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1.
Public Health Nutr ; 22(9): 1555-1566, 2019 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30813975

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To examine relationships between frequency of adolescents eating alone (dependent variable) and diet, weight status and perceived food-related parenting practices (independent variables). DESIGN: Analyses of publicly available, cross-sectional, web-based survey data from adolescents. SETTING: Online consumer opinion panel. SUBJECTS: A US nationwide sample of adolescents (12-17 years) completed Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) Study surveys to report demographic and family meal characteristics, weight, dietary intake, home food availability and perceptions of parenting practices. Parents provided information about demographic characteristics. Logistic regression analyses were used to test for associations between variables. RESULTS: About 20 % of adolescents reported often eating alone (n 343) v. not often eating alone (n 1309). Adjusted odds of adolescents often eating alone were significantly higher for non-Hispanic Black compared with non-Hispanic White adolescents (OR=1·7) and for overweight or obese compared with normal- or underweight adolescents (OR=1·6). Adjusted odds of adolescents eating alone were significantly lower for those who reported that fruits and vegetables were often/always available in the home (OR=0·65), for those who perceived that parents had expectations about fruit and vegetable intake (OR=0·71) and for those who agreed with parental authority to make rules about intake of junk food/sugary drinks (OR=0·71). Junk food and sugary drink daily intake frequency was positively associated with often eating alone. CONCLUSIONS: Often eating alone was related to being overweight/obese, having less healthy dietary intake and perceptions of less supportive food-related parenting practices.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Alimentaria/psicología , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Responsabilidad Parental/psicología , Obesidad Infantil/epidemiología , Adolescente , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Adolescentes , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Dieta , Femenino , Humanos , Internet , Masculino , Comidas , Sobrepeso/etiología , Relaciones Padres-Hijo/etnología , Obesidad Infantil/etiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
2.
Child Dev ; 87(5): 1564-80, 2016 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27223340

RESUMEN

This study examines inter- and intrapersonal problems associated with being overweight among one thousand one hundred sixty-four 6- to 7-year-olds (49% boys) in 29 rural schools. Socioemotional data include child self-reports, peer sociometrics, and teacher reports. Results support the hypothesis that children with weight problems struggle socially and emotionally, and extend current understanding of child obesity by demonstrating that problems appear early, are evident in a community sample, can be identified using standard sociometric methods, and are worse among children with severe obesity. Sociometric status difference between levels of obesity were also found. Although obese children were neglected by peers, severely obese children were rejected.


Asunto(s)
Relaciones Interpersonales , Obesidad Mórbida/psicología , Sobrepeso/psicología , Obesidad Infantil/psicología , Grupo Paritario , Distancia Psicológica , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Oklahoma , Población Rural
3.
Appetite ; 89: 62-9, 2015 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25624022

RESUMEN

Prevention of body dissatisfaction development is critical for minimizing adverse effects of poor body esteem on eating behaviors, self-esteem, and overall health. Research has examined body esteem and its correlates largely in pre-adolescents and adolescents; however, important questions remain about factors influencing body esteem of younger children. The main purpose of this study was to test moderation by children's gender and weight status of the relation of maternal controlling feeding practices to 1st graders' body esteem. The Body Esteem Scale (BES) and anthropometric measurements were completed during one-on-one child interviews at school. Mothers completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire (restriction, monitoring, concern, self-assessed maternal weight). A total of 410 mother/child dyads (202 girls) participated. Percent of children classified as overweight (BMI-for-age ≥85th) was: girls - 29%; boys - 27%. Gender moderated the relation between restriction and body esteem (ß = -.140, p = .05), with maternal restriction predicting body esteem in girls but not boys. The hypothesized three-way interaction among gender, child weight status, and monitoring was confirmed. Monitoring was significantly inversely related to body esteem only for overweight/obese girls (b = -1.630). The moderating influence of gender or gender and weight status on the link between maternal feeding practices and body esteem suggests the importance of body esteem interventions for girls as early as first grade.


