RESUMEN
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders with a prolonged duration characterized by recurrent relapse and remission. The exact etiology of IBD remains poorly understood despite the identification of relevant risk factors, including individual genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers, and disruption of immune homeostasis. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is believed to exacerbate the progression of IBD. Recently, increasing evidence has also linked oral microbiota dysbiosis with the development of IBD. On the one hand, IBD patients show significantly unbalanced composition and function of the oral microbiota known as dysbiosis. On the other, overabundances of oral commensal bacteria with opportunistic pathogenicity have been found in the gut microbiota of IBD patients. Herein, we review the current information on the causative factors of IBD, especially recent evidence of IBD-associated oral microbiota dysbiosis, which has seldom been covered in the previous literature review, highlighting the pathogenic mechanisms of specific oral bacteria in the development of IBD. Ectopic colonization of several oral bacteria, including a subset of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Campylobacter concisus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, may lead to destruction of the intestinal epithelial barrier, excessive secretion of inflammatory cytokines, disruption of the host immune system, and dysbiosis of gut microbiota, consequently aggravating chronic intestinal inflammation. Studying oral microbiota dysbiosis may open future horizons for understanding IBD pathogenesis and provide novel biomarkers for IBD. This review also presents the current treatment and new perspectives for IBD treatment.
Asunto(s)
Disbiosis , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino , Boca/microbiología , Disbiosis/inmunología , Disbiosis/microbiología , Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/etiología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/inmunología , Análisis de MediaciónRESUMEN
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is universally detected trichothecene in most cereal commodities, which is considered as a major hazardous material for human and animal health. Intestine is the most vulnerable organ with higher concentration of DON than other organs, owing to the first defense barrier function to exogenous substances. However, the underling mechanisms about DON-induced intestinal toxicity remain poorly understood. Here, DON poisoning models of IPEC-J2 cells was established to explore adverse effect and the potential mechanism of DON-induced enterotoxicity. Results showed that DON exposure destroyed IPEC-J2 cells morphology. Results showed that DON exposure destroyed IPEC-J2 cells morphology. Intestinal epithelial barrier injury was caused by DON with increasing LDH release, decreasing cell viability as well decreasing tight junction protein expressions (Occludin, N-Cad, ZO-1, Claudin-1 and Claudin-3). Moreover, DON caused mitochondrial dysfunction by opening mitochondrial permeability transition pore and eliminating mitochondrial membrane potential. DON exposure upregulated protein and mRNA expression of mitochondrial fission factors (Drp1, Fis1, MIEF1 and MFF) and mitophagy factors (PINK1, Parkin and LC3), downregulated mitochondrial fusion factors (Mfn1, Mfn2, except OPA1), resulting in mitochondrial dynamics imbalance and mitophagy. Overall, these findings suggested that DON induced tight junction dysfunction in IPEC-J2 cells was related to mitochondrial dynamics-mediated mitophagy.
Asunto(s)
Dinámicas Mitocondriales , Mitofagia , Humanos , Porcinos , Animales , Uniones Estrechas , Ocludina , Factores de Elongación de Péptidos , Proteínas MitocondrialesRESUMEN
Although the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been increasing worldwide, the etiology remains elusive. Investigating oral microbiota dysbiosis is essential to understanding IBD pathogenesis. Our study evaluated variations in salivary microbiota and identified potential associations with IBD. The saliva microbiota of 22 IBD patients and 8 healthy controls (HCs) was determined using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and analyzed using QIIME2. A distinct saliva microbiota dysbiosis in IBD, characterized by alterations in microbiota biodiversity and composition, was identified. Saccharibacteria (TM7), Absconditabacteria (SR1), Leptotrichia, Prevotella, Bulleidia, and Atopobium, some of which are oral biofilm-forming bacteria, were significantly increased. Moreover, levels of inflammatory cytokines associated with IBD were elevated and positively correlated with TM7 and SR1. Functional variations include down-regulation of genetic information processing, while up-regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum in IBD. Our data implicate salivary microbiota dysbiosis involving in IBD pathogenesis.
