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1.
Qual Health Res ; 34(7): 662-675, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38236009

RESUMEN

Hispanic women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) face unique disparities. They have poorer health outcomes and are less likely to seek help than their non-Hispanic counterparts. When women remain in relationships where IPV occurs and refuse to disclose or seek treatment, they may resort to self-silencing, which can also worsen health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop a theory that explains how self-silencing evolves among Hispanic women who experience IPV. Participants were recruited from two research studies focused on Hispanic women's health, and from snowball sampling, which involved referrals by previously registered participants. Data were collected via Zoom® and included individual interviews. A total of 25 women participated in this study. Analysis followed constructive grounded theory levels of analysis described by Charmaz and constant comparative methods described by Glaser and Strauss. A grounded theory entitled Bearing (Aguantando) With Intimate Partner Violence emerged from the data. The theory explains the main strategy Hispanic women use to deal with violence while remaining in a relationship where IPV occurs. The theory is constructed of four categories with subcategories. The results of this study provide an initial framework to understand the self-silencing process among Hispanic women who experience IPV. In addition, this study identifies different levels of interventions that can be useful for researchers and healthcare providers to promote Hispanic women's ability to become empowered, use their voices, and seek help.


Asunto(s)
Teoría Fundamentada , Hispánicos o Latinos , Violencia de Pareja , Humanos , Femenino , Hispánicos o Latinos/psicología , Violencia de Pareja/psicología , Violencia de Pareja/etnología , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Entrevistas como Asunto , Investigación Cualitativa
2.
Issues Ment Health Nurs ; 44(5): 357-365, 2023 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37043674

RESUMEN

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the availability of resources, exposure to psychological intimate partner violence (P-IPV), and depression in Hispanic women in South Florida. This secondary data analysis used cross-sectional baseline data from SEPA (Salud, Educación, Prevención y Autocuidado) III. SEPA III was a randomized controlled trial that tested the SEPA intervention with 320 cisgender, sexually active Hispanic women. Descriptive analysis, logistic, and multiple regressions were conducted. Lower sexual relationship power and attending religious services were associated with higher odds of P-IPV. Reporting a history of P-IPV in the last 3 months predicted depression scores and higher depression scores were associated with higher odds of experiencing P-IPV. Participants with higher depressive scores reported less education, increased emergency room utilization, and less sexual relationship power. P-IPV is highly prevalent among Hispanic women living in South Florida. The availability of personal and community resources can buffer the risk of P-IPV and its mental health consequences. Nurses can strengthen women's resources to prevent Hispanic women from exposure to P-IPV.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Violencia de Pareja , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/etnología , Depresión/psicología , Hispánicos o Latinos , Violencia de Pareja/etnología , Violencia de Pareja/psicología , Violencia de Pareja/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta Sexual , Florida , Disparidades en Atención de Salud/etnología , Disparidades en Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos
3.
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv ; 61(11): 32-42, 2023 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37256745

RESUMEN

The purpose of the current study was to identify biopsychosocial factors associated with depressive symptoms among Hispanic women aged ≥50 years. Cross-sectional data related to 10 biological, psychological, and social factors were analyzed. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale scores suggested that 32% of the sample had depressive symptoms. Self-esteem, self-perception of health status, income, and chronic pain had statistically significant associations with depressive symptoms. A logistic regression analysis showed that increasing self-esteem scores were associated with decreases in the likelihood of having depressive symptoms. Findings underscore that depression is associated with biological, psychological, and social factors. Culturally tailored interventions that aim at targeting these factors may have an impact on Hispanic women's depression and overall well-being. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61(11), 32-42.].


