RESUMEN
We propose a method to evaluate the influence of dynamical noise on chaotic systems. For Chua's electronic circuit as a typical chaotic system, it is demonstrated that dynamical noise influences the temporal fluctuation of singular values obtained from singular value decomposition. This behavior, however, is independent of additional measurement noise. The appearance of this fluctuation is compared to Shannon entropy of coarse-grained trajectories in its dependence on the noise amplitude. Additionally, noise-induced stabilization is discussed from the change of a pattern of a flip-flop process.
RESUMEN
We evaluate the simplified method using the Lambert-Beer law to measure the temperature of bremsstrahlung photon generated by an ultraintense laser. Analytical values are compared to the results of the Monte Carlo calculation of GEANT4 and they agreed very well on the condition of the appropriate distance between the attenuator and the detector. We performed the experiment to measure the temperature of bremsstrahlung x-ray emitted from a metal target irradiated by a Ti:sapphire laser with 76 mJ, 72 fs, 2.2 × 10(18) W∕cm(2). For a Cu target of 30 µm thick, the photon temperature was reasonably determined to be 0.18 MeV, which is in good agreement with previous studies.