RARE LARYNGEAL HAMARTOMA: A CASE REPORT.

Hamartoma (from the Greek language, where hamartia means defect or an error and -oma denoting a tumor or neoplasm) is a benign tumor-like mass composed of mature tissue or cells that are present in abnormal proportions or show a disorganized arrangement. Hamartomas are rarely seen in the head and neck area and especially rare in the larynx. Only few cases of laryngeal hamartoma have been reported in the literature so far. They are usually manifested by stridor, dysphonia and symptoms associated with airway obstruction. The diagnosis must be confirmed histologically and the method of choice in treatment is complete excision of the lesion. The authors present a case of laryngeal hamartoma of a 43-year-old woman treated for hoarseness and paralysis of the left vocal cord.

Helicobacter pylori gastric infection in patients with laryngeal cancer and chronic laryngitis.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathohistological status of mucous lining infected with Helicobacte pylori as the possible cause of chronic laryngitis and laryngeal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective examination included 51 patients suffering from planocellular laryngeal cancer and 26 examinees suffering from chronic laryngitis. The examinees and the control group were subjected to esophagogastroduodenoscopy which described the local status of the esophagus and stomach. Two biopsy samplings are taken from the stomach antrum and corpus. One part of the biopsies was colored using the histological technique used in the pathohistological detection of H. pylori, while the other part was incorporated in paraffin cubes where the H. Pylori gene expression was determined using the deparaffinization and PCR method DNA isolation. RESULTS: In the group of examinees suffering from laryngeal tumor, there were a higher number of patients suffering also from chronic gastritis (32/51) than in the other group, suffering from chronic laryngitis (9/26). In the chronic laryngitis group, there were more examinees with acute gastritis (12/26) than in the examined group (11/51). The difference is statistically significant (p = 0.0457). CONCLUSION: Chronic gastritis and H. pylori infection are risk factors for laryngeal carcinoma formation; therefore, acute gastritis with helicobacter pylori infection must be immediately treated to not let infection to become chronic.

Eosinophilic granuloma of the temporal bone in an adult: controversies in the management.

Eosinophilic granuloma is a rare, benign, lesion characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of Langerhan's cells. It is commonly found in a bone and has been described in almost every bone in the body. It usually affects children and is seldom found in adults. A case of 60-year-old adult male with an eosinophilic granuloma of the right temporal bone with infiltration of the temporal and infratemporal fossa and osteolysis of the squama of the temporal bone is presented. Diagnostic procedure and course of treatment are described. Controversies in the management and different approaches in therapy of such lesion are discussed because there is no agreed treatment protocol established.

Apocrine carcinoma of the scalp with aggressive clinical course--a case report and review of the literature.

Primary cutaneus apocrine carcinoma is a rare malignancy with about 50 cases reported in the literature. Axilla is the most common site of occurrence, but locations like scalp, anogenital region, ear canal, chest, wrist, finger and eyelid have been described. The neoplasm presents itself as an asymptomatic, slow-growing, solid or cystic mass that varies in color. Most patients have a history of a long-standing neoplasm before the diagnosis is made. The disease is considered to have an indolent clinical course with favorable outcome although more than half of reported patients had regional lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis. Systemic dissemination to lung, bones, liver and brain is extremely rare with only 14 cases documented in the literature. Wide surgical excision with lymph node dissection upon confirmation of the lymph node metastases remains the only curable treatment. Care and management of the disseminated disease is still challenging. We report a case of a 65-year-old woman with a very aggressive apocrine carcinoma of the scalp prone to local recurrence and distant metastases to lung and bones.

Harmonic scalpel surgical treatment of the tongue angioleomyoma--case report and review of the literature.

Angioleiomyoma is benign soft tissue tumor composed of smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelium, characterized with slow growth, unspecific symptoms and rare malignant transformation. It is very rare in the head and neck region and complete surgical excision is the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment. We present a very rare case of angoleomyoma of the tounge base treated with partial glosectomy with harmonic scalpel which shortened surgical procedure, reduced bleeding and postoperative complications.

Change in body weight, body fat and body water in children after tonsilloadenoidectomy.

OBJECTIVE: To assess what was the cause of weight loss in children in early postoperative period after tonsilloadenoidectomy. DESING AND SETTING: Prospective study conducted at Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital "Dr. Josip Bencevic" Slavonski Brod, Croatia. SUBJECTS: In total 31 patients aged 6-22 years that underwent tonsilloadenoidectomy. METHODS: The study was performed using specially designed questionnaires from January 2017 until August 2017. Results of pain assessment and administrated analgesic therapy, postoperative complications and inception of eating were completed through the questionnaire. During the study, children were weighed before tonsilloadenoidectomy, 24 h after tonsilloadenoidectomy and the seventh postoperative day where age, height, weight, body fat, body mass index (BMI), muscle mass and body water were recorded. Weighing was performed by the "Body Structure Analyzer BC-420MA" TANITA. RESULTS: Data analysis revealed a significant reduction in mass, body fat, body mass index (BMI) and muscle mass in the children up to 10 years of age, as well as in the children that were 11 years and older. In children up to 10 years of age, there was no significant change in body water (%), while body water in the group of patients aged 11 and over was significantly higher on the seventh postoperative day (Friedman test, P = 0.02). In the total sample, there was a significant decrease in body weight, body fat (%), body mass index and muscle mass (Friedman test, P < 0.001), while there was a significant increase in body water (Friedman test, P = 0.003). There is no significant correlation between pain intensity and individual parameter change in all subjects, nor in age groups. CONCLUSION: Water is an important factor of muscle mass. It plays an essential role in musle repair and growth, since it's crucial for protein synthesis. Poorly hydrated muscle loses it's weight, since musle cells don't have enough water in themselves. Good hydratation, especially among children up to 10 years old in early post tonsilloadenoidectomy period is important to keep muscular mass and power.