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Hispánicos o Latinos , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/psicología , Hispánicos o Latinos/psicología , Autoimagen , Persona de Mediana Edad
4.
J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc ; 28(3): 216-224, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32469282

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Among older adults, minority older women will account for 60% of the new HIV diagnoses. The psychosocial impact of living with HIV among this vulnerable population narrated by their own voices has been understudied. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to explore the psychosocial impact of living with HIV on minority older women. METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted with 28 minority older women living with HIV at an Ambulatory Care Center HIV Clinic in South Florida. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Conventional content analysis was used to identify and define the major themes that emerged from the interviews. Questions included those concerning description of life after the HIV diagnosis, most challenging aspects of life after the diagnosis, and daily activities since the diagnosis. RESULTS: The analysis of the interview data led to five main themes: (I) Social Impact of HIV, (II) Threats to Health and Well-Being, (III) HIV as a Death Sentence, (IV) Spirituality, and (V) HIV Treatment Adherence. In their narratives, women described a myriad of psychosocial issues such as depressed mood, isolation, economic challenges, stigma, anhedonia of interest, fear of death, among others. CONCLUSIONS: There is a compelling empirical need for rapid implementation of a culturally tailored, holistic, low-cost, multistrategy intervention to early screen and reduce the psychosocial impact of HIV among minority older women.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Trastornos Fóbicos , Investigación Cualitativa , Estigma Social , Espiritualidad
5.
J Pediatr Nurs ; 60: 139-145, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33962303

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: HPV vaccination among United States's rural Hispanic youth is suboptimal to the Healthy People 2030 goal. Rural Hispanic parents' HPV vaccine (HPVV) perceptions have influenced these low rates. Furthermore, few effective interventions for increasing HPV vaccination among rural Hispanic populations exist. This study aimed to determine rural Hispanic parent's preferred HPV and HPVV learning methods to guide future HPV prevention interventions. DESIGN AND METHODS: A descriptive qualitative design was used. A total of 23 rural Hispanic parents from South Florida participated in four focus groups. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the transcripts. RESULTS: Three overcharging themes were identified: 1) Learning method preferences for parents, 2) Learning method preferences for youth, and 3) Learning method preferences for families. Sub-themes included participants' preferences on their interest for an intervention, target audiences, teaching methods, availability of community members, intervention facilitators, and content. CONCLUSIONS: Addressing HPV vaccination by developing culturally tailored programs for rural Hispanic parents is urgently needed to prevent HPV and HPV-related cancers among this disproportionately affected population. Findings highlight essential elements that should be considered when designing an intervention for increasing HPV vaccination among Hispanics in rural settings. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Pediatric nurses must offer culturally appropriate HPVV education and literature and proactively recommend the HPVV at every opportunity. Pediatric nurses can administer the HPVV at schools and community health fairs while clinics can play educational clips in waiting and examination rooms.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Vacunas contra Papillomavirus , Adolescente , Niño , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Hispánicos o Latinos , Humanos , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/prevención & control , Padres , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud , Vacunación
6.
J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc ; : 10783903211058786, 2021 Nov 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34796759

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In 2018, one in six newly diagnosed individuals with HIV in the United States were adults aged 50 years and older, 24% were women, and 60% were Black/African American and Hispanic (42% and 18%, respectively). OBJECTIVES: This study aims to examine the factors associated with HIV psychosocial illness impact among Black/African American and Hispanic older women living with HIV. METHOD: Guided by the socioecological model, a secondary data analysis design with cross-sectional data that included 138 Black/African American and Hispanic women aged 50 years and older was conducted. RESULTS: Higher levels of avoidant coping, depressive symptoms, negative self-perception of health, and decreased social support were significant factors associated with HIV psychosocial illness impact among this sample. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study can contribute to identifying solutions to prevent and decrease these negative factors associated with HIV psychosocial illness impact among Black/African American and Hispanic older women.

