RESUMEN
The accuracy of risk prediction for coronary artery disease can be improved with the use of novel molecular or genetic biomarkers. In this study, we investigated the difference of five selected microRNAs (miR or miRNA) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and controls, assessed by coronary angiography. The study population consisted of 85 subjects, aged between 18 and 75 years and underwent invasive coronary angiography. Subjects with more than 30% stenosis in at least one coronary artery, patients with a history of prior percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary by-pass surgery were allocated to the patient group; whereas the subjects without at least 30% stenosis consisted the control group. Groups were similar in age, presence of hypertension, and smoking status. However, the proportion of males and subjects taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta blockers, nitrates, and statins were higher in the patient group. miR-221 and miR-155 were downregulated (P = .02 and .001, respectively), while miR-21 levels were significantly increased (P = .003) in the patient group compared to controls. Changes in miR-145 and miR-126 did not reach statistical significance (P > .05). miRNA- 21, miR-155, and miR-221 were differentially expressed between the patients and controls. miRNAs are promising biomarkers for CAD diagnosis, however, this requires further research with larger groups.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/sangre , Leucocitos Mononucleares/citología , MicroARNs/sangre , Adolescente , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/farmacología , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores/sangre , Angiografía Coronaria , Regulación hacia Abajo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has many comorbidities such as coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke. Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and oxidative stress play a significant role in CAD and COPD. We analysed that impact of COPD on intensity and severity of coronary artery lesions on the angiogram in the groups of patients with COPD according to the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grades updated in 2015. METHODS: The study included 102 COPD patients and 80 randomly selected subjects without any pulmonary disease who underwent coronary angiography. According to the GOLD grade for COPD, patients were divided into four groups: A, B, C and D. The severity and extent of CAD were determined using the Gensini score. RESULTS: There were no significant between-group differences in age, body mass index, smoking history, plasma lipids levels, frequency of hypertension, diabetes and CAD. The mean Gensini score in patients with COPD was significantly higher than those without (respectively, 25.7 ± 32.9 vs 17.5 ± 24.8, P = 0.01). While Gensini score was the highest level in the patient group D (64.9 ± 34.9), it was the lowest level in the patient group A (10.2 ± 19.4, P = 0.0001). The Gensini scores increased in accordance with increases in the GOLD grades. We observed that COPD was independently predictive for Gensini score after a multi-variate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio 1.374; 95% confidence interval 1.672-9.232; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Severity and intensity of coronary atherosclerosis increases in accordance with increases in the GOLD grades for COPD.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/patología , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/complicaciones , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/fisiopatología , Anciano , Comorbilidad , Angiografía Coronaria/métodos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Prospectivos , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/patología , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Fumar/efectos adversos , Fumar/epidemiología , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Obesity alters endocrine and metabolic functions of adipose tissue and has been recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease, which in turn may contribute to the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity-associated vasculopathy and cardiovascular disease. The pathogenesis of obesity involves many regulatory pathways including transcriptional regulatory networks, including microRNAs. METHODS: A total of 83 patients were included in the study. Patients were recruited from a cardiology outpatient clinic and were allocated into 3 age- and sex-matched groups according to their body mass index. Group 1 included 23 morbidly obese, group 2 30 obese, and group 3 30 normal or overweight subjects. RESULTS: In our study, we showed that miR-143 and miR-223 levels were significantly lower in groups 1 and 2 than the control group (normal BMI or overweight). CONCLUSIONS: Obesity leads to alterations in miRNA expressions and miRNA-143 and -223s can be used as biomarkers for the metabolic changes in obesity.
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MicroARNs/sangre , Obesidad/sangre , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangre , Índice de Masa Corporal , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Hexosaminidasas/sangre , Humanos , Inflamación/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/genética , Peroxidasa/sangreRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare systolic blood pressure recovery and heart rate recovery (HRR) values obtained at various time intervals after maximal graded exercise treadmill testing between patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and the controls without MS. To our knowledge, this is the first study indicating systolic blood pressure recovery (SBPR) impairment and its relations to HRR and other variables in this group of patients. The study population included 110 patients with MS (67 men, 43 women; mean age: 46â±â9 years) and 110 control subjects who did not meet the criteria for MS (58 men, 52 women; mean age: 44 ± 10 years). All patients were selected from nonobese, apparently healthy sedentary individuals who had the ability to perform maximum exercise testing. SBPR was assessed by calculating the ratio of systolic blood pressure (SBP) obtained in the third minute of the recovery period to either the peak-exercise SBP or the SBP in the first minute of the recovery period after graded exercise testing. HRR values were calculated by subtracting the HR at the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth minutes of the recovery period from the HR reached at peak exercise. There was no significant difference found between the 2 groups with respect to age and sex distribution. As expected, patients with MS had higher waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose and serum triglyceride, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with control subjects. All HRR values calculated in the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth minutes were significantly detected lower in the MS group compared with the control group (HRR 1st: 32 ± 10 vs 36 ± 11; P = 0.009; HRR 2nd: 47 ± 10 vs 51 ± 11; P = 0.02; HRR 3rd: 53 ± 11 vs 58 ± 12; P = 0.001; HRR 4th: 57 ± 11 vs 64 ± 12; P < 0.001; HRR 5th: 60 ± 16 vs 69 ± 15; P < 0.001). In addition, calculated mean values for SBPR1 and SBPR2 were >1 in patients with MS (1.01â±â0.2 vs 0.91 ± 0.1 and 1.01 ± 0.1 vs 0.94 ± 0.1) and these were statistically significant compared with the control group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). The existence of MS was found to be the only parameter that was independently and positively related to SBPR values in the study population. Our findings suggest that only the existence of MS itself, not the presence of any MS components, is independently associated with SBPRs. We are of the opinion that significantly impaired SBPR values, in addition to the decreased HRR values observed in this group of patients, such as those with MS, may especially help identify patients with potentially increased cardiovascular risk despite normal exercise stress testing findings.
