Psychometric evaluation of the Arabic version of the higher education inventory scale for nursing students.

BACKGROUND: Studies in the literature have relied on a single instrument to assess stress levels and sources among nursing students in Jordan and in other Arab countries. Thus, there is a need to develop Arabic versions of psychometrically validated instruments for evaluating a wider range of aspects related to stress and stressors. The Higher Education Stress Inventory (HESI) is an instrument used to assess various aspects of stress and stressors related to higher education in different educational settings and among different student populations. To date, no exploratory or confirmatory factor analyses have been conducted to study the factor structure of the Arabic version of the HESI. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the HESI (Arabic-HESI) among nursing students in Jordan. METHODS: The structure of the instrument was tested using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and maximum likelihood estimation among a sample of 355 nursing students at five Jordanian universities. RESULTS: The Arabic-HESI proved to have excellent content validity index (CVI = 0.92). The instrument showed good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.75), as well as for the two emerged factors "challenges" and "dissatisfaction" (Cronbach's α were 0.75, 0.72 respectively). The results support the two-factor model for the Arabic-HESI, as the instrument was found to have robust structure and acceptable goodness-of-fit indices. CONCLUSION: The Arabic-HESI is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing stress levels and stressors among nursing students in Jordan. Using the shortened version of the HESI to assess stress among nursing students is recommended. Identifying new features of stress and stressors among nursing students in Jordan will enable universities and nursing faculties to better support their students.

Barriers to Integrating Research Into Clinical Nursing Practice.

BACKGROUND: Using research findings in clinical practice is a cornerstone in improving the quality of care, but nurses face different barriers in doing so. PURPOSE: The purpose was to explore barriers to research utilization in clinical practice as perceived by nurses. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was done using a convenience sampling method in a single specialist hospital in Saudi Arabia. The Barriers to Research Utilization questionnaire was used to collect data. RESULTS: The mean overall score (out of 4) for the Barriers questionnaire was 2.67 (SD = 0.47). The 3 most reported barriers were lack of time, physician cooperation, and other staff support. Nurses working in pediatric and maternity units reported more barriers. CONCLUSION: Clinical setting factors are those most perceived by nurses as barriers to integrating research into practice. Reforms in the clinical areas should take place to overcome these barriers.

Surgical site infections after craniotomy: a matched health-care cost and length of stay study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the extra health-care costs and length of stay resulting from surgical site infection (SSI), as well as to identify the most frequent aetiological microorganisms of SSIs among Jordanian craniotomy surgery patients. METHOD: A retrospective, descriptive, correlational and nested 1:1 matched case-control design was used. A computerised list of patients, who underwent surgery between May 2009 and March 2015, was generated in the targeted hospital. A final bill for every selected patient was also determined. Patients were divided equally into two groups: patients with an SSI and patients without an SSI. RESULTS: A total of 64 patients were recruited. The SSI-group had a significant higher mean health-care cost of $7,899.08 (p=0.001) and a longer stay in hospital (mean additional days: 23.17) than the non-SSI group. Furthermore, Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus were determined as the most predominant causative agents of SSI, at 39.1% and 26.1% of SSI patients, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results of this study can be considered as a baseline for national benchmarking to evaluate the quality of care provided to targeted patients. This study should encourage nurse administrators to adopt protocols and strategies that promote infection control measures, as well as to develop new methods of surveillance on universal precautions adherence. This may limit pathogen contamination in the surgical wound, shorten length of stay and decrease health-care costs.

Anxiety, stress, and quality of life among Iraqi refugees in Jordan: A cross sectional survey.

This study was conducted to identify the predictors, levels, and prevalence of anxiety and stress and to assess the relationship between these factors and quality of life in recently displaced Iraqis. A cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 171 Iraqi refugees was recruited. The results indicated that more than half of the sample suffered from high anxiety levels, while 42.8% reported high stress. The regression model explained 46.3% of the variance in levels of quality of life. Unemployment, fewer than three family members, and high anxiety significantly predicted low-level quality of life. These three predictors need to be taken into consideration when developing health-related interventions to improve the quality of life of Iraqi refugees.

