Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma nasal type simulating osteoradionecrosis with metachronic B lymphoma in the pelvis: Case report.

Extranodal Natural Killer/T Cell Lymphoma Nasal Type (EN-NK/T-CL-NT) is a non-Hodgkin extranodal lymphoma of unfavorable prognosis due to its aggressive nature. This neoplasm mainly affects the paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, oral cavity, palate, and rarely intestinal, gastric and skin regions. 50-year-old female with a history of lymphoma in nasal and pelvic region. At four years of tumors-free, has facial asymmetry, accompanied by sub-palpebral, nasal and lip edema. Intraoral examination revealed a large ulceration suggestive of osteoradionecrosis. Gum biopsy shows Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma Nasal Type (EN-NK/T-CL-NT). In this case we highlight the characteristics of EN-NK/T-CL-NT with a presentation of osteoradionecrosis-like. Unfortunately, the nature of this tumor led to the patient's death. Clinical follow-up of patients with cancer is imperative to mend and/or decrease treatment complications, as well as to identify second primary tumors or the spread of the underlying disease.

The Frequency of Risk Factors for Cleft Lip and Palate in Mexico: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Cleft lip and palate is an anomaly that affects both women and men. It is considered to be among the most frequent congenital abnormalities and is related to modifications in chromosomal DNA and multiple genetic alterations. This anomaly can also be associated with various environmental factors, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, medication use, and exposure to different environmental and industrial toxic substances. The objective of this study was to document the frequency of risk factors related to cleft lip and palate through a systematic review of Mexican studies. METHODS: In this systematic review, a bibliographic search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines in the databases Scielo, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and EBSCO. Keywords related to cleft lip and palate, epidemiology, and risk factors were used. In all, 3 independent reviewers (J.A.S.L., S.L.V., and N.M.F.) selected and evaluated a total of 17 articles included in this analysis, achieving a coefficient of κ = 0.84. RESULTS: The analysis revealed that the highest frequency of conducted studies was in the State of Mexico. The most common risk factors identified were environmental, pharmacological, consumption habits, and gynecological factors. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying the main risk factors for cleft lip and palate in the Mexican population will enable the implementation of preventive measures aimed at reducing exposure to these factors. Additionally, early intervention can improve the quality of life for individuals affected by this condition.

Use of liquid-based cytology samples reveals genomic instability and cell death in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.

PURPOSE: To examine the use of liquid-based exfoliative cytology to determine the presence of genomic instability and cell death in the oral mucosa of patients with orthodontic appliances. METHODS: Fifty-four oral mucosa samples were collected from 18 patients and divided into three stages: T0, before fixation of orthodontic appliances; T1, 25 days after appliance fixation; T2, 90 days after appliance fixation. All samples were Papanicolaou-stained and observed by microscopy (1,000 cells/sample) to ascertain the frequency of micronucleated cells (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (nuclear buds (NB), binucleated (BN), condensed chromatin (CC), karyorrhexis (KR), and karyolysis (KL)). Differences were analyzed statistically using the Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis and chi-squared tests. RESULTS: After placement of orthodontic appliances, significant differences were observed for genomic instability biomarkers (MN and NB) and cell death (CC, KR and KL) (P < 0.05). Female patients and older patients exhibited a higher frequency of MN. CONCLUSION: Liquid-based cytology has revealed that orthodontic appliances induce genomic instability and cell death in epithelial tissue of the oral mucosa, facilitating sample preservation and yielding more than one preparation per sample. Future studies should investigate whether such cell damage can be reversed through cell repair or whether cell alterations evolve and lead to disease.

COVID-19 pandemic accelerated virtual transformation in dental education: a multicenter review of remote teaching and teledentistry / Transformação virtual acelerada pela pandemia de COVID-19 na educação odontológica: uma revisão multicêntrica do ensino à distância e da teleodontologia

ABSTRACT Although prior to the pandemic there was some resistance to the virtualization of dental education, the COVID-19 pandemic is providing us a unique opportunity to overcome several barriers that previously blocked the adoption of remote teaching and teledentistry. Thanks to the extended availability of telecommunications, digital technologies, and platforms, remote education and teledentistry appear to be the preferred choice to maintain dental education and patient care active under this pandemic, without contamination risks. In this paper, we review valid remote education strategies and possible alternatives useful in virtual transformation in dental education. Furthermore, the role of teledentistry and its advantages and challenges are also revised. Under the current pandemic context, as dental educators, we are called to be creative and flexible. Every dental school should adapt and use remote education as much as possible until clinical attention can be readopted. The evidence presented in this review supports our position that under this pandemic, remote education and telemedicine/teledentistry may be "the virtual convenient solution", to adapt and improve the hitherto classic way of teaching dentistry through tele-education.

RESUMO Embora antes da pandemia houvesse alguma resistência à virtualização da educação odontológica, a pandemia COVID-19 está nos fornecendo uma oportunidade única de superar várias barreiras que anteriormente bloqueavam a adoção do ensino à distância e teledontologia. Graças à ampla disponibilidade de telecomunicações, tecnologias digitais e plataformas, a educação à distância e a teledontologia parecem ser a escolha preferida para manter a educação odontológica e o atendimento ativo aos pacientes durante a pandemia, sem riscos de contaminação. Neste artigo, revisamos estratégias válidas de educação a distância e possíveis alternativas úteis na transformação virtual na educação odontológica. Além disso, o papel do teleodontologia e suas vantagens, assim como também os desafios. No atual contexto pandêmico, como educadores odontológicos, somos chamados a ser criativos e flexíveis. Cada escola de odontologia deve se adaptar e usar a educação à distância, tanto quanto possível, até que a atenção clínica possa ser readotada. As evidências apresentadas nesta revisão corroboram nossa posição de que, sob esta pandemia, a educação a distância e a telemedicina / teleodontologia podem ser "a solução virtual conveniente", para adaptar e aprimorar a forma até então clássica de ensino de odontologia, agora por meio da teleducação.