7.
Clin Gerontol ; 44(3): 273-287, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33126832

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Literature shows that sexual activity remains important at older age and is a valued part of life. However, little is known about the intimate partner relationships (IPR) among minority older women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The purpose of this study is to explore the effect HIV diagnosis had on the intimate partner relationships (IPR) among minority older women living with HIV (MOWH). METHODS: Qualitative descriptive study. A total of 28 MOWH (Black and Latinas) aged 50 years and older participated in face to face semi-structured in-depth interviews. Interviews were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS: Three themes emerged from the analysis: (a)"Intimate partner relationships before HIV diagnosis" that revealed sexual practices increasing the risk for HIV in their intimate relationships; (b)"Facing relationship consequences of HIV disclosure after diagnosis" explored the consequences of HIV disclosure, and how disclosure determined the future of their intimate relationships; and (c) "Intimate partner relationships after HIV diagnosis" described the quality of intimate partner relationships and changes after HIV diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study contribute to understanding and increasing awareness of the effect of HIV on the intimacy of MOWH. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Education provided by health care workers and interventions targeting MOWH should address the effect of HIV in IPR, address MOWH's concerns about it, and help them to improve their overall health.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH , Parejas Sexuales , Anciano , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Humanos , Relaciones Interpersonales , Investigación Cualitativa , Conducta Sexual
8.
J Pediatr Nurs ; 54: 24-33, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32521437

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Few studies have tried to understand the factors related to HPV vaccination among Hispanics living in rural communities in the United States (US). Nationally, HPV vaccination among Hispanics is suboptimal (26.1%) compared to the HealthyPeople 2020 goal of 80% and even more suboptimal in rural communties. This study aimed to determine the salient factors among Hispanic parents for vaccinating their children against HPV and for designing a future HPV prevention intervention for Hispanics. DESIGN AND METHODS: A descriptive qualitative design was used. Saturation was reached after conducting four focus groups with 23 Hispanic parents from rural communities in South Florida. Directed content analysis using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs was used to analyze the transcripts. RESULTS: All TPB constructs were identified as salient factors for HPV vaccination including background factors, attitudes towards the behavior, perceived norms, perceived behavioral control, actual control, intention, and behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Addressing HPV vaccination by developing educational programs based on the TPB and tailored to meet the needs of Hispanic parents is urgently needed to prevent HPV among Hispanics in rural US communities. This approach can also serve as a directive to target HPV vaccination among Hispanics in other rural areas in the US. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Pediatric nurses must proactively promote and recommend the HPV vaccine (HPVV), educate parents on having sex-related discussions with their children, include children in the HPVV education and decision, bundle the HPVV with other child vaccines, and utilize reminder systems to ensure completion of the vaccine series.


Asunto(s)
Alphapapillomavirus , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Vacunas contra Papillomavirus , Niño , Florida , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Hispánicos o Latinos , Humanos , Papillomaviridae , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/prevención & control , Padres , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud , Población Rural , Estados Unidos , Vacunación
9.
J Pediatr Nurs ; 50: 105-112, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31805493

RESUMEN

Preparation for surgery with the induction of general anesthesia is one of the most stressful events that a child can experience. It produces several threats to the child, including physical harm, parent separation, and fear of the unknown. Anesthesia providers utilize non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions to decrease this preoperatively. However, little is known about the non-pharmacological interventions utilized by anesthesia providers in practice. The purpose of this study was to explore non-pharmacological interventions utilized by anesthesia providers before and during the induction of general anesthesia to reduce preoperative distress in children ages one to six years old. A qualitative descriptive approach was used in this study. Twenty anesthesia providers, fourteen registered nurse anesthetists and six anesthesiologists, participated in face to face, in-depth interviews in South Florida. Content analysis was used to identify and define the major themes that emerged from the interviews. A total of seven main themes were identified. Only the three themes directly related to parent-provider-child relationship are discussed in this paper: (I) Communication, (II) Observational Skills, and (III) Parental Presence. The anesthesia providers who participated in this study offered an opportunity to better understand the non-pharmacological interventions used to impact the management of preoperative distress among children. Study findings provide evidence about non-pharmacological anesthesia providers' clinical work not found elsewhere in the literature. Non-pharmacological interventions are effective in reducing preoperative distress in children.