Chronic diseases, lack of medications, and depression among Syrian refugees in Jordan, 2013-2014.

INTRODUCTION: Studying mental and physical health problems in refugees facilitates providing suitable health care, thus improving their quality of life. We studied depression tendency in Syrian refugees in Jordan in the light of chronic diseases and medication availability. Also, depression prevalence and depression comorbidity with chronic diseases were identified. METHODS: In this multicenter cross-sectional survey, data from Syrian refugees attending Caritas centers in 6 Jordanian cities from November 2013 through June 2014 were analyzed. Participants' demographics, depression, previously diagnosed chronic diseases, and newly diagnosed chronic diseases and the availability of medications were studied. Logistic regression was used to examine predictors for depression. RESULTS: Of 765 refugees who participated, about one-third demonstrated significant depression as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory. Descriptive analyses showed that depression was comorbid in 35% of participants with previously diagnosed chronic diseases and in 40% of participants with newly diagnosed chronic diseases. Newly diagnosed chronic diseases and lack of medications significantly contributed to depression, but the regression model as a whole explained less than 5% of the variance. CONCLUSION: Because the regression model showed low effect size, we concluded that newly diagnosed chronic diseases and medication shortages could not predict depression in Syrian refugees residing in Jordan. Therefore, further studies of additional factors are recommended. Prompt measures have to be taken to prevent the spread of chronic diseases and improve mental health in this fragile population.

Relationship between anxiety, post-traumatic stress, insomnia and fibromyalgia among female refugees in jordan: A cross-sectional study.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome of chronic widespread pain, typically associated with fatigue, sleep, cognitive dysfunction and disordered mood. FM may limit an individual's ability to participate in everyday work and social activities, thereby making it difficult to maintain normal relationships with other individuals. While it has been studied in different populations and settings, the impact of FM and associated psychological factors has not been previously studied among female war refugees. WHAT DOES THE PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: The study showed the high impact of FM on female refugees in Jordan; approximately three quarters of the participants had a moderate to severe FM impact. Refugees settled in Irbid city, Iraq, showed increased age, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder correlated with a higher FM impact. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: The study recommends evaluation of the impact of FM among all female refugees living in Jordan, along with its neighbouring countries hosting refugees. Healthcare providers, including mental health nurses, should be aware of the role of PTSD and anxiety on the impact of FM. Accordingly, healthcare workers should design appropriate mental health treatment plans to help to decrease the impact of FM. Mental health nurses should evaluate FM impact among all refugees worldwide. Nurses in Jordan are recommended to share their experience with nurses outside of Jordan as this may help with funds being obtained and the implementation of advanced psychological interventions. ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome of chronic widespread pain. While it has been studied in different populations and settings, the impact of FM and its associated psychological factors has not been previously studied among female war refugees. AIM: To assess the impact of FM and its associated factors in female refugees. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The impact of FM, anxiety, post-traumatic stress (PTSD) and insomnia was investigated. RESULTS: 288 refugees previously diagnosed with FM were recruited. The results showed that 73.62% of the participants had a moderate to severe FM impact. Refugees settled in Irbid city were six times more likely to have a higher FM impact than refugees settled in Zarqa, and Iraqi refugees were more likely to have a higher impact than Syrian. Increased age, anxiety and PTSD were correlated with a greater impact. CONCLUSION: Mental health nursing services should be directed towards female refugees, particularly those with increased age, anxiety and PTSD. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Mental health nurses should evaluate the FM impact among all refugees worldwide. Furthermore, nurses in Jordan are recommended to share their experiences with nurses outside of Jordan, as this may help to raise funds and implement advanced psychological interventions.

