RESUMEN
Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL), the most prevalent intraocular lymphoma, is a subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) that often clinically mimics uveitis. It is a rare intraocular malignancy characterized by a dismal prognosis. The gold standard for PVRL diagnosis remains cytopathological examination. Additionally, auxiliary tests, such as clonal detection of tumor cells and cytokine analysis, have been employed. Moreover, recent years have witnessed the gradual development of novel molecular biomarkers and detection techniques. To optimize diagnostic strategies for PVRL patients, a comprehensive approach that integrates clinical manifestations, cytological examination, immunological assessment, and molecular biology analysis is indispensable. This article provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in the diagnosis of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Ojo , Linfoma , Neoplasias de la Retina , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Retina/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Retina/patología , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Linfoma/patología , Cuerpo Vítreo , Neoplasias del Ojo/diagnóstico , Neoplasias del Ojo/patología , PronósticoRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of hepatic echinococcus granulosus (HEG). Methods: Thirteen cases of HEG were collected from Linzhi People's Hospital between January 2017 to October 2020, and their clinicopathologic features, ultrasound classiï¬cation, immunophenotype and histochemical data were analyzed, retrospectively and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results: Thirteen patients (5 male patients, 8 female patients) were included in this cohort, and the mean age was 40 years. The most common clinical presentation was mild abdominal distention and pain (9/13). Based on WHO-IWGE ultrasound standardized classiï¬cation, these cases were classified into 5 types, including type CL (1 case), type CE1 (2 cases), type CE2 (4 cases), type CE3 (3 cases) and type CE4 (3 cases). Gross examination revealed a solitary cyst localized in the liver, varying from 2.7 to 13.5 cm in diameter, and most of them(10/13)were more than 10 cm. Histopathologically, these cysts possessed a thin inner germinal layer and outer adventitial layer, and a central cavity ï¬lled with a clear"hydatid"ï¬uid. The germinal layer was continuous and generated brood capsules and protoscoleces. The laminated membranes were clearly demonstrated by elastic fiber and Gomori's stains. Inside the"mother"cyst, there were a varying number of"daughter"vesicles of variable sizes. The inflammatory reaction around the cyst consisted of eosinophils, mononuclear cells immediately next to the cyst layer and sometimes formed granuloma and giant cells resembling the Langhan's type giant cells. The lymphoid cells were positive for CD20 and CD3. The CD68 immunohistochemistry clearly demonstrated epithelioid cells of granuloma in two cases. Moreover, immunohistochemistry revealed plasma cells were locally positive for CD38, IgG and IgG4, but not meeting the criteria for IgG4 related lesion. Conclusions: Hepatic echinococcus granulosus is a zoonotic parasitic disease prevalent in pastoral areas such as Tibet. It is important to understand its clinical features, ultrasound characteristics and histological morphology.
Asunto(s)
Quistes , Echinococcus granulosus , Adulto , Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: Objective To analyze the differences among electrical damage, burns and abrasions in pig skin using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy ï¼FTIR-MSPï¼ combined with machine learning algorithm, to construct three kinds of skin injury determination models and select characteristic markers of electric injuries, in order to provide a new method for skin electric mark identification. Methods Models of electrical damage, burns and abrasions in pig skin were established. Morphological changes of different injuries were examined using traditional HE staining. The FTIR-MSP was used to detect the epidermal cell spectrum. Principal component method and partial least squares method were used to analyze the injury classification. Linear discriminant and support vector machine were used to construct the classification model, and factor loading was used to select the characteristic markers. Results Compared with the control group, the epidermal cells of the electrical damage group, burn group and abrasion group showed polarization, which was more obvious in the electrical damage group and burn group. Different types of damage was distinguished by principal component and partial least squares method. Linear discriminant and support vector machine models could effectively diagnose different damages. The absorption peaks at 2 923 cm-1, 2 854 cm-1, 1 623 cm-1, and 1 535 cm-1 showed significant differences in different injury groups. The peak intensity of electrical injury's 2 923 cm-1 absorption peak was the highest. Conclusion FTIR-MSP combined with machine learning algorithm provides a new technique to diagnose skin electrical damage and identification electrocution.