Asunto(s)
Disbiosis/microbiología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/microbiología , Metagenoma , Boca/microbiología , Adulto , Disbiosis/complicaciones , Disbiosis/epidemiología , Femenino , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/complicaciones , Leptotrichia/genética , Leptotrichia/patogenicidad , Masculino , Prevotella/genética , Prevotella/patogenicidadRESUMEN
Assessing tumor EGFR mutation status is necessary for the proper management of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We evaluated the impact of dynamic analyses of the plasma and tissue EGFR mutation using ultra-sensitive droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays to manage NSCLC patients treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). Paired tumor tissues and plasma samples from 137 EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma patients prior to the first-line EGFR-TKIs treatment (at baseline) and at disease progression were subjected to EGFR mutation analysis using ddPCR, together with the analyses of the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes. Patients with EGFR-activating mutations detected in baseline plasma were associated with bone metastasis (p = 0.002) and had shorter progression-free survival (12.9 vs. 17.7 months, p = 0.02) and overall survival (24.0 vs. 39.4 months, p = 0.02) compared to those without. Pre-treatment EGFR T790M mutation found in baseline tumor tissues of 28 patients (20.4%; 28/137) was significantly associated with brain metastasis (p = 0.005) and a shorter brain metastasis-free survival (p = 0.001). The presence of EGFR T790M mutations in baseline tumor tissues did not correlate with the emergence of acquired EGFR T790M mutations detected at progression. At disease progression, acquired EGFR T790M mutations were detected in 26.6% (21/79) of the plasma samples and 42.9% (15/35) of the rebiopsy tissues, with a concordance rate of 71.4% (25/35). The dynamic monitoring of tissue and plasma EGFR mutation status at baseline and progression using ddPCR has a clinical impact on the evaluation of EGFR-TKIs treatment efficacy and patient outcomes, as well as the emergence of resistance in NSCLC.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/genética , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/genética , Receptores ErbB , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Mutación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
In the present study, the effects of NLRP3 on radiation-induced tissue damage, including colon and skin damage in mice, and the possible mechanisms were explored in vivo and in vitro. The mice were subjected to whole abdomen radiation by timed exposure to X-ray at a cumulative dose of 14 Gy. The survival rate showed that NLRP3 deficiency increased the mortality rate in mice. Furthermore, colon damage, evaluated by H&E staining and barrier function analysis, were significantly aggravated by NLRP3 deficiency. Enhanced phosphorylation of p-TBK1 and p-IRF3 in colonic tissue as well as elevated IFN-ß levels in the serum indicated hyperactivation of cGAS-STING signaling. Moreover, radiation-induced expression of p-TBK1, p-IRF3, and IFN-ß in BMDMs increased in vitro after NLRP3 knockout. Thus, our study outcomes suggest that NLRP3 may protect mice from radiation-induced tissue damage via attenuating cGAS-STING signaling.