Statin eligibility based on the ACC/AHA guidelines among Middle Eastern patients with diabetes mellitus presenting with acute myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND: Statin eligibility based on the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association cholesterol guidelines among patients with diabetes admitted with first time acute myocardial infarction has not been evaluated in the Middle East. PURPOSE: To assess statin eligibility for diabetic patients admitted with first time myocardial infarction in Jordan according to ACC/AHA guidelines. METHODS: Consecutive patients admitted with a first acute myocardial infarction who were not taking statins, and had their serum lipoproteins measured upon hospital admission were enrolled in the study. Statin eligibility among patients with diabetes admitted with first time myocardial infarction was determined based on the ACC/AHA guidelines. RESULTS: Of 774 patients enrolled, 292 (37.30%) had diabetes. Compared with non-diabetic patients, those with diabetes were females, older, more hypertension, more hypercholesterolemia, more triglycerides, more diastolic blood pressure, less smokers and less low density lipoprotein. Among patients with diabetes, 242 diabetic patients (82.9%) were statin eligible, including 20 (6.90%) for having high serum levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >190 mg/dL, and 222 (76%) for being aged 40-75 years with LDL-C 70-189 mg/dL. No patient had a calculated atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk score ≥7.5%. On the other hand, 393 non-diabetic patients (81.3%) were statin eligible, including 41 (8.50%) for having high serum levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >190 mg/dL, and 351 (72.80%) for being aged 40-75 years with LDL-C 70-189 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the ACC/AHA guidelines, the majority of patients with diabetes admitted with first acute myocardial infarction would have been eligible for statin treatment if they have LDL-c >190 mg/dl or aged 40-75 years old and they have their LDL 70-189 mg/gl. More efforts should be taken for patients who are female, older than 50 years, hypertensive, elevated diastolic blood pressure have hypercholesterolemia, and elevated triglycerides because of their significant association with diabetes.

Self-Reported Obsession Toward COVID-19 Preventive Measures Among Undergraduate Medical Students During the Early Phase of Pandemic in Jordan.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its associated precautionary measures have substantial impacts not only on the medical, economic, and social context but also on psychological health. This study aimed to assess the obsession toward COVID-19 preventive measures among undergraduate medical students during the early phase of the pandemic in Jordan. Methods: Online questionnaires were distributed between March 16, 2020 and March 19, 2020. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected, and self-reported obsession toward COVID-19 preventive measures was assessed using a single question.COVID-19 knowledge, risk perception, and precautionary measures were evaluated using scales. Using the chi-square test, Student t-test, and one-way ANOVA, we assessed the differences in the obsession of students with socio-demographic characteristics and scores of the scales. Results: A total of 1,404 participants (60% were female participants) completed the survey with a participation rate of 15.6%. Obsession with preventive measures was reported by 6.8%. Obsession was significantly more common among women (9.2%) than men (3.3%) and students who attended COVID-19 lectures (9.5%) than those who did not attend such lectures (5.8%) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.015, respectively). Obsessed participants reported significantly higher levels of COVID-19 knowledge (p = 0.012) and precautionary measures (p < 0.001). COVID-19 risk perception had a mild effect size difference but with no statistical significance (p = 0.075). There were no significant differences in the academic levels of participants (p = 0.791) and universities (p = 0.807) between students who were obsessed and those who were not. Conclusions: Obsession is one of the significant but unspoken psychological effects of COVID-19 precautionary measures among undergraduate medical students. Medical schools should be equipped with means to handle pandemic psychological effects.

The Most and the Least Performed Self-Care Behaviors Among Patients With Heart Failure in Jordan.

Assessing self-care is important aspects among patients with heart failure. However, few studies were conducted to assess self-care among patients with heart failure in Jordan. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the most and the least performed maintenance self-care behaviors and to examine the relationship between maintenance self-care behaviors and selected sociodemographics. A cross-sectional design utilizing a convenience sample of 226 patients with heart failure was used. The maintenance self-care mean was 53.89 and considered below the clinical target level (≥70). Asking for low salt item and performing physical exercises were the most performed self-care behaviors, while "trying to avoid getting sick" and "checking ankles for swelling" were the least performed self-care behaviors. Limited self-care behaviors indicated the need to implement cardiac education that may improve self-care behaviors. Cardiac education should target mainly patients with low income, low educational level, elderly, living alone, unemployed, and who are using traditional treatment.