Asunto(s)
Anestesia General , Ansiedad/prevención & control , Relaciones Enfermero-Paciente , Cuidados Preoperatorios , Adulto , Ansiedad/etiología , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Asunto , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Investigación Cualitativa
10.
J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc ; 26(6): 576-585, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31253058

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of depression spans age-groups, but it can be particularly destructive for older people with chronic illness. Among older Black women living with HIV (OBWLH), multiple social determinants have been associated with the prevalence and severity of depression. A greater understanding of the impact of the social determinants at the individual, interpersonal, and community levels is needed. AIMS: To explore social determinants of depression among OBWLH at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community levels. METHOD: Cross-sectional descriptive design. RESULTS: A total of 118 OBWLH were analyzed in the study. Depression was prevalent among the participants. Approximately 89.8% of the participants had moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Health status, exercise, and social support were significant predictors of depression in the sample. CONCLUSION: Social determinants at multiple levels play a significant role in the occurrence and management of depression among OBWLH. Implications for practice, education, and research can be drawn from these findings.


Asunto(s)
Negro o Afroamericano/estadística & datos numéricos , Depresión/diagnóstico , Infecciones por VIH/etnología , Determinantes Sociales de la Salud , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/epidemiología , Ejercicio Físico , Femenino , Estado de Salud , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Apoyo Social , Estados Unidos/epidemiología
11.
J Nurs Scholarsh ; 51(4): 427-437, 2019 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30888099

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of selected facilitators, barriers, beliefs, and knowledge suggested by the literature to be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among heterosexual Hispanic women. DESIGN: This study utilizes a cross-sectional design to analyze secondary data from SEPA III: The Effectiveness Trial. SEPA stands for Salud, Educacion, Prevencion y Autocuidado, which translates to Health, Education, Prevention, and Self-Care. The Social Cognitive Model (SCM) guided this study. METHODS: Three hundred twenty heterosexual Hispanic women 18 to 50 years of age participated in this study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. FINDINGS: The most common facilitators for HIV testing were receiving recommendations from a healthcare provider (HCP) and the test is offered by an HCP rather than women asking for it. The most common barrier to testing was having no reason to believe they were infected. Most women believed a positive test result would encourage them to take better care of themselves. However, as much as 15% of women reported desires to kill or hurt themselves if they test positive. On the other hand, a negative result would make them assume their partners are negative and thus do not need to be tested. Significantly, explanatory variables related to HIV testing were knowledge and the HIV test is offered by an HCP instead of women asking for it. CONCLUSIONS: Strengthening HIV knowledge and offering HIV tests are significant contributions that nurses make to the health of Hispanic women. The SCM can be used to design programs to increase HIV testing among Hispanic women. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nurses are encouraged to offer testing and provide culturally competent HIV prevention education to increase HIV testing among Hispanic women.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Hispánicos o Latinos/estadística & datos numéricos , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Florida , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven
12.
J Nurs Scholarsh ; 48(2): 128-38, 2016 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26930046

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: This study aims to describe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related knowledge and beliefs, as well as understanding attitudes towards masculinity in the context of HIV prevention, held among Chilean men. DESIGN: This study reports the qualitative findings of a sequential qualitative-quantitative mixed methodology study: Bringing men into HIV Prevention in Chile, NIH R01 TW007674-03. METHODS: Twenty in-depth interviews using a qualitative, descriptive approach to elicit information for the study were conducted among men residing in two communities of low socio-economic status in Santiago, Chile. FINDINGS: Content analysis of interviews revealed three main themes regarding machismo and how it relates to HIV: sexuality and machismo, the changing nature of machismo, and violence against women. CONCLUSIONS: Addressing HIV and intimate partner violence through developing education programs tailored to meet the needs of Chilean men are needed to include men in HIV prevention efforts. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Specifically, incorporating ideas of what men consider healthy masculinity and working to destigmatize men who have sex with men are important steps in addressing the negative aspects of machismo.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Masculinidad , Adolescente , Adulto , Chile , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Investigación Cualitativa , Adulto Joven
13.
J Nurs Scholarsh ; 47(2): 106-16, 2015 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25410132