Asunto(s)
Imagen Corporal , Peso Corporal , Conducta Alimentaria , Identidad de Género , Madres , Responsabilidad Parental , Autoimagen , Adulto , Índice de Masa Corporal , Niño , Crianza del Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Relaciones Madre-Hijo , Obesidad Infantil/epidemiología , Obesidad Infantil/psicología , Prevalencia , Factores Sexuales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
4.
J Nutr Educ Behav ; 55(9): 634-643, 2023 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37422758

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Examine how experiencing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic influenced adolescent independent eating occasions (iEOs) and iEO-related parenting practices from the perspective of parents and adolescents METHODS: Cross-sectional remote interviews were conducted for this basic qualitative research study. Participants were a purposive sample of multiracial/ethnic adolescents aged 11-14 years and their parents from households with low income (n = 12 dyads) representing 9 US states. The main outcome measures were iEOs and iEO-related parenting practices. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis. RESULTS: About half of the parents indicated that their adolescents had more iEOs during the COVID-19 pandemic and that there were changes in the types of foods consumed during iEOs. In contrast, most adolescents indicated their iEOs had not changed remarkably in frequency or foods consumed since the onset of the pandemic. Most parents reported no change in how they taught their adolescents about healthy food, the rules for foods/beverages permitted during iEOs, or how they monitored what their adolescents ate during iEOs; adolescent reports were in general agreement. Most parents indicated that family members were home together more often during the pandemic, which increased cooking frequency. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents' iEOs varied, and the parenting practices used to influence iEOs remained stable during the pandemic. Families experienced having more time together and cooking at home more often.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Responsabilidad Parental , Humanos , Adolescente , Pandemias , Conducta Alimentaria , Estudios Transversales , Ingestión de Alimentos , Padres , Investigación Cualitativa , Relaciones Padres-Hijo
5.
J Acad Nutr Diet ; 123(10): 1479-1487.e4, 2023 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37196979

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Frequency of independent eating occasions (iEOs) has been linked to intake of unhealthy foods and overweight or obesity among adolescents. Parenting practices involving modeling healthy food intake and making healthy foods available have been associated with healthy food intake among adolescents; however, little is known about these associations during iEOs. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether parenting practices involving structure (monitoring, availability, modeling, and expectations), lack of structure (indulgence), and autonomy support reported by adolescents or parents were associated with adolescent iEO intake of junk foods, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), sugary foods, and fruit and vegetables. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study measuring parenting practices and adolescent iEO food choices via an online survey and adapted food frequency questionnaire. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Parent/adolescent dyads (n = 622) completed surveys (November-December 2021) using a national Qualtrics panel database. Adolescents were 11 to 14 years of age and had iEOs at least weekly. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary measures included parent- and adolescent-reported frequency of food parenting practices and adolescent-reported iEO intake of junk foods, sugary foods, SSBs, and fruits and vegetables. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine associations between parenting practices and iEO intake of foods/beverages, adjusting for adolescent's age, sex, race and ethnicity, iEO frequency, parent's education and marital status, and household food security status. Bonferroni multiple comparison corrections were conducted. RESULTS: More than half of parents were female (66%) and 35 to 64 years of age (58%). Adolescents/parents identified as White/Caucasian (44%/42%), Black/African American (28%/27%), Asian (21%/23%), and Hispanic ethnicity (42%/42%). Positive associations were observed among adolescent-reported and parent-reported autonomy support, monitoring, indulgence and expectations parenting practices, and adolescent-reported daily iEO intake frequencies of junk foods, sugary foods, and fruits and vegetables (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Structural and autonomy support parenting practices were positively associated with both healthy and unhealthy iEO food intake by adolescents. Interventions to improve adolescent iEO intake could promote positive practices associated with healthy food consumption.


Asunto(s)
Dieta , Responsabilidad Parental , Humanos , Adolescente , Femenino , Masculino , Conducta Alimentaria , Estudios Transversales , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Verduras , Ingestión de Alimentos
6.
J Marital Fam Ther ; 48(1): 231-250, 2022 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34697816

RESUMEN

This systematic review seeks to understand the effectiveness of systemic interventions to reduce Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or child maltreatment published between January 2010 and December 2019. We found nine studies reviewing systemic interventions for IPV and 12 studies reviewing systemic interventions for child maltreatment. In our discussion, we added relevant articles published before 2010 to determine the overall state of the evidence for these interventions. We determined that parent training programs with in vivo coaching components for child maltreatment meet the criteria for well-established interventions. Relationship education approaches are probably efficacious. Parent education and family therapy programs to reduce child maltreatment, and cognitive behavioral couples treatment to reduce IPV are possibly efficacious interventions. Programs based on "naturalistic" couples therapy for IPV are experimental interventions. This review also highlights limitations in this research in addressing the needs of marginalized couples and families.