Distance education during the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study among medical students in North of Jordan.

INTRODUCTION: In the spot of the new emerging COVID-19 pandemic and its major impact worldwide on day-to-day activities many rules had to be changed in order to fight this pandemic. Lockdown started in Jordan and around the globe affecting several aspects of life including economy, education, entertainment, and government policies. Regarding education, the priority was to ensure the safety and progress of the educational process. Thus, new methods of teaching had to be applied using the online learning at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Faculty of Medicine. This study was done to assess (1) Class Experience (2) Students and Lecturers' Interaction (3) Online Learning Advantages & Disadvantages (4) Students' Preference. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted Convenience sampling technique was used to collect the data from the participants using a survey composed of 18 questions on Google Forms platform. A link was sent to the undergraduate medical students at the Jordan University of Science & Technology via their e-learning accounts (n = 3700). The form was available from May 22nd, 2020 to May 30th, 2020 for 8 days long. Data analysis was done using SPSS V 23. RESULTS: 2212 out of 3700 students responded, (55.8%) of them were in the basic years and (44.2%) of them were in the clinical years. (55.8%) of students started to take online lectures after 3 weeks. (45.7%) used the hybrid teaching method (asynchronous and synchronous), (31.4%) used live classes, and 22.8% recorded classes. Zoom was the most used platform. (48.7%) and (57%) of clinical students and basic students express their interaction as bad, while the others had good and excellent interaction. Maintaining social distance was the most advantage of online teaching, while poor technical setup and no direct contact were the most disadvantage, furthermore inability to have real clinical access was a significant problem for clinical students (p < .001). With reference to students' preferences 75% of students were not pleased with their experience and 42% of students prefer to integrate online learning with traditional learning. CONCLUSION: Most medical students at JUST preferred the traditional face-to-face teaching method over the solo online teaching methods with recommendations to convert to a more integrated educational system. Also, a well-established infrastructure should be done in involving online teaching.

The Effect of Infection Control Course on Nursing Students' Knowledge of and Compliance With Universal Precautions: A Quasi-experimental Study.

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of and compliance with universal isolation precautions are important issues and were found to be low in many previous studies. However, there were no Jordanian studies that have examined the effect of an infection control teaching course on nursing students' knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions. PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess knowledge and compliance levels, assess the relationships between knowledge and compliance, and examine the effect of infection control teaching courses on knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions among university nursing students. METHODS: A quasi-experimental pretest/posttest design using a convenient sample of 130 third-year nursing students was applied. The experimental group (n = 60) were third-year nursing students who registered for infection control clinical course for 3 months. On the other side, the control group (n = 70) were students at the same academic level but did not register for the course and never attended the course. RESULTS: The mean knowledge of and compliance with universal precaution were quite low, with a mean (SD) of 7.82 (1.98) and 49.36 (11.13) respectively. There was a statistically significant weak positive correlation between knowledge of and compliance with standard precaution (r = 0.28, P = .003). An independent t test indicated a significant effect of the infection control clinical course (t119 = -5.36, P = .01) on knowledge mean score (mean [SD], 15.51 [1.41]) and compliance with universal precaution mean score (mean [SD], 89.00 [10.17]; t119 = 6.26, P = .02) compared to the control group. Paired t test revealed that knowledge and compliance were significantly higher in the posttest than in the pretest in the experimental group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions were relatively low among nursing students. The application of an infection control teaching course helps improve both knowledge of and compliance with universal precautions among university nursing students.

The prevalence and the predictors of insomnia among refugees.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of insomnia and associated sociodemographic factors among refugees in Jordan. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken with a representative sample of 373 refugees. The majority of refugees had moderate to severe insomnia (n = 196, 52.2%). Older age, living in the city of Mafraq, having secondary education or below, unemployed, and lacking easy access to medication were the predictors of higher insomnia. More attention by health care providers including nurses should be given to older refugees and those with a lower level of education, as these groups tend to be more liable to suffer from insomnia.