Asunto(s)
Colon/efectos de la radiación , Macrófagos/efectos de la radiación , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/metabolismo , Nucleotidiltransferasas/metabolismo , Traumatismos por Radiación/prevención & control , Úlcera Cutánea/prevención & control , Piel/efectos de la radiación , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Colon/enzimología , Colon/patología , Factor 3 Regulador del Interferón/metabolismo , Interferón beta/metabolismo , Macrófagos/enzimología , Macrófagos/patología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Noqueados , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/deficiencia , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/genética , Fosforilación , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/metabolismo , Traumatismos por Radiación/enzimología , Traumatismos por Radiación/genética , Traumatismos por Radiación/patología , Transducción de Señal , Piel/enzimología , Piel/patología , Úlcera Cutánea/enzimología , Úlcera Cutánea/genética , Úlcera Cutánea/patologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: As kidney disease progresses, patients often experience a variety of symptoms. There are very few studies reporting spectrum of predialysis patients' symptoms in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Furthermore, the clinical significance of predialysis patients' symptoms for PD patients' prognosis remains unknown. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, patients who started PD during 1 January 2006 to 31 January 2018 were included. Patients' predialysis symptoms and clinical parameters were obtained. Both the short- and long-term patients' outcome were investigated by Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier's survival analysis to identify the relationship between clinical symptoms and patients' mortality on PD. RESULTS: A total of 898 incident PD patients were included. The anorexia (58%) was the most common predialysis symptom in the present cohort, followed by insomnia (32.7%), fatigue (27.6%), syndromes of heart failure (27.6%), and nausea (20.5%). The only symptom significantly associated with both six-months and 12-months mortality on PD was nausea (HR 2.359, 95% CI 1.377-4.040, p=.002 and HR 1.791, 95% CI 1.176-2.729, p=.007, respectively). But in the long-term, anorexia (HR 1.392, 95% CI 1.070-1.811, p=.014) was the only symptom significantly associated with patient's all-cause mortality after adjusting for other confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that nausea and anorexia were the most important predialysis symptoms, which was associated with patients' short- and long-term mortality on PD treatment, respectively. The results indicated that predialysis evaluation and management of symptoms of nausea and anorexia may be a possible way to improve patients' outcome on PD.
Asunto(s)
Fallo Renal Crónico/fisiopatología , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Diálisis Peritoneal/efectos adversos , Diálisis Peritoneal/mortalidad , Anciano , Anorexia/epidemiología , Causas de Muerte , China , Fatiga/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/epidemiología , Análisis de Supervivencia , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Esophageal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are exceedingly rare and poorly understood. The aims of the retrospective study were to delineate the clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients with the disease. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study containing 53 patients of esophageal NECs in our center from 2002 through 2018. Patients were assigned to the pure esophageal NECs group and the esophageal NECs mixed with squamous carcinoma and/or esophageal adenocarcinoma (MiNECs) group. Demographic, clinical, pathologic and prognostic factors were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 53 patients, elderly male patients were predominant. Dysphagia was the most common symptom (45/53, 84.9%). Most tumors were centered in the middle esophagus (36/53,67.9%).Ulcerated appearance was frequently seen in the pure NECs (56.8%), and the tumors in the MiNECs group mostly represented elevated types (57.9%). Synaptophysin (38/45, 84.4%), chromogranin A (21/38, 55.3%) and CD56(23/27, 85.2%) have been proven to be positive markers for NECs. Most patients (46/53, 86.8%) received surgery combined with chemotherapy. Though the pathologic stages were alike (P = 0.129), the median survival time was 3.53 years for the pure NECs group and 7 years for the MiNECs group. In multivariate analysis, pathologic stage (RR = 1.938, P = 0.045) and age (RR = 2.410, P = 0.028) were independent prognostic factors for patients with MiNECs. The prognosis of patients with pure NECs was independent from any factors. CONCLUSIONS: Careful endoscopic examination could help distinguish pure NECs from MiNECs. NECs were aggressive, but a relative better prognosis for patients with MiNECs. Surgery should be performed if applicable, and chemotherapy might be helpful.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/patología , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/terapia , Terapia Combinada , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of upper gastrointestinal (L4) Crohn's disease in China remains poorly characterized. AIMS: We aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of L4 disease and clarify the relationship between disease characteristics at diagnosis and early outcomes. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 246 patients diagnosed between 2013 and 2017 and followed up for > 1 year post-diagnosis. Primary outcomes included the 1-year rates of hospitalization and abdominal surgery according to disease location and behavior. RESULTS: Of 80 patients with L4 disease (61, 25, and 18 with esophagogastroduodenal, jejunal, and proximal ileal involvement, respectively), none had granuloma, whereas 66.7%, 50%, 46.9%, 75%, and 70% had disease-specific endoscopic lesions in the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and proximal ileum, respectively. Compared to non-L4 disease, L4 disease was associated with higher rates of abdominal surgery (41.3% vs. 11.4%, P < 0.001) but similar rates of hospitalization within 1 year post-diagnosis. In L4 disease, jejunal and proximal ileal involvement was associated with stricturing behavior (P = 0.034, P < 0.001) and higher abdominal surgery rate (both: P < 0.001). Risk factors for abdominal surgery within 1 year post-diagnosis included age ≥ 40 years (OR 1.920; 95% CI 1.095-3.367), L4 phenotype (OR 6.335; 95% CI 3.862-10.390), stricturing disease (OR 3.162; 95% CI 1.103-9.866), and penetrating disease (OR 11.504; 95% CI 3.409-38.825), whereas the protective factor was female sex (OR 0.214; 95% CI 0.123-0.373). CONCLUSIONS: Early outcomes are worse for L4 than for non-L4 disease. Jejunoileum involvement predicts stricturing disease and early surgery. More aggressive initial therapy is needed to improve L4-disease prognosis.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Crohn/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Crohn/epidemiología , Fenotipo , Tracto Gastrointestinal Superior/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , China/epidemiología , Estudios de Cohortes , Enfermedad de Crohn/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Delayed colectomy can be life-threatening for patients with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). However, few biomarkers can predict the outcomes of ASUC patients before treatment. Serum procalcitonin (PCT) has been observed to be increased in ASUC patients. AIM: The aim of this study was to estimate the association between serum PCT and short-term outcomes in patients with ASUC. METHODS: A single-center observational study was conducted at a referral hospital from January 2012 to January 2018. Hospitalized ASUC patients, who were administered intravenous corticosteroids (IVCS), were enrolled and followed up for 6 months. The primary outcome was IVCS failure; the secondary outcome was colectomy. Relationships between indicators and clinical outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: Of 152 ASUC patients enrolled in this study, 81 responded to IVCS and 71 failed (62 required short-term colectomy and 9 responded to second-line rescue therapy). Serum PCT on admission was significantly higher in IVCS-failure cases and surgical cases than in medical responders. Serum PCT ≥ 0.10 µg/L (OR = 4.134, p = 0.001) predicted IVCS failure with specificity of 0.741, and the combined measurement with fecal calprotectin (FC) ≥ 1500 µg/g improved the sensitivity. Serum PCT correlated significantly with the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (r = 0.416, p < 0.001) and FC (r = 0.384, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Serum PCT on admission could be a potential early non-invasive predictive biomarker for IVCS failure in ASUC patients, and a combination of PCT and FC could improve the predictive value.
Asunto(s)
Colitis Ulcerosa/sangre , Colitis Ulcerosa/diagnóstico , Polipéptido alfa Relacionado con Calcitonina/sangre , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores/sangre , Colitis Ulcerosa/cirugía , Diagnóstico Precoz , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive value of fecal calprotectin (FC) for clinical relapse in Chinese patients with quiescent Crohn's disease (CD) and to further investigate the correlation between FC and intestinal inflammation. METHODS: Sixty-two patients with a diagnosis of quiescent CD were consecutively enrolled in this prospective study. Fecal samples were collected and enteroscopy were performed to detect mucosal lesions at the beginning of the study. Patients were followed until the first relapse or by the end of the two-year follow-up. The calprotectin concentration was measured using a quantitative enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS: Of the 62 CD patients, 29 had a relapse (median time of relapse: 8.44 months). The median follow-up months was 8.16 (4.98-13.59). The cut off level of 225 µg/g provided the maximal area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of .775 for detecting the relapse of CD patients. Meanwhile, fecal occult blood had an added value. The multivariate Cox regression model showed that FC was the strongest predictor of the risk of relapse (risk ratio (RR): 6.315; p = .001). FC correlated most closely with the simple endoscopic score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD) (r = 0.524, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: FC correlated significantly with gut inflammation and could be a reliable predictor of relapse in Chinese patients with CD.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Crohn/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de Crohn/metabolismo , Heces/química , Complejo de Antígeno L1 de Leucocito/análisis , Adulto , Área Bajo la Curva , Biomarcadores/análisis , Sedimentación Sanguínea , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , China , Enfermedad de Crohn/sangre , Endoscopía Gastrointestinal , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Sangre Oculta , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Recurrencia , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Biomarkers for the early prediction of the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) are urgently needed for clinical management of the disease. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), one of the autocrine peptides that reduce endothelial permeability, has been found to be associated with various diseases, including inflammatory disorders. AIMS: This study aimed to determine whether serum Ang-2 could serve as a noninvasive biomarker for the early prediction of persistent organ failure (POF) in acute pancreatitis. METHODS: A total of 120 AP patients were prospectively enrolled at Jinling Hospital. Serum samples were collected on admission. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded. Ang-2 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: A total of 37 patients developed POF and were classified as having severe AP (SAP). Ang-2 was significantly higher on admission in patients who developed POF than in those who did not (p < 0.001 for all). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that Ang-2 could distinguish patients who developed POF from mild AP (MAP, area under ROC curve [AUC] = 0.88, 95 % CI 0.78-0.94) and moderately severe AP patients (MSAP, AUC = 0.74, 95 % CI 0.63-0.83). In addition, multivariate logistic regression showed that increased Ang-2 was an independent predictor of developing POF between subgroups with MSAP and SAP (OR 7.2, 95 % CI 2.7-19.4) and among all AP patients (OR 12.1, 95 % CI 4.8-30.3). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated serum Ang-2 levels on admission may be a promising biomarker for the prediction of POF in AP.
Asunto(s)
Angiopoyetina 2/sangre , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/sangre , Insuficiencia Multiorgánica/sangre , Pancreatitis/sangre , Insuficiencia Renal/sangre , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/sangre , APACHE , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangre , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Estudios de Cohortes , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Cálculos Biliares/complicaciones , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/complicaciones , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Insuficiencia Multiorgánica/epidemiología , Análisis Multivariante , Pancreatitis/epidemiología , Pancreatitis/etiología , Pancreatitis Alcohólica/sangre , Pancreatitis Alcohólica/epidemiología , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Insuficiencia Renal/epidemiología , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/epidemiología , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Steroid resistance presents an administration difficulty in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The reason of steroid resistance is still unclear, but cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection may be a potential cause in some IBD patients. We carried out a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between CMV infection and steroid-resistant IBD. METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to June 2014, with no language restrictions, for observational studies. Additional references were obtained from reviewed articles. RESULTS: Eleven studies involving 867 IBD patients were included in the meta-analysis. Steroid resistance rate was 70.0% in CMV-positive IBD patients, which was significantly higher than that in CMV-negative IBD patients (RR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.72-2.61). There was significant heterogeneity in the included eleven studies (I (2) = 57.6%). When the only one study with a few patients was excluded, sensitivity analysis suggested a similar outcome (RR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.80-2.39, 10 studies). Based on the funnel plot and Egger's test, we considered that there was a probable publication bias. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggests that CMV-positive IBD patients have a nearly double risk of steroid resistance compared with CMV-negative IBD patients, indicating that CMV infection is a probable cause of steroid-resistant IBD.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Citomegalovirus/epidemiología , Resistencia a Medicamentos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Esteroides/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Infecciones por Citomegalovirus/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oportunidad Relativa , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of wuling Capsule combined with Pinaverium Bromide in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: Sixty-four IBS patients were randomized into two groups, the treatment group and the control group, 32 in each group. Patients in the treatment group took wuling Capsule (0. 33 g/capsule, 3 times per day) and Pinaverium Bromide (50 mg/tablet, one tablet each time, 3 times per day) , while those in the control group only took Pinaverium Bromide (50 mg/tablet, one tablet each time, 3 times per day). The therapeutic course for all was 6 weeks. IBS symptom score questionnaire, IBS-Quality of Life (IBS-QOL) , Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) , and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were assessed before and after treatment. Adverse reactions were also observed. RESULTS: The improvement of abdominal pain, stool frequency, and stool properties, as well as changing rates of integrals were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0. 05). The improvement of dysphoria, body image, concerns for health, and dietary restriction of IBS-QOL, as well as changing rates of integrals were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0. 05). The improvement of SDS and SAS, as well as changing rates of integrals were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0. 05). No severe adverse reaction occurred in either group. CONCLUSION: Combination therapy of wuling Capsule and Pinaverium Bromide could improve abdominal pain and defecation, attenuate depression and anxiety of IBS patients with higher safety.