Asunto(s)
Maltrato a los Niños , Violencia de Pareja , Niño , Maltrato a los Niños/prevención & control , Familia , Humanos , Violencia de Pareja/prevención & control , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
7.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35742636

RESUMEN

Obesity is more prevalent among racial minority children in the United States, as compared to White children. Parenting practices can impact the development of children's eating behaviors and habits. In this study, we investigated the relationships among racial/ethnic backgrounds, parenting practices and styles, and eating behaviors in adolescents. Fifty-one parent-adolescent dyads were interviewed to characterize parenting practices and styles, as well as the consumption of dairy, fruits and vegetables, and unhealthy snacks. Height and weight were measured to calculate parent BMI and adolescent BMI-for-age percentiles. Three parenting practice categories-modeling, authoritative, and authoritarian-were found to be related to race/ethnicity. A higher score in authoritarian parenting practices was related to higher BMI percentiles among African American adolescents, whereas a higher score in monitoring practices was related to lower BMI percentiles among non-Hispanic White adolescents. Modeling, reasoning, and monitoring led to higher consumption of fruits and vegetables among adolescents; however, the consumption of unhealthy snacks was higher with rule-setting and lower with reasoning and authoritative practices. Finally, an analysis of the relationships between environmental factors and snack intake showed that adolescents consumed significantly more unhealthy snacks when performing other activities while eating. In conclusion, the findings from this study suggest that families' racial heritages are related to their parenting practices, BMI percentiles, and their adolescents' food consumption and eating behaviors. The results of this study can be used to develop and improve adolescent nutrition education and interventions with consideration of their racial/ethnic backgrounds.


Asunto(s)
Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Responsabilidad Parental , Adolescente , Niño , Ingestión de Alimentos , Etnicidad , Conducta Alimentaria , Humanos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Verduras
8.
Appetite ; 56(2): 261-4, 2011 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21232566

RESUMEN

The aim of the present study was to examine the relations of parenting style, parent response to negative child emotion, and family emotional expressiveness and support to child emotional eating. Mothers (N=450) completed questionnaires and their 6-8-year-old children (N=450) were interviewed. Results showed that emotional eating was negatively predicted by authoritative parenting style and family open expression of affection and emotion, and positively predicted by parent minimizing response to child negative emotion. Results suggest the need for early prevention/intervention efforts directed to these parenting and family variables.


Asunto(s)
Emociones , Conducta Alimentaria/psicología , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Responsabilidad Parental/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto , Autoritarismo , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Análisis de Regresión
9.
Nutrients ; 13(5)2021 Apr 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33924792

RESUMEN

The nature of the association between dietary restraint and weight has been examined in adult samples, but much less is known about this relationship among children. The current study examined the transactional associations among restrained eating behavior and weight among boys and girls during middle childhood. Data for this study came from 263 children participating in the Families and Schools for Health Project (FiSH), a longitudinal study of the psychosocial correlates of childhood obesity. Participants were interviewed by trained researchers in their third- and fourth-grade year when they completed questionnaires and anthropometric assessments. Dietary restraint was assessed using the restrained eating subscale of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), and weight was assessed using Body Mass Index z-scores (BMIz). Bidirectional associations between variables were examined using cross-lagged models controlling for children's sex, ethnicity, and weight in first grade. Results indicated that weight in grade 3 was related to greater dietary restraint in grade 4 (B = 0.20, p = 0.001), but dietary restraint in grade 3 was not associated with weight in grade 4 (B = 0.01, p = 0.64). Neither child sex nor race/ethnicity were associated with BMIz or dietary restraint at either time point. Findings from this study advance the existing limited understanding of eating behavior development among children and show that weight predicts increases in children's dietary restraint in middle childhood.


Asunto(s)
Índice de Masa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Conducta Infantil , Conducta Alimentaria , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Oklahoma , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34444492

RESUMEN

This cluster randomized controlled trial aimed at overweight and obese children compared three treatments. Two psychoeducation interventions for parents and children were conducted: Family Lifestyle (FL) focused on food and physical activity; Family Dynamics (FD) added parenting and healthy emotion management. A third Peer Group (PG) intervention taught social acceptance to children. Crossing interventions yielded four conditions: FL, FL + PG, FL + FD, and FL + FD + PG-compared with the control. Longitudinal BMI data were collected to determine if family- and peer-based psychosocial components enhanced the Family Lifestyle approach. Participants were 1st graders with BMI%ile >75 (n = 538: 278 boys, 260 girls). Schools were randomly assigned to condition after stratifying for community size and percent American Indian. Anthropometric data were collected pre- and post-intervention in 1st grade and annually through 4th grade. Using a two-level random intercept growth model, intervention status predicted differences in growth in BMI or BMI-M% over three years. Children with obesity who received the FL + FD + PG intervention had lower BMI gains compared to controls for both raw BMI (B = -0.05) and BMI-M% (B = -2.36). Interventions to simultaneously improve parent, child, and peer-group behaviors related to physical and socioemotional health offer promise for long-term positive impact on child obesity.