Asunto(s)
Algoritmos , Aprendizaje Automático , Animales , Análisis de Fourier , Análisis de los Mínimos Cuadrados , PorcinosRESUMEN
Objective: To study the association between polymorphisms in CYP19A1 rs2899470, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 rs1695 and the development of endometriosis. Methods: Between October 2015 and October 2017, 262 endometriosis patients and 275 control subjects were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Genotyping was conducted using polymerase chain reaction-coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphism and multiplex allele specific polymerase chain reaction. Results: Individuals carrying the TT genotype of CYP19A1 rs2899470 expressed a higher risk of endometriosis than that carrying the GG genotype (P<0.01), and the adjusted OR was 2.33 (95%CI 1.27-4.33). In addition, individuals with the CYP19A1 rs2899470 the TT genotype aggravated the condition of endometriosis (OR=2.27, 95%CI 1.05-4.90). However, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphisms did not affect the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Conclusion: Our results suggested that CYP19A1 rs2899470 polymorphism is associated with the risk of endometriosis and the risk of disease.
Asunto(s)
Endometriosis , Aromatasa , Estudios de Casos y Controles , China , Endometriosis/genética , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Gutatión-S-Transferasa pi , Glutatión Transferasa , Humanos , Polimorfismo GenéticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To analyse the Fourier transform infrared ï¼FTIRï¼ spectral data of renal tissue at different temperatures in rats after death, and to explore the effects of temperature on the FTIR spectral characteristics of renal tissue. METHODS: The rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and placed at 4 â, 20 â and 30 â. The FTIR spectral data of renal tissue were collected at different time points and analysed by data mining method. RESULTS: The principal component analysis ï¼PCAï¼ results showed that there were significant trends of clustering in the samples of partial time point at 4 â, 20 â and 30 â. Partial least square ï¼PLSï¼ regression models were established with the spectral data at three temperature groups. The performance of PLS regression models in 20 â and 30 â groups were more superior than that in 4 â group, and the stability of the model in 20 â group was better than that in 30 â group. CONCLUSIONS: There are differences in the FTIR spectral characteristics of renal tissue of rats after death at different temperatures. Temperature has a major impact on the performance of FTIR spectral PLS regression model. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of postmortem interval estimation, the effects of temperature on the model should be considered in the related study by spectral method.
Asunto(s)
Cambios Post Mortem , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Temperatura , Animales , Autopsia , Muerte , RatasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To analyse the relationship between Fourier transform infrared ï¼FTIRï¼ spectrum of rat's spleen tissue and postmortem interval ï¼PMIï¼ for PMI estimation using FTIR spectroscopy combined with data mining method. METHODS: Rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and the cadavers were placed at 20 â. The FTIR spectrum data of rats' spleen tissues were taken and measured at different time points. After pretreatment, the data was analysed by data mining method. RESULTS: The absorption peak intensity of rat's spleen tissue spectrum changed with the PMI, while the absorption peak position was unchanged. The results of principal component analysis ï¼PCAï¼ showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 96%. There was an obvious clustering tendency for the spectrum sample at each time point. The methods of partial least squares discriminant analysis ï¼PLS-DAï¼ and support vector machine classification ï¼SVMCï¼ effectively divided the spectrum samples with different PMI into four categories ï¼0-24 h, 48-72 h, 96-120 h and 144-168 hï¼. The determination coefficient ï¼R²ï¼ of the PMI estimation model established by PLS regression analysis was 0.96, and the root mean square error of calibration ï¼RMSECï¼ and root mean square error of cross validation ï¼RMSECVï¼ were 9.90 h and 11.39 h respectively. In prediction set, the R² was 0.97, and the root mean square error of prediction ï¼RMSEPï¼ was 10.49 h. CONCLUSIONS: The FTIR spectrum of the rat's spleen tissue can be effectively analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by the combination of FTIR spectroscopy and data mining method, and the classification and PLS regression models can be established for PMI estimation.