The Effect of Cardiac Education on Knowledge and Self-care Behaviors Among Patients With Heart Failure.

BACKGROUND: No studies have been conducted in Jordan to examine the effect of cardiac education on knowledge and self-care behaviors among patients with heart failure in Jordan. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a cardiac educational program on knowledge and self-care behaviors among patients with heart failure. METHOD: A quasi-experimental pretest/posttest design was used. A convenient sample of 127 patients with heart failure was recruited. The participants were randomly assigned to either experimental (n = 55) or control (n = 65) group. Knowledge and self-care were measured at 1 and 3 months after the program application. RESULTS: Results indicated that the change of knowledge mean score was statistically significant, P ≤ .001, between the pretest and both the first and second posttests for the experimental group compared with the control group. The change of maintenance self-care mean was statistically significant, P ≤ .001, between the pretest and both the first and second posttests for the experimental group compared with the control group. Moreover, the change in the management self-care mean was statistically significant, P ≤ .001, between the pretest and both the first and second posttests for the experimental group compared with the control group. Finally, the change of confidence self-care mean was statistically significant, P ≤ .001, between the pretest and both the first and second posttests for the experimental group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Applying cardiac education program helps improve knowledge and self-care among patients with heart failure. Such educational programs should be adopted in clinical settings to enhance knowledge and self-care behaviors.

Diabetes self-care management practices among insulin-taking patients.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes self-care management (DSCM) is complex because various factors and relationships influence its processes. AIMS: This study aimed to identify the level of DSCM, compare the levels of self care between patients with type 1 and patients with type 2 diabetes, and identify significant predictors of self-care among Jordanian patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who were taking insulin. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed using a convenience sample of 310 Jordanian patients. The Arabic translated version of the 40-item Diabetes Self-Management Scale was used to collect data. RESULTS: The type of diabetes (t(310) = 4.81; p < .001) and the type of medications (insulin, or insulin and tablets) (t(310) = 4.75; p < .001) significantly affected the level of self-care. Age (t(296) = - 3.41; p = 0.001), gender (t(296) = -4.78; p < 0.001) training in self-care (t(296) = 4.30; p < .001), educational level (t(296) = 2.81, P = .005) and using traditional treatment (herbal therapy) (t(296) = -4.64, p < .001) significantly predicted self-care and explained around 58% of the variance in self-care. CONCLUSIONS: Various factors were found to influence self-care. Further research is needed to explore the complex nature of DSCM.

Reality of obesity paradox: Results of percutaneous coronary intervention in Middle Eastern patients.

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the baseline clinical characteristics, coronary angiographic features, and adverse cardiovascular events during hospitalization and at 1 year of follow-up in obese patients compared with overweight and normal/underweight patients. Methods A prospective, multicenter study of consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention was performed. Results Of 2425 enrolled patients, 699 (28.8%) were obese, 1178 (48.6%) were overweight, and 548 (22.6%) were normal/underweight. Obese patients were more likely to be female and to have a higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or previous percutaneous coronary intervention. Acute coronary syndrome was the indication for percutaneous coronary intervention in 77.0% of obese, 76.4% of overweight, and 77.4% of normal/underweight patients. No significant differences in the prevalence of multi-vessel coronary artery disease or multi-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention were found among the three groups. Additionally, no significant differences were found in stent thrombosis, readmission bleeding rates, or cardiac mortality among the three groups during hospitalization, at 1 month, and at 1 year. Conclusion The major adverse cardiovascular event rate was the same among the three groups throughout the study period. Accordingly, body mass index is considered a weak risk factor for cardiovascular comorbidities in Arab Jordanian patients.

Predictors of Coping Strategies Employed by Iraqi Refugees in Jordan.

