Trimethylamine N-oxide, ß-alanine, tryptophan index, and vitamin B6-related dietary patterns in association with stroke risk.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to examine the associations of dietary patterns derived by reduced-rank regression (RRR) model reflecting variation in novel biomarkers (trimethylamine N-oxide, ß-alanine, tryptophan index, and vitamin B6) with stroke risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed analyses based on a community-based cohort study "the Prospective Follow-up Study on Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in China (PFS-CMMC)". Factor loadings were calculated by RRR using 11 food groups collected via a validated food frequency questionnaire and the four response variables based on its nested case-control data (393 cases of stroke vs. 393 matched controls). Dietary pattern scores were derived by applying the factor loadings to the food groups in the entire cohort (n = 15,518). The associations of dietary pattern with the stroke risk were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. The dietary pattern characterized with higher intakes of red meat and poultry but lower intakes of fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, and fish/seafoods were identified for further analyses. The hazard ratios (HR) for the highest vs. lowest quartile was 1.55 [95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.18-2.03, P trend = 0.001] for total stroke, 2.96 [95 % CI: 1.53-5.71, P trend <0.001] for non-ischemic stroke, after adjustment for sex, age, educational attainment, current smoking, current drinking, body mass index, total energy intake, family history of stroke, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the importance of limited meat intake and increased intakes of fresh vegetables, fruits, and fish/seafoods in the prevention of stroke among Chinese adults.

Association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet with self-reported sleep-disordered breathing (SDB): a cross-sectional study from China.

Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet has been associated with sleep quality. However, its relationship with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the association between the DASH diet and SDB using data from a community-based survey among adults in Suzhou, Eastern China. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the Suzhou Food Consumption and Health Survey in 2018-2020. Dietary intake was measured by a validated FFQ. The association between the DASH diet and SDB was estimated by multivariable logistic regression analysis. In addition, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to reinforce our findings. A total of 3939 participants were included in the final analysis. Participants in the upper quintile of the DASH score consumed more fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes, whole grains, and dairy products, and less Na, red/processed meats, and sweetened beverages. The OR for the highest compared with the lowest quintile of the DASH score was 0·68 (95 % CI 0·52, 0·88; Pfor trend = 0·004) for SDB after multivariable adjustment. Of the eight DASH components, vegetables, nuts and legumes, and dairy products were inversely associated with SDB. The associations were similar in subgroups by age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol drinking, hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia. Adherence to the DASH diet was independently associated with decreased odds of self-reported SDB. Our novel results expand previous findings on diet and sleep and suggest the possibility of improving SDB by enhancing diet quality.

Comorbidities are associated with self-reported sleep-disordered breathing and insomnia: a cross-sectional study from China.

PURPOSE: We aimed to examine the associations of comorbidities with self-reported sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and insomnia among Chinese adults. METHODS: The study used data from a community-based cross-sectional survey performed in China in 2018-2020. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations of 12 comorbidities with SDB and insomnia. RESULTS: A total of 4329 Han Chinese adults aged ≥ 18 years were enrolled. Of these, 1970 (45.5%) were male, with a median age of 48 years (interquartile range: 34-59). Compared with the participants without any conditions, adjusted ORs for SDB and insomnia for those with ≥ 4 comorbidities were 2.33 (95% CI: 1.58, 3.43, P-trend < 0.001) and 3.89 (95% CI: 2.69, 5.64, P-trend < 0.001), respectively. Seven comorbidities (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease (CHD), bone and joint disease, neck or lumbar disease, chronic digestive diseases, and chronic urological disease) were positively associated with both SDB and insomnia. Cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were also independently associated with insomnia. Of all comorbidities, cancer was most strongly associated with insomnia (OR = 3.16; 95% CI: 1.78, 5.63; P < 0.001), and CHD was most strongly associated with SDB (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.64; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed that adults with an increasing number of comorbidities had higher odds for SDB and insomnia, which were independent of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.

Dietary quality is associated with reduced risk of diabetes among adults in Northern China: a cross-sectional study.

In this study, we analysed the prevalence of diabetes in Inner Mongolia and explored the relationship between dietary patterns and diabetes using the Chinese Dietary Balance Index-16 (DBI-16). This study was a surveillance survey of Chronic Disease and Nutrition Monitoring among Chinese Adults in Inner Mongolia in 2015. Dietary data were collected using the 24-h dietary recall and weighing method over three consecutive days. Dietary quality was evaluated via the DBI-16. A generalised linear model was used to examine the associations between the DBI-16 and dietary patterns. The relationship between dietary patterns and diabetes was analysed using logistic regression. In Inner Mongolia, the diabetes prevalence was 8·5 % and the estimated standardised prevalence was 6·0 %. Four major dietary patterns were identified: 'meat/dairy products', 'traditional northern', 'high cereal/tuber' and 'high-salt/alcohol'. Generalised linear models showed that the 'meat/dairy product' pattern was relatively balanced (ßLBS = -1·993, ßHBS = -0·206, ßDQD = -2·199; all P < 0·05) and was associated with a lower diabetes risk (OR 0·565; 95 % CI 0·338, 0·945; P < 0·05) after adjusting for potential confounders. The other three dietary patterns (i.e. 'traditional northern', 'high cereal/tuber' and 'high-salt/alcohol') exhibited relatively unbalanced dietary quality and were unassociated with diabetes risk. Diabetes prevalence in Inner Mongolia was moderate. The dietary quality of the 'meat/dairy product' pattern was relatively balanced and was correlated with a decreased risk of diabetes prevalence, suggesting that dietary quality may help decrease diabetes prevalence and provide a suggestion for local dietary guidelines.