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is high among young Chilean women, and there are no STI or HIV prevention interventions available to them that incorporate technology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the preliminary efficacy of an Internet-based STI and HIV prevention intervention (I-STIPI) for Chilean young women on measures of STI- and HIV-related information, motivation, behavioral skills, and preventive behaviors. DESIGN: This is a pretest-posttest study. Forty young Chilean women between 18 and 24 years of age participated in an investigation of the I-STIPI's preliminary efficacy on STI and HIV prevention-related outcomes between baseline and a postintervention assessment. The intervention consisted of four online modules. Data collection was conducted in Santiago, Chile. Paired-samples t test analysis was used to determine whether there were significant differences in each of the outcome variables. FINDINGS: After receiving I-STIPI, women reported a significant increase in levels of STI- and HIV-related knowledge, attitudes toward the use of condoms and perceived self-efficacy, and a reduction of risky sexual behaviors with uncommitted partners. CONCLUSIONS: The I-STIPI showed promise as an Internet-based intervention that can reduce barriers to accessing preventive interventions and increase STI and HIV preventive behaviors in young Chilean women. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The study provided important information about the ability of an Internet-based intervention to reduce young women's risk factors and to provide positive preliminary efficacy on STI- and HIV-related outcomes. Internet-based interventions can eliminate many barriers to receiving prevention interventions and may prove to be cost effective.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Internet , Servicios Preventivos de Salud/métodos , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/prevención & control , Adolescente , Adulto , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Chile , Condones/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios de Factibilidad , Femenino , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Humanos , Incidencia , Motivación , Proyectos Piloto , Estudios Prospectivos , Asunción de Riesgos , Autoeficacia , Conducta Sexual/psicología , Adulto Joven
14.
Hisp Health Care Int ; : 15404153241257929, 2024 May 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38798109

RESUMEN

Introduction: The use of telenovelas shows promise as a mode of education that could enhance Latino people's ability to prevent or manage different health conditions. This scoping review examined the available evidence about telenovela interventions on Latino health. Methods: A scoping review was conducted by searching five peer-reviewed databases for articles published on any date in English or Spanish. The methods of this review were guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews recommendations. Results: A total of 431 articles were identified, and 22 articles published between 1999 and 2022 were included in the final scoping review. Nineteen telenovela interventions were described in the literature. Most studies included telenovela interventions without other elements (n = 15; 68%), and 91% were conducted in the U.S. (n = 20). Studies were qualitative (n = 8; 36%), quantitative (n = 8; 36%), and mixed methods (n = 6; 27%), and most telenovela interventions were developed and/or tested in Spanish (n = 10; 53%). The most common topics for the telenovela interventions were substance use/risky sexual health behaviors, cardiovascular disease, and mental health. Conclusions: This scoping review may serve to continue empirical and theoretical work on telenovela-style entertainment interventions on Latino health and future implementation in real-life settings.

15.
Hisp Health Care Int ; : 15404153241229688, 2024 Feb 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38321763

RESUMEN

Introduction: This study explored the influence of the Theory of Planned Behavior constructs on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (HPVV) intentions and uptake among Hispanic parents in South Florida for their children aged 9-21. Method: A descriptive exploratory analysis was conducted using 39 surveys completed by Hispanic parents. These surveys encompassed demographic data and questions about HPVV uptake, intention, attitudes, subjective norms, knowledge, self-efficacy, and awareness. Results: Most participants were uninsured (77%), unemployed (59%), and had low Americanism acculturation (74%). A little over half were aware of the HPVV (54%), yet most had high positive HPVV attitudes (95%) and self-efficacy (85%). HPVV intentions within the year were also high (82%); however, HPVV uptake (45%) and HPVV knowledge (40%) were low at the time of the study. Most parents reported physicians (72%) and nurses/nurse practitioners (59%) as the most influential individuals in their decision-making. A statistically significant relationship between HPVV intention and HPVV attitude (X_Wald^2 (1) = 5.71, p = 0.02., OR = 5.11) and between HPVV uptake and HPVV awareness (X_Wald^2 (1) = 4.63, p = 0.03., OR = 12) were observed. Conclusion: This study recommends further research and targeted interventions to improve HPVV awareness among Hispanic communities. The participants' highly positive attitudes and self-efficacy provide a hopeful outlook for future vaccination efforts within this demographic.