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Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Síndrome del Colon Irritable/tratamiento farmacológico , Morfolinas/uso terapéutico , Ansiedad , Trastornos de Ansiedad , Investigación Biomédica , Cápsulas , Defecación , Depresión , Trastorno Depresivo , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Early diagnosis of gastric cancer can improve the prognosis of patients, especially for those with early gastric cancer (EGC), but only 15% of patients, or less, are diagnosed with EGC and precancerous lesions. Magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) can improve diagnostic accuracy. We assess the efficacy of ME-NBI in diagnosing ECG and precancerous lesions, especially some characteristics under NBI+ME. This was a retrospective analysis of 131 patients with EGC or gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (IN) who had undergone endoscopic submucosal dissection and were pathologically diagnosed with EGC or IN according to 2019 WHO criteria for gastrointestinal tract tumors. We studied the characteristics of lesions under ME-NBI ,compared the diagnostic efficacy of ME-NBI and white light endoscopy (WLI) plus biopsy, and investigated the effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on microvascular and microsurface pattern. The diagnostic accuracy of ME-NBI for EGC, high-grade IN (HGIN), and low-grade IN (LGIN) was 76.06%, 77.96%, and 77.06%, respectively. The accuracy of WLI plus biopsy in diagnosing the above lesions was 69.7%, 57.5%, and 60.53%, respectively. The rate of gyrus-like tubular pattern was highest in LGIN (60.46%), whereas the highest rate of papillary pattern was 57.14% in HGIN and villous tubular pattern was 52% in EGC. Demarcation lines have better sensitivity for differentiating EGC from IN (92.06%). The ME-NBI has higher diagnostic accuracy for EGC than WLI plus biopsy. Demarcation lines and villous and papillary-like microsurface patterns are more specific as EGC and HGIN characteristics. The cerebral gyrus-like microsurface pattern is more specific for LGIN.
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Carcinoma in Situ , Detección Precoz del Cáncer , Gastroscopía , Imagen de Banda Estrecha , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Imagen de Banda Estrecha/métodos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Detección Precoz del Cáncer/métodos , Gastroscopía/métodos , Carcinoma in Situ/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma in Situ/patología , Adulto , Lesiones Precancerosas/diagnóstico por imagen , Lesiones Precancerosas/patología , Lesiones Precancerosas/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Helicobacter/diagnóstico , Biopsia/métodos , Helicobacter pylori , Mucosa Gástrica/patología , Mucosa Gástrica/diagnóstico por imagen , Resección Endoscópica de la Mucosa/métodosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Naoxueshu Oral Liquid (NXS) could promote hematoma absorption in post-craniotomy hematoma (PCH) patients. METHODS: This is an open-label, multicenter, and randomized controlled trial conducted at 9 hospitals in China. Patients aged 18-80 years with post-craniotomy supratentorial hematoma volume ranging from 10 to 30 mL or post-craniotomy infratentorial hematoma volume less than 10 mL, or intraventricular hemorrhage following cranial surgery were enrolled. They were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to the NXS (10 mL thrice daily for 15 days) or control groups using a randomization code table. Standard medical care was administered in both groups. The primary outcome was the percentage reduction in hematoma volume from day 1 to day 15. The secondary outcomes included the percentage reduction in hematoma volume from day 1 to day 7, the absolute reduction in hematoma volume from day 1 to day 7 and 15, and the change in neurological function from day 1 to day 7 and 15. The safety was closely monitored throughout the study. Moreover, subgroup analysis was performed based on age, gender, history of diabetes, and etiology of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). RESULTS: A total of 120 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned between March 30, 2018 and April 15, 2020. One patient was lost to follow-up in the control group. Finally, there were 119 patients (60 in the NXS group and 59 in the control group) included in the analysis. In the full analysis set (FAS) analysis, the NXS group had a greater percentage reduction in hematoma volume from day 1 to day 15 than the control group [median (Q1, Q3): 85% (71%, 97%) vs. 76% (53%, 93%), P<0.05]. The secondary outcomes showed no statistical significance between two groups, either in FAS or per-protocol set (P>0.05). Furthermore, no adverse events were reported during the study. In the FAS analysis, the NXS group exhibited a higher percentage reduction in hematoma volume on day 15 in the following subgroups: male patients, patients younger than 65 years, patients without diabetes, or those with initial cranial surgery due to ICH (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The administration of NXS demonstrated the potential to promote the percentage reduction in hematoma volume from day 1 to day 15. This intervention was found to be safe and feasible. The response to NXS may be influenced by patient characteristics. (Registration No. ChiCTR1800017981).