Asunto(s)
Obesidad Infantil , Niño , Ejercicio Físico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Sobrepeso , Responsabilidad Parental , Obesidad Infantil/terapia , Instituciones Académicas
11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35010370

RESUMEN

Parents play an important role in developing the eating behaviors of their children by adopting specific parenting practices. As the prevalence of obesity is high amongst African American adolescents, investigations into associations of specific parenting practices and adolescents' eating behaviors are essential. In this exploratory study, 14 African American parent-adolescent dyads were interviewed to characterize the influence of eight different parenting practices on the consumption of three main food categories (dairy, fruits and vegetables, and unhealthy snacks). The results revealed that authoritarian parenting practices were correlated with a higher BMI percentile in adolescents, whereas modeling and monitoring are correlated with a higher parent BMI. In addition, reasoning, monitoring, modeling, and authoritative parenting practices were associated with less unhealthy snack consumption among adolescents. Reasoning and monitoring were the only parenting practices associated with higher fruit and vegetable consumption. Finally, a significant correlation was found between eating fruits and vegetables and unhealthy snacks and the location of eating. In conclusion, different parenting practices and environmental factors may impact BMI and food consumption of African American dyads. The results of this study can be used to guide improvement in, and/or development of, nutritional education interventions considering the cultural differences of racial minorities.


Asunto(s)
Negro o Afroamericano , Responsabilidad Parental , Adolescente , Niño , Ingestión de Alimentos , Minorías Étnicas y Raciales , Conducta Alimentaria , Humanos , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
12.
Public Health Nutr ; 13(8): 1237-44, 2010 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19968899

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to test the moderating influence of two risk factors, maternal depression and socio-economic status (SES), on the association between authoritarian and permissive parenting styles and child obesity. DESIGN: Correlational, cross-sectional study. Parenting style was measured with the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). Maternal depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). BMI-for-age percentile was used to categorize children by weight status (children with BMI-for-age > or = 95th percentile were classified as obese). SES was computed from parent education and occupational status using the four-factor Hollingshead index. SETTING: Rural public schools in a mid-western state in the USA. SUBJECTS: One hundred and seventy-six mothers of first-grade children (ninety-one boys, eighty-five girls) enrolled in rural public schools. RESULTS: Both maternal depression and SES were found to moderate the permissive parenting style/child obesity association, but not the authoritarian/child obesity association. For depressed mothers, but not for non-depressed mothers, more permissive parenting was predictive of child obesity. Similarly more permissive parenting was predictive of child obesity among higher SES mothers, but not for lower SES mothers. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal depression and SES interact with permissive parenting style to predict child obesity. Future research should examine the relationship among these variables using a longitudinal design.


Asunto(s)
Autoritarismo , Depresión , Madres/psicología , Obesidad/etiología , Responsabilidad Parental , Tolerancia , Clase Social , Adulto , Índice de Masa Corporal , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Escolaridad , Empleo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Relaciones Padres-Hijo
13.
J Fam Psychol ; 34(3): 364-374, 2020 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31697102

RESUMEN

With online education and programs becoming increasingly common, it is necessary to examine their effectiveness. In this study, we conduct a meta-analysis of online parenting programs. In this meta-analysis, we included 28 studies yielding 127 effect sizes examining 15 outcome variables. We found that online parenting programs had the strongest effects on increasing positive parenting and parents' encouragement. We also found significant effects of reducing negative parent-child interactions, child problem behaviors, negative discipline strategies, parenting conflicts, parent stress, child anxiety, parent anger, and parent depression. Results also revealed programs' significant effects on increasing parent confidence, positive child behavior and parenting satisfaction. Comparisons of programs that included clinical support (meaning programs through which participants had access to content experts, therapists, or content specialists in conjunction with the online program) versus programs that only contained online components, revealed no significant differences in 6 program outcomes between programs with and without clinical support. Comparisons of programs provided to targeted populations versus general populations revealed no significant differences in four program outcomes between populations. Results suggest that online parenting programs can provide benefits for parents who may not be able to access in-person resources. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).