16.
PLoS One ; 19(1): e0296080, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38165906

RESUMEN

The HIV epidemic disproportionately affects Hispanics in the U.S., with Hispanic women (HW) accounting for 18% of new HIV diagnoses in 2019 despite comprising only 16% of the female population. The imbalance of power related to cultural values and HW's lack of knowledge and low perception of risk for HIV interferes with prevention efforts (e.g., condom use, HIV testing, and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis [PrEP]). It is estimated that in 2019, only 10% of women in the U.S. who could benefit from PrEP were given prescriptions for it. This number is estimated to be significantly lower among HW. PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV, reducing the risk of acquiring HIV from sexual activity by about 99%. To respond to this need, we developed SEPA+PrEP, a biobehavioral HIV prevention intervention that adapted and integrated SEPA (Salud/Health, Educación/Education, Prevención/Prevention, Autocuidado/Self-Care), an empirically validated behavioral HIV prevention intervention, with the evidence-based biomedical strategy of PrEP. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of SEPA+PrEP among cisgender heterosexual Hispanic women (HW). We used a mixed methods approach to gather data from 44 HW living in the City of Homestead and its surrounding communities in Miami-Dade County, Florida. None of the participants knew about PrEP prior to participating in the study, and the majority (70.5%, n = 23) had not used condoms when engaging in vaginal sex during the previous three months. Overall, study results suggest that SEPA+PrEP is an acceptable and feasible intervention to prevent HIV among HW, with a focus on PrEP knowledge, initiation, and maintenance.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida , Fármacos Anti-VIH , Infecciones por VIH , Profilaxis Pre-Exposición , Humanos , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Heterosexualidad , Estudios de Factibilidad , Hispánicos o Latinos
17.
ScientificWorldJournal ; 2013: 607258, 2013.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24324376

RESUMEN

The present study was designed to determine the relationships among biofilm formation, cellular stress and release of Shiga toxin (Stx) by three different clinical Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains. The biofilm formation was determined using crystal violet stain in tryptic soy broth or thioglycollate medium with the addition of sugars (glucose or mannose) or hydrogen peroxide. The reactive oxygen species (ROSs) were detected by the reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI) determined by the Griess assay. In addition, the activities of two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were studied. For the cytotoxicity studies, Vero cells were cultured with Stx released of STEC biofilms. The addition of sugars in both culture mediums resulted in an increase in biofilm biomass, with a decrease in ROS and RNI production, low levels of SOD and CAT activity, and minimal cytotoxic effects. However, under stressful conditions, an important increase in the antioxidant enzyme activity and high level of Stx production were observed. The disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance and its effect on the production and release of Stx evaluated under different conditions of biofilm formation may contribute to a better understanding of the relevance of biofilms in the pathogenesis of STEC infection.


Asunto(s)
Biopelículas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/etiología , Escherichia coli Shiga-Toxigénica/fisiología , Escherichia coli Shiga-Toxigénica/patogenicidad , Animales , Catalasa/metabolismo , Chlorocebus aethiops , Medios de Cultivo , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Escherichia coli O157/patogenicidad , Escherichia coli O157/fisiología , Humanos , Especies de Nitrógeno Reactivo/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Toxinas Shiga/biosíntesis , Toxinas Shiga/toxicidad , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Células Vero
18.
AIDS Educ Prev ; 35(6): 421-438, 2023 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38096456