Asunto(s)
Craneotomía , Hematoma , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Hematoma/etiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Craneotomía/efectos adversos , Anciano , Adulto , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/administración & dosificación , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/efectos adversos , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Administración OralRESUMEN
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection is an emerging infectious disease causing neurological complications and/or death within two to three days after the development of fever and rash. A low viral titre in clinical specimens makes the detection of EV71 difficult. Conventional approaches for detecting EV71 are time consuming, poorly sensitive, or complicated, and cannot be used effectively for clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, EV71 and Coxsackie virus A16 (CA16) may cross react in conventional assays. Therefore, a rapid, highly sensitive, specific, and user-friendly test is needed. We developed an EV71-specific nanogold-modified working electrode for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the detection of EV71. Our results show that EV71 can be distinguished from CA16, Herpes simplex virus, and lysozyme, with the modified nanogold electrode being able to detect EV71 in concentrations as low as 1 copy number/50 µl reaction volume, and the duration between sample preparation and detection being 11 min. This detection platform may have the potential for use in point-of-care diagnostics.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas Biosensibles/instrumentación , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Espectroscopía Dieléctrica/métodos , Enterovirus Humano A/aislamiento & purificación , Oro/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Anticuerpos Inmovilizados/química , Anticuerpos Inmovilizados/metabolismo , Enterovirus Humano A/inmunología , Humanos , Nanomedicina/instrumentación , Nanomedicina/métodos , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore the regulatory effect of CpG methyltransferase (M.SssI) on expression of claudin-7 and claudin-8, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of human colorectal cancer HT-29 cells. METHODS: HT-29 cells were treated with M.SssI (50 U/ml) for 24 hours. The methylation status of claudin-7 and claudin-8 gene promoters was assayed by bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). Real-time PCR with SYBR green I technique was used to detect the relative expression of claudin-7 and -8 mRNA, and claudin-7 and claudin-8 proteins were tested by cell immunofluorescence and Western blotting, while the effect on cell apoptosis was assessed by Hoechst 33342 fluorescence and flow cytometry. Inhibition of cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. RESULTS: The amounts of methylated claudin-7 and claudin-8 gene CpGs were 25, 10 in the M.SssI group, 9 and 5 in the PBS group, 0 and 3 in the 5-azacytidine group, respectively. Compared with the PBS group, Claudin-7 and -8 were significantly reduced by M.SssI (P < 0.05), but increased by 5-azacytidine (P < 0.05) at both mRNA and protein levels. Hoechst 33342 staining revealed that HT-29 cells treated with PBS and 5-azacytidine were not significantly different, showing even blue fluorescence, round shape and same cell volume. But the M.SssI group presented more apoptotic cells with intensive white fluorescence intensity. Cytometry indicated that early apoptotic index of the M.SssI group was increased by 84.7%, compared with that of the PBS group (P = 0.002). Measurement of MTT optical density demonstrated that cell growth of the M.SssI group was significantly lower than that of the PBS group (P = 0.002), with an inhibition rate of 32.1%, whereas the proliferation of 5-azacytidine group was similar to that of the PBS group (P = 0.084). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that M.SssI can down-regulate claudin-7, -8 mRNA and proteins in the human colon cancer HT-29 cells by up-regulating methylation status of claudin-7 and -8 gene promoters, and finally induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation of the tumor cells.