Asunto(s)
Conducta Infantil/psicología , Asesoramiento a Distancia/métodos , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Responsabilidad Parental/psicología , Padres/psicología , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Internet , Masculino , Satisfacción Personal
14.
J Nutr Educ Behav ; 52(3): 307-313, 2020 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31780273

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To develop and test parent and early adolescent questionnaires to assess food parenting practices that influence early adolescent food consumption during independent eating occasions (iEOs). METHODS: Cross-sectional online questionnaires were completed by 206 and 62 low-income parent/early adolescent (11-14 years) dyads at Time 1 and 2, respectively, recruited via a Qualtrics (Provo, UT) US national panel database. Principal component analyses, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability checks were performed. RESULTS: Six parallel components were identified for parents and early adolescents with acceptable internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Scales included autonomy support, monitoring, availability, indulgence, expectations, and modeling. All except indulgence were positively correlated with importance of helping early adolescents make healthy choices during iEOs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Additional research is needed to test the questionnaires' validity regarding relationships between parenting practices and early adolescent consumption during iEOs. Findings could inform development of interventions to improve consumption during these occasions.


Asunto(s)
Conducta del Adolescente/psicología , Conducta Infantil/psicología , Conducta Alimentaria , Encuestas Nutricionales/métodos , Adolescente , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Padres , Pobreza , Estados Unidos
15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32033251

RESUMEN

The purpose of this formative, cross-sectional study was to describe independent eating occasions (iEOs) among a convenience sample of low-income early adolescents (10-13 years, n = 46) in 10 U.S. states, including environmental context, foods selected and reasons for selection, and parental rules about foods consumed. Participants took pictures of all foods consumed over 24 h and participated in semi-structured interviews to describe the context of each eating occasion using the pictures as a guide. Responses based on a total of 304 eating occasions were coded to classify foods based on United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) MyPlate food groups and to characterize parental rules and reasons for food selection. Average age was 10.9 ± 1.1 years and 60% were female. Approximately 58% of eating occasions were classified as iEOs with approximately 65% as snacks. Most iEOs took place at home. Foods frequently consumed during iEOs were from the sweets, total fruit, dairy, and whole fruit food categories. Primary parental rules for iEOs focused on avoiding certain foods and not eating too much. Early adolescents selected foods for convenience, taste preferences, and availability. Foods selected during iEOs were based on parent, household and early adolescent factors, which could be addressed to influence overall diet quality.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Alimentaria , Pobreza , Adolescente , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas sobre Dietas , Ingestión de Energía , Femenino , Frutas , Humanos , Entrevistas como Asunto , Masculino , Investigación Cualitativa , Bocadillos , Estados Unidos
16.
J Nutr Educ Behav ; 51(8): 993-1002, 2019 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31221526

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To identify practices that parents use to influence early adolescents' food choices during independent eating occasions (iEOs) from parent and child perspectives. DESIGN: In-depth interviews. PARTICIPANTS: Low-income parents (n = 49) and early adolescent children (aged 10-13 years; n = 44) from 10 US states and the District of Columbia. PHENOMENON OF INTEREST: Parent and child perspectives on parenting practices that influence food choices during iEOs. ANALYSIS: Audio-recorded interviews transcribed verbatim, NVivo coding, and directed content analysis. RESULTS: Parents reported setting rules and expectations and managing availability or accessibility as the most common practices used to influence iEOs. Other practices included teaching, pressuring to eat, monitoring, and modeling. Children reported that their parents had rules about what they could or could not eat during iEOs and that they used specific strategies (eg, call or text) to monitor their iEOs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Additional studies are needed to confirm findings from this exploratory study. Future cross-sectional and longitudinal studies could determine whether and to what extent food parenting practices identified in the current study are associated with healthy dietary intake during iEOs, as well as potential racial and ethnic differences.