The purpose of this study was to examine coping strategies used by Iraqi refugees in Jordan based on their demographic details. A cross-sectional design was used. A representative sample of 333 refugees living in Jordan participated in the study. The Cope inventory and the demographic details were compiled to produce and collate the relevant data. Being older, female, educated, single, and living with more than three family members was associated with greater use of the problem solving coping strategy. Being female, educated, and unemployed was associated with greater use of the active emotional coping strategy. In addition, being older, male, illiterate, unemployed, and living with less than three family members was associated with greater use of the avoidant emotional coping strategy. This study recommends a multidisciplinary approach intervention as being the best method of addressing and fulfilling the health and socioeconomic needs of older, male, illiterate, unemployed people.

The influence of treatment modality on illness perception and secondary prevention outcomes among patients with acute myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine if patients with acute myocardial infarction differ in illness perception and secondary prevention outcomes depending on the treatment they received. METHODS: A repeated measures design was used to compare patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving three different treatment modalities: ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention, ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated by thrombolytic therapy, and non ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated by medication. A convenient sampling technique was used to recruit 206 patients with acute myocardial infarction who agreed to participate in the current study. Patients' illness perception, physical activity, and demographical and clinical data were collected during hospital admission and again at 6 months. RESULTS: A total of 186 patients completed the study. Results showed that the primary percutaneous coronary intervention group perceived their illness as acute rather than chronic (P = 0.034) and has lower personal control (P = 0.032), higher treatment control (P = 0.025), and higher perception of illness coherence (P = 0.022) compared with patients receiving thrombolytic therapy and treated after non-ST segment infarction. Moreover, they report low control of their blood pressure (P = 0.013) and less physical activity (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The results of this study revealed that patients' treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention had negative illness perception and limited behavioral changes 6 months after hospitalization in comparison with other treatment modalities such as percutaneous coronary intervention and thrombolytic treatment. Further research is recommended to confirm this association with longer follow-up study and among different cultures.

Research Use of Nurses Working in the Critical Care Units: Barriers and Facilitators.

BACKGROUND: There is a distinct gap between theory and practice with respect to research use in clinical practice, particularly in critical care units, that could be related to the presence of a number of barriers that hinder the use of research findings. AIMS: The aims of the study were to identify barriers and facilitators to research use as perceived by Jordanian nurses in critical care units and to examine the predictors of research use among those nurses. METHODS: The study used a cross-sectional, correlational design. The self-administered "Barriers Scale" was introduced to 200 registered critical care nurses, using the drop-and-collect technique, between October and November 2015. RESULTS: The results revealed that "nurse does not have time to read research at work" was the top ranked barrier that hinders research use (mean [SD], 3.45 [0.79]). The first 7 ranked barriers were related to the organizational subscale. Managerial support was the top perceived facilitator for research use. Only "attending special training courses in nursing research" was the significant predictor of research use and explained 59.1% of the variance in research use, t(190) = -3.93, P = .003. The most identified barriers toward research use revealed by the qualitative data include dominant routine nursing tasks, existence of gap between theory and practice, shortage of nursing staff, and public negative image about nursing profession. Participants suggested the importance of increasing organizational support and creating an organizational research culture to further promote research use in clinical nursing practice. CONCLUSIONS: Research use has not been widely implemented yet in Jordan because of various barriers. The organization-related barriers were the most influential. Factors hindering research use are multidimensional, and optimizing them should be a shared responsibility of nurse managers, researchers, clinicians, and academicians. Further initiatives are required to raise awareness of the importance of using evidence-based practice.

The effect of asthma education program on knowledge of school teachers: a randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an asthma education program on schoolteachers' knowledge. Pre-test-post-test experimental randomized controlled design was used. A multistage-cluster sampling technique was used to randomly select governorate, primary schools, and schoolteachers. Schoolteachers were randomly assigned either to the experimental group (n = 36) and attended three educational sessions or to the control group (n = 38) who did not receive any intervention. Knowledge about asthma was measured using the Asthma General Knowledge Questionnaire for Adults (AGKQA). The results indicated that teachers in the experimental group showed significantly (p < .001) higher knowledge of asthma in the first post-test and the second post-test compared with those in the control group. Implementing asthma education enhanced schoolteachers' knowledge of asthma. The asthma education program should target schoolteachers to improve knowledge about asthma.