Asunto(s)
Modelos Teóricos , Cambios Post Mortem , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Bazo/patología , Animales , Autopsia , Cadáver , Minería de Datos , Análisis Discriminante , Ratas , Análisis de RegresiónRESUMEN
Endometriosis is a common, complicated, and highly heterogeneous endocrine disease. Many genetic factors could affect the development of endometriosis. We performed a case-control study to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in CYP19A1 rs2899470, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 rs1695 and the development of endometriosis in a Chinese population. Between March 2014 and October 2015, 262 endometriosis patients and 275 control subjects were recruited from the Inner Mongolia Medical University. Genotyping was conducted using polymerase chain reaction-coupled with restriction fragment length polymorphism. Individuals carrying the TT genotype of CYP19A1 rs2899470 expressed a higher risk of endometriosis than those carrying the GG genotype, and the adjusted ORs (95%CI) was 2.33 (1.27-4.33). Moreover, those with the TG + TT genotype were correlated with an elevated risk of endometriosis, compared to those with the GG genotype (OR = 1.48, 95%CI = 1.03-2.13). However, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphisms did not affect the pathogenesis of endometriosis. In conclusion, our results suggested that CYP19A1 rs2899470 polymorphism is associated with risk for endometriosis in the Chinese population.
Asunto(s)
Aromatasa/genética , Pueblo Asiatico/genética , Endometriosis/genética , Gutatión-S-Transferasa pi/genética , Glutatión Transferasa/genética , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genotipo , Humanos , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To explore the correlation between early postmortem interval ï¼PMIï¼ and eight RNA markers of rat's brain at different temperatures. METHODS: Total 222 SD rats were randomly divided into control group ï¼PMI=0 hï¼ and four experimental groups. And the rats in the experimental groups were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and respectively kept at 5 â, 15 â, 25 â and 35 â in a controlled environment chamber. The RNA was extracted from brain tissues, which was taken at 9 time points from 1 h to 24 h postmortem. The expression levels of eight markers, ß-actin, GAPDH, RPS29, 18S rRNA, 5S rRNA, U6 snRNA, miRNA-9 and miRNA-125b, were detected using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, respectively. Proper internal reference was selected by geNorm software. Regression analysis of normalized RNA markers was performed by SPSS software. Mathematical model for PMI estimation was established using R software. Another 6 SD rats with known PMI were used to verify the mathematical model. RESULTS: 5S rRNA, miR-9 and miR-125b were suitable as internal reference markers for their stable expression. Both ß-actin and GAPDH had well time-dependent degradation patterns and degraded continually with prolongation of PMI in 24 h postmortem. The mathematical model of the variation of ΔCt values with PMI and temperature was set up by R software and the model could be used for PMI estimation. The average error rates of model validation using ß-actin and GAPDH were 14.1% and 22.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The expression levels of ß-actin and GAPDH are well correlated with PMI and environmental temperature. The mathematical model established in present study can provide references for estimating early PMI under various temperature conditions.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/patología , Modelos Teóricos , Cambios Post Mortem , Estabilidad del ARN , Temperatura , Actinas/genética , Actinas/metabolismo , Animales , Autopsia , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Marcadores Genéticos , MicroARNs , ARN Nuclear Pequeño , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Análisis de Regresión , Programas Informáticos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
In vitro studies, animal models, epidemiology, and human intervention studies provide evidence that some lactic acid bacteria can reduce the risk of certain cancers. In this study, heat-killed bacterial cells, genomic DNA, and cell wall of 7 wild Lactobacillus strains isolated from traditional fermented foods in western China were tested in vitro for cytotoxicity on colonic cancer cell line HT-29 by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The heat-killed bacterial cells, genomic DNA, and cell wall of the 7 strains exhibited direct antiproliferative activities against HT-29 cells. Among the strains, the cellular components of Lactobacillus coryniformis ssp. torquens T3L exerted marked antiproliferative activities against HT-29 cells. The maximum inhibition rates of HT-29 cells by the heat-killed bacterial cells (1x10(7) cfu/mL), cell wall (20 microg of protein/mL) and genomic DNA (100 microg/mL) of L. coryniformis ssp. torquens T3L were 30, 44.9, and 35.9%, respectively. The results indicate that the heat-killed bacterial cells, cell wall, and genomic DNA of the 7 wild Lactobacillus strains could inhibit the growth of HT-29 cells.
