Evaluation of Preoperative Scoring System for Predicting Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

Context: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is established as the gold standard for benign gallbladder disease. This study was done for the evaluation of preoperative scoring system given by Randhawa and Pujahari considering various preoperative parameters to predict difficulty in LC. Aims: Preoperative prediction of difficult LC using a scoring system considering various preoperative factors in elective/interval LC to predict difficult gallbladder. Settings and Design: A prospective study of 120 patients admitted for LC from January 2020 to June 2021 was analyzed. Subjects and Methods: All the patients were evaluated on the basis of Randhawa and Pujahari scoring system with the following variables: age >50 years, male sex, body mass index 25.1-27.5 and >27.5 kg/m2, previous abdominal surgery, prior hospitalization for gallstone disease, palpable gallbladder, gallbladder wall thickening, impacted stone, and pericholecystic collection. Each variable had given a score. Based on these findings, the surgical procedure was defined as easy, difficult, and very difficult. Results: One hundred and twenty cases satisfying the inclusion criteria were studied comparing different variables and assigned preoperative scoring. A score >5 was considered significant and compared with intraoperative findings. Out of 53 patients having preoperative scores >5, 40 were difficult gallbladders and 13 were easy to operate. Prediction came true in 93.0% of difficult cases and 83.1% of easy cases. Conclusions: From this study, we can conclude that the preoperative scoring system is statistically reliable to predict difficulty in LC in the majority of the cases (area under receiver operator characteristics = 0.935).

Evaluation of the Component Separation Technique for the Treatment of Patients with Large Incisional Hernia.

BACKGROUND: Incisional hernia remains a frequent complication of abdominal surgery. Results of surgical repair are disappointing with recurrence rates of suture repair being in the range of 5%-63% depending on the type of repair used, with better results using mesh implantation. For the management of such large hernias, interest has been generated in the Component Separation Technique. This technique relaxes abdominal wall by translation of muscular layers without severing the innervation and blood supply, with or without the mesh augmentation. This can accommodate for defects up to 25-30 cm in the waistline. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 20 patients with "Large Incisional Hernia" with defect size >5 cm at its maximum width or with a surface area >50 cm2 operated upon with Component Separation. Clinical outcome was measured over a follow-up period of 3 months from the surgery in terms of recurrence and other local complications. RESULTS: There were 20 patients (3 men and 17 women; 70% of cases above the age of 50 years). Mean defect size was 9.5 cm (range = 6-20 cm). Average body mass index was 28.97 kg/m2 (range = 22-37 kg/m2). Mean duration of hospital stay was 9 days (range = 5-21 days). Early complications occurred in 15% (3/20) cases and postoperative abdominal compartment or recurrence was not reported over a follow-up period of 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Component Separation Technique is a safe, easy, and quick option for patients with large hernias.

Blunt Abdominal Trauma With Hollow Viscus and Mesenteric Injury: A Prospective Study of 50 Cases.

Introduction Hollow viscus injury following blunt abdominal trauma is an infrequent diagnosis. Blunt hollow viscus and mesenteric injury (HVMI) is not only an uncommon finding but its timely diagnosis is also difficult. Due to its less frequency, this injury has not been studied in detail prospectively. Aims and objectives The aim of this study is to determine the causes, pattern, management, and outcome of HVMI following blunt abdominal trauma. Methodology This study was conducted from January 2015 to June 2016 in a high-volume tertiary care trauma center and teaching hospital in North India. All patients with blunt HVMI admitted during this period were included in this study. Data were collected regarding medical history, physical findings, demographics, injury dates and times, laboratory results, diagnostic tests, delay in surgical intervention, type of surgical procedure performed, site of injury, complications, and mortality. Results Out of a total of 6,570 trauma admissions, 465 blunt abdominal injuries were identified, and HVMI was found only in 50 patients. The small bowel was the most common injury, with the jejunum being the most commonly involved segment. All patients were managed surgically. The mean time to operative intervention after hospital admission was 4.5 hours (IQR: 2-8 hours). Primary repair was performed in 54% of patients. Mortality rate was high in patients with HVMI (22% patients). Septic shock was the most common cause of death. Conclusion Hollow viscus injury in blunt abdominal trauma is not so common finding. Early diagnosis and treatment is an important but difficult task. Prognosis depends on age, associated injuries, co-morbid conditions, and delay in operative intervention.

A Rare Case of Intra- Abdominal Bronchogenic Cyst- A Case Report.

Bronchogenic cysts are developmental foregut anomalies usually located in the mediastinum. A 90% of the bronchogenic cysts occur in the posterior aspect of superior mediastinum. Retroperitoneal location of a bronchogenic cyst is rare. We report a rare case of intra abdominal bronchogenic cyst. A CT scan was done for a 34-year-old female who presented with complains of heaviness in the right flank. CT scan revealed a large cyst of 10 x 6 cm in the right hypochondrium. Cyst was removed laparoscopically and the histopathology revealed a bronchogenic cyst.

Large Recurrent Phyllodes Tumour.

This is a case report of 45-year-old woman with recurrent phyllodes tumour. Although these tumours are not very rare and one finds them occasionally in day-to-day practice, we report here a case of recurrent phyllodes tumour that was treated by a simple mastectomy 1 year back, and it recurred very fast and attained enormous dimensions without any local ulceration.

Post-operative Abdominal Wall Mucormycosis-a Case Series.

Mucormycosis is caused by saprophtytic fungi which cause acute invasive zygomycosis. It clinically presents with necrosis, and on histopathology, acute and chronic infiltrates are seen. It rarely infects a healthy host, but is devastating in an immunocompromised host. We studied five cases with post-operative abdominal wall mucormycosis, three females and two males. Three patients were post-operative while the other two had mucormycosis following trauma and infection was found in sutured wound. All were initially diagnosed as cases of necrotizing fasciitis. Two patients eventually survived after intensive medical therapy and extensive debridements.