Asunto(s)
Claudinas/metabolismo , ADN-Citosina Metilasas/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Apoptosis/fisiología , Proliferación Celular , Neoplasias del Colon , Regulación hacia Abajo/fisiología , Citometría de Flujo , Células HT29 , Humanos , ARN Mensajero , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and the prognostic significance of the new WHO classification and staging system about gastroenteropancreatic NENs. METHODS: The clinical and pathological records were reviewed in 73 patients with colorectal NENs (carcinoids). All slides were retrieved and reviewed, immunohistochemical staining (EnVision method) was performed and follow-up information retrieved. RESULTS: Forty-one men and thirty-two women were included with a median age of 53 years (19 - 79 years). The location of the primary tumors in 65 patients was within 10 cm from the anorectal line. In 45 cases, the tumor diameter was ≤ 1 cm (no metastasis occurred); in 11 cases, the tumor diameter was > 1 cm but ≤ 2 cm (two patients had metastatic tumors); in 17 cases, the tumor diameter was > 2 cm (12 patients had metastatic tumors). The metastatic rate was significantly correlated with tumor size (P = 0.000). All tumors were immunoreactivity for synaptophysin and/or chromogranin A. According to the criteria of WHO classification and staging system about gastroenteropancreatic NENs, there were 65 cases of neuroendocrine tumors, including 51 cases of grade 1 (G1), 14 cases of grade 2 (G2), 4 cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma (G3) and 4 cases of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma. Following-up data showed that of the 34 patients with G1 tumor, there were no tumor-related death, but two patients showed metastases, and the remaining patients were disease free for 6 to 179 months. Of the 12 patients with G2 tumors, five developed metastasis, there were two tumor-related deaths, and the nine surviving patients were alive for 17 to 118 months. Of the four G3 patients, all developed metastasis and there were three tumor-related deaths. Of the four mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma there were two tumor-related deaths. The difference of metastatic rate, tumor-related mortality, and overall survival among different grading groups in this series was statistically significant (P = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasm is a group of tumors with distinct prognostic difference, and most of these tumors show an indolent clinical behavior. There is a good correlation between the new WHO classification and staging system of gastroenteropancreatic NENs and their clinical behaviors.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/metabolismo , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/radioterapia , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/secundario , Carcinoma Neuroendocrino/cirugía , Cromogranina A/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/radioterapia , Neoplasias Colorrectales/cirugía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Clasificación del Tumor , Invasividad Neoplásica , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/metabolismo , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/radioterapia , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/secundario , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/cirugía , Tasa de Supervivencia , Sinaptofisina/metabolismo , Carga Tumoral , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A dimethylaniline (donor)-indanedione (acceptor) conjugate (sensor 1) with a very low molecular weight of 277â g mol-1 and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) characteristics was synthesized. Sensor 1 shows weak ICT fluorescence in solution, but strong emission (Φ=16%) in the solid state owing to intramolecular and intermolecular C-Hâ â â O hydrogen bonds that inhibit the free rotation of the exocyclic C-C single bond. Compared to yellow emitter 1Y, which has a similar donor-acceptor structure, sensor 1 shows red fluorescence in the solid state owing to J-aggregate formation. The colorimetric and fluorometric responses of sensor 1 to cyanide in both solution and solid state are due to the nucleophilic addition of cyanide to the ß-conjugated carbon of the indanedione group, which prohibits ICT. Additionally, inexpensive portable paper-based test kits based on sensor 1 were easily prepared and could be used for fast and quantitative naked-eye cyanide detection in real time.