Asunto(s)
Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Productos Lácteos Cultivados/fisiología , Células HT29/efectos de los fármacos , Lactobacillus/fisiología , Pared Celular/fisiología , ADN Bacteriano/fisiología , Calor , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of MGP downregulation in chemoresistant ER+ breast cancer cells and its association with survival outcomes in breast cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Microarray data of dysregulated genes in chemoresistant ER+ breast cancer cells were searched in GEO datasets. MGP expression in breast cancer patients and its DNA methylation status were analyzed in TCGA database. MGP promoter methylation was assessed using Methylation-Specific PCR (MSP) assay. The association between MGP expression and survival outcomes in different sub-types of breast cancer patients after systemic therapy was analyzed by data mining in Kaplan Meier plotter and in Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner Version 4.0 (bc-GenExMiner 4.0). RESULTS: MGP is significantly downregulated in MCF-7/ADR cells compared to the parental MCF-7 cells. MCF-7/ADR cells had a significantly higher level of methylation in MGP promoter than MCF-7 cells. Demethylation treatment significantly restored MGP expression at both mRNA and protein levels. High MGP expression is associated with better relapse-free survival (RFS) in luminal A and luminal B breast cancer patients, but the association was not observed in HER2+ and basal-like subtype breast cancer patients. High MGP expression was associated with significantly lower risk of any event (AE) and also lower risk of metastatic relapse (MR). Survival curve showed that high MGP expression was associated to both better AE-free survival and MR-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: MGP is downregulated due to promoter hypermethylation in chemoresistant ER+ breast cancer cells. High MGP expression may predict better survival outcomes among ER+ breast cancer patients.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/genética , Metilación de ADN , Proteínas de la Matriz Extracelular/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/mortalidad , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/metabolismo , Bases de Datos Factuales , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Regulación hacia Abajo , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Proteínas de la Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Células MCF-7 , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismo , Proteína Gla de la MatrizRESUMEN
The metabolic power-times curves of Bacillus thuringiensis and its vegetative insecticidal protein engineered strains were determined at 30 degrees C by using a thermal activity monitor air Isothermal Microcalorimeter, ampoule method. From the power-times curves, the maximum power (Pmax) in the log phase, the growth rate constant (k), the generation times (tG), the time of the maximum power (tmax), the heat effects (Qlog) for log phase, and the total heat effect in 45 h (Qtotal) of B. thuringiensis strains can be obtained. The results indicate that their power-times curves are different. The relationship between their metabolic power-times curves and character of bacteria metabolism, and thermokinetics and gene expression were analyzed and discussed. The character of the bacteria power-times curves reflected the physiologic character of gene expression. The microcalorimetric method proved to be a reliable and sensitive tool for the assessment of the growth metabolism, the heat output in bacteria and its engineered strains. The determination of the thermokinetic character is beneficial to the control of fermentation.
Asunto(s)
Bacillus thuringiensis/crecimiento & desarrollo , Toxinas Bacterianas/biosíntesis , Regulación Bacteriana de la Expresión Génica/genética , Insecticidas/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes/biosíntesis , Animales , Bacillus thuringiensis/genética , Toxinas Bacterianas/genética , Calorimetría , Cinética , Lepidópteros/microbiología , Control Biológico de Vectores , Ingeniería de Proteínas , Proteínas Recombinantes/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Long non coding RNA (LncRNA) urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) is an oncogene in breast cancer. However, the detailed mechanism has not been fully revealed. This study explored whether UCA1 can directly interact with miR-143, a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and whether the UCA1-miR-143 axis is involved in regulation of cancer cell growth and apoptosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: miRNA microarray was performed to identify the most dysregulated miRNAs between tumor and adjacent normal tissues of breast cancer. QRT-PCR analysis was performed to assess the expression of UCA1 and miR-143. The binding between UCA1 and miR-143 was verified using dual luciferase and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis were performed to study the role of UCA1-miR-143 axis in cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis. RESULTS: UC1 was significantly upregulated, while miR-143 was significantly downregulated in the tumor tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. There are direct interactions between miR-143 and the miRNA recognition sites of UCA1. UCA1 is present in Ago2-containing RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), through association with miR-143. Through downregulating miR-143, UCA1 can modulate breast cancer cell growth and apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: UCA1 can directly interact with miR-143, lower its expression and affect its downstream regulation. Therefore, the UCA1-miR-143 axis constitutes a part of the oncogenic role of UCA1 in breast cancer.