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Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Tolerancia al Ejercicio , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Síndrome Metabólico , Recuperación de la Función/fisiología , Adulto , Glucemia , Índice de Masa Corporal , Prueba de Esfuerzo/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Lípidos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólico/sangre , Síndrome Metabólico/diagnóstico , Síndrome Metabólico/fisiopatología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Prospectivos , Análisis de Regresión , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Turquía , Circunferencia de la CinturaRESUMEN
Coronary artery fistulas are the second most frequently seen coronary anomaly following abnormalities of coronary artery origin and distribution. A coronary fistula is defined as a direct communication between a coronary artery and any cardiac chamber or vessel. Treatment options include percutaneous embolization and surgical intervention. Herein, we present a case of a giant coronary artery fistula and right atrial tachycardia that was induced during a diagnostic electrophysiologic study but was not inducible after the successful treatment of the fistula. This is the first case indicating this association.
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Fístula Arteriovenosa/terapia , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Embolización Terapéutica/instrumentación , Taquicardia Supraventricular/terapia , Vena Cava Inferior , Fístula Arteriovenosa/complicaciones , Fístula Arteriovenosa/patología , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Taquicardia Supraventricular/complicacionesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate heart rate recovery (HRR) and association between coronary flow rate and HRR in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) who had morphologically normal coronary angiogram. METHODS: Study population included 43 patients with MS and 37 control subjects without MS. All patients were selected from individuals who had recently undergone coronary angiography in our hospital and were diagnosed as having angiographically normal coronary arteries. Exercise stress test results obtained prior to coronary angiography were evaluated for calculating HRR and other parameters. In addition, coronary flow was objectively evaluated for each major coronary artery in each subject using TIMI frame count method. RESULTS: All HRR values calculated were detected significantly lower in MS group compared to controls (HRR first: 32 ± 9 vs. 37 ± 10; p = 0.01, second: 46 ± 11 vs. 52 ± 11; p = 0.03, third: 51 ± 12 vs. 59 ± 12; p = 0.00, fourth: 54 ± 13 vs. 61 ± 2; p = 0.02). TIMI frame counts for each major epicardial coronary artery and mean TIMI frame count were also found to be significantly higher in MS group compared to controls (left anterior descending artery:51 ± 24 vs. 39 ± 15; p = 0.009, left circumflex artery: 32 ± 11 vs. 24 ± 7; p = 0.001, right coronary artery: 33 ± 14 vs. 24 ± 10; p = 0.003, mean TIMI frame count: 38 ± 15 vs. 29 ± 9;p = 0.002). Additionally, significant negative correlations were also detected between HRR first minute and coronary TIMI frame count values in patients with MS. None of MS parameters did not affect HRR values, however mean TIMI frame count independently associated with HRR first minute (p = 0.04) in patients with MS. CONCLUSIONS: Impaired coronary blood flow occurring in MS might be a clue of autonomic dysfunction in addition to previously known endothelial dysfunction.
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Velocidad del Flujo Sanguíneo/fisiología , Angiografía Coronaria , Circulación Coronaria/fisiología , Vasos Coronarios/fisiopatología , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Síndrome Metabólico/fisiopatología , Recuperación de la Función , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólico/diagnóstico , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Many drugs are known to cause lengthening of the QT interval. Ibandronic acid is a frequently used agent in the treatment of osteoporosis and is known to cause prolongation of the QT interval due to hypocalcaemia. However, no cases of long QT syndrome associated with ventricular tachycardia (VT) with a serum calcium level within the normal limits have been reported in the literature. We report on a case of a VT-based long QT syndrome associated with the use of ibandronic acid.
Asunto(s)
Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/efectos adversos , Difosfonatos/efectos adversos , Ventrículos Cardíacos/patología , Osteoporosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Taquicardia Ventricular/diagnóstico , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/diagnóstico , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/administración & dosificación , Difosfonatos/administración & dosificación , Ecocardiografía , Electrocardiografía/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Hipocalcemia , Ácido Ibandrónico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoporosis/complicaciones , Recuperación de la Función , Taquicardia Ventricular/complicaciones , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/etiología , Privación de TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: At present, the precise pathophysiology of the slow coronary flow phenomenon (SCFP) is still unknown and there is no consensus as to how it should be treated. The rheological factors affect the clinical course of various cardiovascular diseases. We studied the intrinsic properties of blood in the SCFP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six SCFP patients who had angiographically confirmed SCFP, and had otherwise normal epicardial coronary arteries, were included in our study, as were 30 healthy individuals with normal results from arteriography. Red blood cell (RBC) deformability, aggregation, whole-blood viscosity at both native and standard (40%) hematocrit, and plasma viscosity were determined in each individual. The results were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U-test, an unpaired t-test, and a χ-test, where appropriate. RESULTS: The mean thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count was significantly higher in SCFP patients than in the controls. RBC deformability measured at five different shear rates was significantly higher in SCFP patients than in the controls. The RBC aggregation index was lower in SCFP patients. There were no statistically significant differences in RBC aggregation half-time (t1/2) and aggregation amplitude, whole-blood viscosity, and plasma viscosity between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The SCFP is associated with increased RBC deformability and decreased RBC aggregation. These hemorheological alterations, possibly also contributing factors in limiting the pathogenesis, can especially serve as beneficial adaptive mechanisms in the SCFP.