RESUMEN

Latinas continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States. Effective interventions to address HIV-related disparities among Latinas are available; however, they have not achieved widespread dissemination due to implementation challenges for real-world settings. A culturally tailored intervention that increases access to HIV prevention is urgently needed. The objective of this study was to develop a culturally tailored telenovela (i.e., a soap opera) to promote HIV prevention behaviors (condom use; HIV testing; and pre-exposure prophylaxis awareness, access, and use) among Latinas. The study was conducted in community organizations throughout South Florida. A total of 44 Spanish-speaking Latinas, 18-35 years old, and sexually active with a man in the past 6 months participated in the study. The final product was an HIV prevention telenovela that incorporated Latinas' ideas and feedback and was produced as four 10-minute filmed episodes. This study aimed to develop innovative approaches to reduce HIV-related disparities for Latinas.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH , Promoción de la Salud , Televisión , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Adulto Joven , Hispánicos o Latinos , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Amor , Sexo Seguro , Estados Unidos , Promoción de la Salud/métodos , Femenino
19.
Front Glob Womens Health ; 4: 1127695, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37181543

RESUMEN

Introduction: Latinas in the US are underrepresented in miscarriage research, yet face several risk factors for having a miscarriage, including intimate partner violence, and increasing maternal age. Increased acculturation is associated to increased risk of intimate partner violence and adverse pregnancy outcomes among Latinas yet is also understudied in the realm of miscarriage. Thus, this study aimed to analyze and compare sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, intimate partner violence, and acculturation among Latinas with and without a history of miscarriage. Methods: This study utilizes a cross-sectional design to analyze baseline data from a randomized clinical trial on the effectiveness of "Salud/Health, Educación/Education, Promoción/Promotion, y/and Autocuidado/Self-care" (SEPA), a human immunodeficiency virus risk reduction intervention for Latinas. Survey interviews were conducted in a private room at the University of Miami Hospital. Survey data analyzed include demographics, a bi-dimensional acculturation scale, a health and sexual health survey, and the hurt, insult, threaten, and scream tool. This study's sample was 296 Latinas, 18 to 50 years old, with and without a history of miscarriage. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, t-tests for continuous variables, negative binomial for counts, and chi-square for dichotomous or categorical variables. Results: Most Latinas were Cuban (53%), lived in the U.S. an average of 8.4 years, had 13.7 years of education, and a monthly family income of $1,683.56. Latinas with history of miscarriage were significantly older, had more children, more pregnancies, and poorer self-rated health than Latinas without history of miscarriage. Although not significant, a high percentage of intimate partner violence (40%) and low levels of acculturation were reported. Discussion: This study contributes new data about different characteristics of Latinas who have and have not experienced a miscarriage. Results can help identify Latinas at risk for miscarriage or its adverse-related outcomes and help develop public health policies focusing on preventing and managing miscarriage among Latinas. Further research is warranted to determine the role of intimate partner violence, acculturation, and self-rated health perceptions among Latinas who experience miscarriage. Certified nurse midwives are encouraged to provide Latinas with culturally tailored education on the importance of early prenatal care for optimal pregnancy outcomes.

20.
Hisp Health Care Int ; : 15404153231210858, 2023 Nov 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38037280

RESUMEN

Purpose: This review sought to identify and integrate available evidence on various sources of Hispanic women's well-being following intimate partner violence (IPV). Methods: The review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Four peer-reviewed databases were reviewed for studies published between 2007 and 2022. The inclusion criteria include being an original research, quantitative and/or qualitative data, Hispanic women as a separate group for analysis, well-being as an outcome variable (quantitative) or phenomenon of interest (qualitative), and published in English or Spanish. Results: A total of 2,292 records were identified, and nine articles were included in the final review. Findings revealed that ensuring safety and opportunities for women's children, separating from violent partners, and obtaining a job were related to increased well-being. Other findings revealed that peer support, self-empowerment, and leadership skills were associated with interpersonal, psychological, and community well-being, respectively. Economic and occupational well-being was linked to education and financial independence. Conclusions: This scoping review advances the exploration of well-being among Hispanic women who have experienced IPV. This knowledge can be used to inform post-IPV support for Hispanic women and highlight areas for intervention development to promote well-being.

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