Asunto(s)
Conducta del Adolescente/psicología , Conducta de Elección , Preferencias Alimentarias/psicología , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Responsabilidad Parental/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Asunto , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pobreza , Estados Unidos
17.
J Am Diet Assoc ; 108(7): 1154-61; discussion 1161-2, 2008 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18589022

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Our goal was to identify how parental feeding practices from the nutrition literature link to general parenting styles from the child development literature to understand how to target parenting practices to increase effectiveness of interventions. Stand-alone parental feeding practices could be targeted independently. However, parental feeding practices linked to parenting styles require interventions treating underlying family dynamics as a whole. OBJECTIVE: To predict parenting styles from feeding practices and to test three hypotheses: restriction and pressure to eat are positively related whereas responsibility, monitoring, modeling, and encouraging are negatively related to an authoritarian parenting style; responsibility, monitoring, modeling, and encouraging are positively related whereas restriction and pressure to eat are negatively related to an authoritative parenting style; a permissive parenting style is negatively linked with all six feeding practices. DESIGN: Baseline data of a randomized-controlled intervention study. SUBJECTS/SETTING: Two hundred thirty-nine parents (93.5% mothers) of first-grade children (134 boys, 105 girls) enrolled in rural public schools. MEASURES: Parental responses to encouraging and modeling questionnaires and the Child Feeding Questionnaire, as well as parenting styles measured by the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire. STATISTICAL ANALYSES: Correlation and regression analyses. RESULTS: Feeding practices explained 21%, 15%, and 8% of the variance in authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting, respectively. Restriction, pressure to eat, and monitoring (negative) significantly predicted an authoritarian style (Hypothesis 1); responsibility, restriction (negative), monitoring, and modeling predicted an authoritative style (Hypothesis 2); and modeling (negative) and restriction significantly predicted a permissive style (Hypothesis 3). CONCLUSIONS: Parental feeding practices with young children predict general parenting styles. Interventions that fail to address underlying parenting styles are not likely to be successful.


Asunto(s)
Ingestión de Alimentos/psicología , Conducta Alimentaria , Responsabilidad Parental/psicología , Padres/psicología , Adulto , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Autoritarismo , Niño , Escolaridad , Conducta Alimentaria/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
18.
Child Dev Perspect ; 11(4): 275-281, 2017 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29158774

RESUMEN

In recent years, researchers and policymakers have recognized that obesity in childhood is not simply a medical problem, but is a complex social and psychological phenomenon. Our research team used an interpersonal and intrapersonal risk model to examine the psychosocial aspects of obesity among rural children. In this article, we describe how the global study of children's obesity has broadened over the last 10 to 15 years, and we present our model of interpersonal and intrapersonal risk factors, which includes complex pathways with many psychosocial variables. We then describe a large prospective longitudinal study of children in grades 1 through 4, and highlight findings from five studies guided by this model. This work illustrates opportunities for developmental scientists and practitioners to join transdisciplinary teams to develop more effective prevention and intervention programs for children.

19.
Nutrients ; 7(10): 8783-801, 2015 Oct 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26506384

RESUMEN

Among early adolescents (10-14 years), poor diet quality along with physical inactivity can contribute to an increased risk of obesity and associated biomarkers for chronic disease. Approximately one-third of United States (USA) children in this age group are overweight or obese. Therefore, attention to factors affecting dietary intake as one of the primary contributors to obesity is important. Early adolescents consume foods and beverages during eating occasions that occur with and without parental supervision. Parents may influence eating behaviors of early adolescents during eating occasions when they are present or during independent eating occasions by engaging in practices that affect availability of foods and beverages, and through perceived normative beliefs and expectations for intake. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to describe the influence of parenting practices on eating behaviors in general and when specifically applied to independent eating occasions of early adolescents. This information may be helpful to inform parenting interventions targeting obesity prevention among early adolescents focusing on independent eating occasions.


Asunto(s)
Dieta , Conducta Alimentaria , Obesidad , Responsabilidad Parental , Padres , Adolescente , Humanos , Obesidad/etiología , Obesidad/prevención & control , Relaciones Padres-Hijo
20.
J Marital Fam Ther ; 28(2): 233-9, 2002 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11977383

RESUMEN

Three comprehensive premarital assessment questionnaires (PAQs) are described, evaluated on their psychometric characteristics, and compared. They include the PREmarital Preparation and Relationship Enhancement (PREPARE) questionnaire, the Facilitating Open Couple Communication, Understanding and Study (FOCCUS) questionnaire, and the RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE). Recommendations for using each PAQ are discussed.


Asunto(s)
Consejo/métodos , Terapia Conyugal/métodos , Exámenes Prenupciales/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Femenino , Humanos , Relaciones Interpersonales , Masculino , Exámenes Prenupciales/métodos , Psicometría , Estados Unidos
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