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1.
Anesthesiology ; 130(1): 154-170, 2019 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30074931

RESUMEN

Behavioral economics seeks to define how humans respond to incentives, how to maximize desired behavioral change, and how to avoid perverse negative impacts on work effort. Relatively new in their application to physician behavior, behavioral economic principles have primarily been used to construct optimized financial incentives. This review introduces and evaluates the essential components of building successful financial incentive programs for physicians, adhering to the principles of behavioral economics. Referencing conceptual publications, observational studies, and the relatively sparse controlled studies, the authors offer physician leaders, healthcare administrators, and practicing anesthesiologists the issues to consider when designing physician incentive programs to maximize effectiveness and minimize unintended consequences.


Asunto(s)
Economía del Comportamiento , Motivación , Médicos/economía , Reembolso de Incentivo/economía , Humanos
2.
Harmful Algae ; 82: 73-81, 2019 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30928012

RESUMEN

Human respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses can result from exposures to brevetoxins originating from coastal Florida red tide blooms, comprising the marine alga Karenia brevis (K. brevis). Only limited research on the extent of human health risks and illness costs due to K. brevis blooms has been undertaken to date. Because brevetoxins are known neurotoxins that are able to cross the blood-brain barrier, it is possible that exposure to brevetoxins may be associated with neurological illnesses. This study explored whether K. brevis blooms may be associated with increases in the numbers of emergency department visits for neurological illness. An exposure-response framework was applied to test the effects of K. brevis blooms on human health, using secondary data from diverse sources. After controlling for resident population, seasonal and annual effects, significant increases in emergency department visits were found specifically for headache (ICD-9 784.0) as a primary diagnosis during proximate coastal K. brevis blooms. In particular, an increased risk for older residents (≥55 years) was identified in the coastal communities of six southwest Florida counties during K. brevis bloom events. The incidence of headache associated with K. brevis blooms showed a small but increasing association with K. brevis cell densities. Rough estimates of the costs of this illness were developed for hypothetical bloom occurrences.


Asunto(s)
Dinoflagelados , Floraciones de Algas Nocivas , Humanos , Neurotoxinas
3.
Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol ; 8(2): 492-8, 2015 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25669654

RESUMEN

Although identification and management of cardiovascular risk markers have provided important population risk insights and public health benefits, individual risk prediction remains challenging. Using sudden cardiac death risk as a base case, the complex epidemiology of sudden cardiac death risk and the substantial new funding required to study individual risk are explored. Complex epidemiology derives from the multiple subgroups having different denominators and risk profiles, while funding limitations emerge from saturation of conventional sources of research funding without foreseeable opportunities for increases. A resolution to this problem would have to emerge from new sources of funding targeted to individual risk prediction. In this analysis, we explore the possibility of a research funding strategy that would offer business incentives to the insurance industries, while providing support for unresolved research goals. The model is developed for the case of sudden cardiac death risk, but the concept is applicable to other areas of the medical enterprise.


Asunto(s)
Investigación Biomédica/economía , Cardiología/economía , Muerte Súbita Cardíaca/prevención & control , Técnicas de Apoyo para la Decisión , Sector de Atención de Salud/economía , Seguro de Salud/economía , Apoyo a la Investigación como Asunto/economía , Presupuestos , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Muerte Súbita Cardíaca/epidemiología , Humanos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo
4.
Appl Environ Educ Commun ; 14(3): 167-177, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27087790

RESUMEN

This study investigated newspaper coverage of Florida red tide blooms in four metropolitan areas of Southwest Florida during a 25-year period, 1987-2012. We focused on how journalists framed red tide stories with respect to environmental risk, health risk, and economic risk. We determined risk to be a key factor in this news coverage, being an aspect of coverage of red tide itself in terms of environmental risk, tourism risk, and public health risk. The study found that red tide news coverage is most often framed as an environmental story.

5.
Hosp Top ; 81(2): 4-8, 2003.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14719745

RESUMEN

During the thirty-year period between 1965 and 1995, national healthcare expenditures rose significantly to a point where it became an untenable situation for any payer class: patient, employer, or government. Although managed care was offered as a conceptual framework for providing an opportunity for improving the health of the population while limiting the growth in expenditures, significant concern remained regarding the perceived quality of care and the underlying incentive structures. The author examines current healthcare incentive structures and proposes a structural model associated with long-term contracting to allow managed care to attain its intended objectives of enhanced quality and cost containment.


Asunto(s)
Planes para Motivación del Personal , Promoción de la Salud , Programas Controlados de Atención en Salud/economía , Garantía de la Calidad de Atención de Salud/economía , Continuidad de la Atención al Paciente , Control de Costos , Planes de Asistencia Médica para Empleados , Política de Salud , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Humanos , Programas Controlados de Atención en Salud/normas , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Estados Unidos
7.
Popul Health Manag ; 13(4): 177-82, 2010 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20735244

RESUMEN

Concierge medicine (also called retainer practices or consumer-focused care) represents a new approach to the delivery of primary care. This model involves more personalized attention and greater resources for individual patients, thus limiting the number of patients who can be served at each practice. All enrolled members must pay an annual membership fee or retainer. Given the short history and novelty of concierge medicine, this article explores the clinical, economic, marketing, ethical, and policy implications of this innovative approach to primary care.


Asunto(s)
Contratos , Difusión de Innovaciones , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Contratos/legislación & jurisprudencia , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Humanos , Administración de la Práctica Médica/organización & administración , Atención Primaria de Salud , Estados Unidos
8.
Environ Health Perspect ; 117(8): 1239-43, 2009 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19672403

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Algal blooms of Karenia brevis, a harmful marine algae, occur almost annually off the west coast of Florida. At high concentrations, K. brevis blooms can cause harm through the release of potent toxins, known as brevetoxins, to the atmosphere. Epidemiologic studies suggest that aerosolized brevetoxins are linked to respiratory illnesses in humans. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized a relationship between K. brevis blooms and respiratory illness visits to hospital emergency departments (EDs) while controlling for environmental factors, disease, and tourism. We sought to use this relationship to estimate the costs of illness associated with aerosolized brevetoxins. METHODS: We developed a statistical exposure-response model to express hypotheses about the relationship between respiratory illnesses and bloom events. We estimated the model with data on ED visits, K. brevis cell densities, and measures of pollen, pollutants, respiratory disease, and intra-annual population changes. RESULTS: We found that lagged K. brevis cell counts, low air temperatures, influenza outbreaks, high pollen counts, and tourist visits helped explain the number of respiratory-specific ED diagnoses. The capitalized estimated marginal costs of illness for ED respiratory illnesses associated with K. brevis blooms in Sarasota County, Florida, alone ranged from $0.5 to $4 million, depending on bloom severity. CONCLUSIONS: Blooms of K. brevis lead to significant economic impacts. The costs of illness of ED visits are a conservative estimate of the total economic impacts. It will become increasingly necessary to understand the scale of the economic losses associated with K. brevis blooms to make rational choices about appropriate mitigation.


Asunto(s)
Salud Ambiental/economía , Eutrofización , Costos de la Atención en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Exposición por Inhalación/economía , Enfermedades Respiratorias/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Respiratorias/economía , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Florida , Humanos , Toxinas Marinas/economía , Toxinas Marinas/toxicidad , Oxocinas/economía , Oxocinas/toxicidad
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