through the control and mitigation of risk factors and patient exposure.

Community Health Agents and child health care: implications for continuing education / Agentes de Salud Comunitaria en el cuidado con la salud del niño: implicaciones para la educación permanente / Agentes Comunitários de Saúde no cuidado com a saúde da criança: implicações para a educação permanente

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the main situations faced by community health agents in relation to children's health in the light of permanent education actions. Method: This is a research of qualitative approach, which used the Arc of Maguerez. Ten community health agents from a Primary Health Care Unit participated in the study. The following steps were addressed: observation of reality; identification of key points, and theorization. The speeches were recorded, transcribed, and their textual content was processed in the IRAMUTEQ software, using the Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results: Five classes were formed, which composed three thematic blocks named as follows: child's social vulnerability in the territory; handling the child's health record, and vaccination schedule. Conclusion: Unveiling situations that influence the work of community health agents is essential for continuing education, as this favors assumptions applicable to daily work with resoluteness in child health.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender las principales situaciones vividas por los agentes de salud comunitaria en lo que se refiere a la salud del niño bajo la óptica de las acciones de educación permanente. Método: Es una investigación con abordaje cualitativo que utilizó el Arco de Maguerez. Participaron del estudio 10 agentes de salud comunitaria de un Centro de Atención Primaria a la Salud. Se abordaron las etapas: observación de la realidad, identificación de las cuestiones principales y teorización. Los discursos fueron grabados, transcritos y su contenido textual fue procesado en el software IRAMUTEQ utilizando la Clasificación Descendente Jerárquica. Resultados: Resultaron cinco clases que compusieron tres grupos temáticos nombrados de la siguiente manera: vulnerabilidad social del niño en el territorio, el manejo del carné de vacunación del niño y el calendario de vacunas. Conclusión: La revelación de las situaciones que impactan el trabajo de los agentes de salud es imprescindible para la educación permanente, una vez que puede favorecer premisas aplicables en el cotidiano del trabajo con resoluciones en la salud del niño.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as principais situações enfrentadas pelos agentes comunitários de saúde em relação à saúde da criança sob a ótica das ações de educação permanente. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou o Arco de Maguerez. Participaram do estudo 10 agentes comunitários de saúde de uma Unidade de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Foram abordadas as etapas: observação da realidade; identificação dos pontos-chave e teorização. Os discursos foram gravados, transcritos e seu conteúdo textual foi processado no software IRAMUTEQ, utilizando-se a Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. Resultados: Formaram-se cinco classes, que compuseram três blocos temáticos nomeados da seguinte forma: vulnerabilidade social da criança no território; o manuseio da caderneta de saúde da criança e o calendário vacinal. Conclusão: O desvelar das situações que impactam no trabalho dos agentes comunitários de saúde são imprescindíveis para a educação permanente, por favorecer pressupostos aplicáveis no cotidiano do trabalho com resolutividade na saúde da criança.

Interações medicamentosas no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca / Interacciones farmacológicas durante el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca / Drug interactions in postoperative care after heart surgery

Objetivo: verificar as interações medicamentosas potencialmente teóricas (IMPT) com suas respectivas repercussões clínicas e correlacioná-las ao perfil clínico-medicamentoso a partir de prescrições em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Materiais e métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal, retrospectivo, com amostra de 133 prescrições de pacientes internados em um hospital estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre março e agosto de 2018. Para a avaliação das interações, utilizou-se do software Micromedex Solutions®, seguido da estatística descritiva e inferencial dos dados pelo software Epi Info 7®. Resultados: foram prescritas 2.062 doses, identificadas 96 IMPT, das quais 66 foram classificadas como graves e 30, moderadas. A IMPT de maior prevalência foi Bromoprida/Tramal® por via intravenosa (n=26), seguida de AAS/Clopidogrel (n=21) por via oral. Evidenciou-se associação entre as variáveis interação medicamentosa-polifarmácia (χ² = 98.853,p = 0,0000001) e interação medicamentosa-comorbidade (χ²= 4.246, p = 0,23609658). Conclusões: houve alta prevalência de IMPT no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. A verificação precoce das prescrições possibilita a rastreabilidade e adoção de medidas mitigatórias de erros no uso de medicamento, o que contribui para a segurança do paciente e para a qualidade da assistência.

Objetivo: verificar las interacciones farmacológicas potencialmente teóricas (IFPT), con sus respectivas repercusiones clínicas, y correlacionarlas con el perfil clínico-farmacológico a partir de las prescripciones en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardiaca. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo con una muestra de 133 prescripciones de pacientes hospitalizados en un centro de salud estatal de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, entre marzo y agosto de 2018. Para evaluar las interacciones se utilizó el Software Micromedex Solutions®, junto con la aplicación de estadística descriptiva e inferencial para los datos recopilados, empleando el Software Epi Info 7®. Resultados: se prescribieron 2.062 dosis y se identificaron 96 IFPT, de las cuales 66 fueron clasificadas como graves y 30 como moderadas. La IFPT más prevalente fue Bromoprida/Tramal® por vía intravenosa (n = 26), seguida de AAS/Clopidogrel (n = 21) por vía oral. Se identificó una asociación entre las variables interacciones farmacológicas-polifarmacia (χ² = 98,853, p = 0,0000001) e interacciones farmacológicas-comorbilidades (χ² = 4.246, p = 0,23609658). Conclusiones: se registró una alta prevalencia de IFPT en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardíaca. La verificación temprana de prescripciones permite detectar y adoptar medidas de mitigación de errores de medicación, contribuyendo a la seguridad del paciente y la calidad de la atención.

Objective: To verify potentially theoretical drug interactions (PTDI), including their clinical repercussions, and correlate them to the clinical-pharmacological profile of medical prescriptions in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery. Methodology: Prescriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study with a sample of 133 drug prescriptions of hospitalized patients in a Rio de Janeiro state hospital in Brazil, between March and August 2018. To assess the interactions, the Micromedex Solutions® Software was used, followed by the descriptive and inferential statistics of the data by the Epi Info 7® Software. Results: A total of 2,062 doses were prescribed, identifying 96 PTDI, of which 66 were classified as severe and 30 as moderate. The most prevalent PTDI was Bromopride/Tramal® intravenously (n = 26), followed by ASA/Clopidogrel (n = 21) orally. There was an association between the variables drug interaction-polypharmacy (χ² = 98,853, p = 0.0000001) and drug interaction-comorbidities (χ² = 4,246, p = 0.23609658). Conclusions: A high prevalence of PTDI during the postoperative period of cardiac surgery was reported. The early verification of prescriptions makes it possible to detect and adopt mitigation measures in response to medication errors, thus contributing to patient safety and higher quality in the care provided.