Loneliness, Living Alone, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Older Adults in China.

BACKGROUND: Older adults are prone to live alone and feel lonely. The main objective of this study was to assess the associations of loneliness and living alone with cardiovascular disease (CVD) among community-dwelling older individuals in China. METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal analysis on 3 661 participants aged older than 65 years from the latest 2014 and 2018 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations of loneliness and living alone with CVD risk, with adjustment for confounding factors. RESULTS: A total of 616 incident CVD cases were identified during follow-up. Participants who reported feeling lonely experienced a 28% increased risk of developing CVD after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and baseline health status (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.62; ptrend = .046). In contrast, no significant association was observed between living alone and CVD risk. Subgroup analyses showed that among those individuals who lived alone, often feeling lonely doubled the risk of CVD compared to never being lonely (HR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.20-3.93; ptrend = .007). CONCLUSIONS: Loneliness was an independent risk factor for CVD among Chinese older adults. Our findings underscore the importance of addressing loneliness in the prevention of CVD among older individuals, especially those who live alone.

CDK1 Acts as a Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Pan-Cancer, Especially in Gastrointestinal Tumors.

OBJECTIVE: Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) regulates the cell cycle and is highly expressed in most tumors. CDK1 expression has been associated with poor disease prognosis. This study aimed to identify the prognostic value of CDK1 in pan-cancer and investigate the association between CDK1 expression and immune cell infiltration. METHODS: CDK1 expression and its correlation with prognosis in pan-cancer were analyzed using online databases. Immune infiltration was assessed by ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms. We then evaluated the relationship between CDK1 expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), or tumor-infiltrating immune cells. In addition, we performed the co-expression analysis of immune-related genes and GO analysis with CDK1 expression in pan-cancer. Finally, we compared the CDK1 expression profile with the immune-related genes in 30 pairs of clinical gastrointestinal tumor samples. RESULTS: Our analysis demonstrated overexpression of CDK1 in most tumor tissues, especially in gastrointestinal tumors. The high expression of CDK1 was associated with poor overall survival, disease-specific survival, disease-free interval, and progression-free interval in kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), and sarcoma (SARC). Besides, CDK1 expression was significantly associated with TMB in 22 cancer types and MSI in 8 cancer types as well as greater frequencies of MSI-high (MSI-H) status and high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H) in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), sarcoma (SARC), rectum adenocarcinoma (READ), mesothelioma (MESO), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). In addition, CDK1 expression correlated with immune cell infiltrating levels, such as M0, M1, or M2 macrophages, memory CD4 T cells, T follicular helper cells, and naive B cells. Our data showed that CDK1 was remarkably correlated with 47 immune-related and immune checkpoint genes in many cancer types. Furthermore, CDK1 was up-regulated in gastrointestinal tumor samples, especially in gastric cancer and intestinal cancer. CDK1 was positively correlated with IDO1 in gastric cancer and PD-1 in intestinal cancer. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our data demonstrated the roles of CDK1 in oncogenesis and metastasis in pan-cancer. Thus, CDK1 is a potential prognostic biomarker and a target for tumor immunotherapy.

A low carbon management model for regional energy economies based on blockchain technology.

As the issue of sustainable energy development becomes more and more important in national economic construction, the potential dangers of climate change are gradually attracting widespread attention from countries around the world. In order to better carry out the low-carbon management of the regional energy economy, based on the analysis of the characteristics of blockchain technology, the present study utilized this technology to achieve intelligent and digital management of carbon emissions, and established a carbon emission prediction system. The cuckoo algorithm is used to improve the long-term memory network, and the improved algorithm is used in carbon emission prediction and management. The experimental results show that the improved Long Short Term Memory networks are close to the target precision in 240 iterations, and the convergence speed is fast. In the short-term regional carbon emission prediction, the average absolute error of the method is only 2%, which is highly consistent with the actual carbon emission. In the long-term carbon emission prediction, the average prediction accuracy of the upgraded long-term short-term memory networks can reach 97.26%, and the running time is only 19.46s. With high precision and running efficiency, the upgraded Long Short Term Memory networks can efficiently monitor regional carbon emission and provide a technical reference for the low-carbon management of the regional power industry.

Trends in blood pressure and hypertension among older adults and oldest-old individuals in China between 2008-2018.

The aim of this study was to assess the trends in blood pressure (BP) levels and the corresponding prevalence of hypertension among elderly individuals in China from 2008 to 2018. This serial cross-sectional analysis was based on data from the last four waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (N = 38086). Linear regression analyses were performed to assess linear trends in mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP). Logistic regression was used to examine trends in the prevalence of hypertension across the four waves. An ordinal regression model was used to assess risk factors for BP status. From 2008 to 2018, an increase of 0.8-3.3% in BP and at least an 8.2% increase in the prevalence of hypertension were observed among older adults and oldest-old adults (aged 65-79 years and ≥ 80 years) (all Ptrend < 0.001). Furthermore, the increasing magnitude of the prevalence of hypertension in the participants aged 65-79 years was greater than that in those aged ≥ 80 years. Region, BMI and living alone were factors associated with different BP statuses. After adjustment for demographic and behavioral characteristics, an increasing trend in mean SBP and PP was found in both men and women, whereas the mean DBP increased only in men. A significant increase occurred in hypertension prevalence, SBP and PP, whereas DBP remained stable in elderly Chinese individuals from 2008 to 2018. Comprehensive strategies need to be implemented for the prevention and management of hypertension among older adults in China.