Thermally Derived Hierarchical Nanoplates for Electromagnetic Protection and Waste Energy Recovery Device.

With the advent of intelligent society and the popularity of electronic equipment, the protection and treatment of electromagnetic (EM) radiation have become hot research topics all over the world. Herein, novel 2D carbon-based nanoplates with uniformly embedded Co nanoparticles are prepared, with unique hierarchical structure and integrated magnetic-dielectric components. The obtained hierarchical nanoplates exhibit a wide range of tunable EM properties (ε' for 3.38 to 34.67 and ε″ for 0.13 to 31.45) by manipulating the dispersed states inside wax system, which can achieve an effective switch from microwave absorption to EM interference shielding performance. The optimal reflection loss reaches -55.6 dB, and the shielding efficiency is 93.5%. Meanwhile, the hierarchical nanoplates also exhibit impressive capacitive performance, with a specific capacitance of 1654 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 . Based on this, a creative device is constructed with the nanoplates, which can convert harmful EM radiation to useful electric energy for recycling. This work offers a new idea for the development of EM materials and functional devices, powerfully promoting the advance of energy and environmental fields.

Engineering Photomechanical Molecular Crystals to Achieve Extraordinary Expansion Based on Solid-State [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition.

Photomechanical molecular crystals are promising candidates for photoactuators and can potentially be implemented as smart materials in various fields. Here, we synthesized a new molecular crystal, (E)-3-(naphthalen-1-yl)acrylaldehyde malononitrile ((E)-NAAM), that can undergo a solid-state [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reaction under visible light (≥400 nm) illumination. (E)-NAAM microcrystals containing symmetric twinned sealed cavities were prepared using a surfactant-mediated crystal seeded growth method. When exposed to light, the hollow microcrystals exhibited robust photomechanical motions, including bending and dramatic directional expansion of up to 43.1% elongation of the original crystal length before fragmentation due to the photosalient effect. The sealed cavities inside the microcrystals could store different aqueous dye solutions for approximately one month and release the solutions instantly upon light irradiation. A unique slow-fast-slow crystal elongation kinematic process was observed, suggesting significant molecular rearrangements during the illumination period, leading to an average anisotropic crystal elongation of 37.0% (±3.8%). The significant molecular structure and geometry changes accompanying the photocycloaddition reaction, which propels photochemistry to nearly 100% completion, also facilitate photomechanical crystal expansion. Our results provide a possible way to rationally design molecular structures and engineer crystal morphologies to promote more interesting photomechanical behaviors.

Deep brain stimulation for chorea-acanthocytosis: a systematic review.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a reversible treatment for chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc). Its safety and efficacy remain elusive due to the low prevalence of ChAc. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of DBS for ChAc by systematically reviewing literature through PubMed and EMBASE. Inclusion criteria were reports on the efficacy or safety of DBS for ChAc and English language articles, and exclusion criteria were other movement disorders, non-human subjects, and studies without original data. Most studies were published as case reports, and we therefore pooled these cases in one cohort. Twenty studies with 34 patients were included. The mean age of symptom onset was 29.3 years (range, 17-48). The median follow-up was 12 months (range, 2-84). Twenty-nine patients underwent GPi-DBS, two received STN-DBS, and one underwent Vop-DBS. Electrodes were implanted into the ventralis oralis complex of the thalamus and the pallidal in two patients. Symptoms seemed to be easier relieved in chorea (88.5%) and dystonia (76.9%) but dysarthria of most patients (85.7%) was no response after DBS. The Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale-Motor Score was used to assess the efficacy of DBS in 25 patients; the mean score decreased from 43.2 to 22.3 and the median improvement rate was 46.7%. Of 24 patients with data on adverse events, complications occurred in 9 patients (37.5%; mostly transient and mild events). DBS is a promising treatment for ChAc with satisfactory efficacy and safety based on the review. Pallidal and thalamic DBS have been applied in ChAc; GPi-DBS seems to be more widely used.

New insights into long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer: Biological functions and therapeutic prospects.

Breast cancer (BC) has become one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, seriously endangering women's health and life. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of BC remain unclear. Over the past decade, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were gradually discovered and appreciated to play pivotal regulatory role in the progression of BC. It has been demonstrated that lncRNAs are implicated in regulating plenty of biological phenomena including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis by interacting with DNA, RNA or proteins. In addition to these, the function of lncRNAs in tumor resistance has increasingly attracted more attention. In this review, we summarized the emerging impact of lncRNAs on the occurrence and progression of human BC, specifically focusing on the functions and mechanisms of them, with the aim of exploring the potential value of lncRNAs as oncogenic drivers or tumor suppressors. Furthermore, the potential clinical application of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in BC was also discussed.

Clinical characteristics and sociodemographic features of psychotic major depression.

BACKGROUND: Psychotic major depression (PMD) is a subtype of depression with a poor prognosis. Previous studies have failed to find many differences between patients with PMD and those with non-psychotic major depression (NMD) or schizophrenia (SZ). We compared sociodemographic factors (including season of conception) and clinical characteristics between patients with PMD, NMD, and schizophrenia. Our aim was to provide data to help inform clinical diagnoses and future etiology research. METHODS: This study used data of all patients admitted to Shandong Mental Health Center from June 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. We analyzed cases who had experienced an episode of PMD (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes F32.3, F33.3), NMD (F32.0-2/9, F33.0-2/9), and SZ (F20-20.9). Data on sex, main discharge diagnosis, date of birth, ethnicity, family history of psychiatric diseases, marital status, age at first onset, education, allergy history, and presence of trigger events were collected. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using logistic regression analyses. Missing values were filled using the k-nearest neighbor method. RESULTS: PMD patients were more likely to have a family history of psychiatric diseases in their first-, second-, and third-degree relatives ([OR] 1.701, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.019-2.804) and to have obtained a higher level of education (OR 1.451, 95% CI 1.168-1.808) compared with depression patients without psychotic features. Compared to PMD patients, schizophrenia patients had lower education (OR 0.604, 95% CI 0.492-0.741), were more often divorced (OR 3.087, 95% CI 1.168-10.096), had a younger age of onset (OR 0.934, 95% CI 0.914-0.954), less likely to have a history of allergies (OR 0.604, 95% CI 0.492-0.741), and less likely to have experienced a trigger event 1 year before first onset (OR 0.420, 95% CI 0.267-0.661). Season of conception, ethnicity, and sex did not differ significantly between PMD and NMD or schizophrenia and PMD. CONCLUSIONS: PMD patients have more similarities with NMD patients than SZ patients in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. The differences found between PMD and SZ, and PMD and NMD correlated with specificity of the diseases. Furthermore, allergy history should be considered in future epidemiological studies of psychotic disorders.

Identification of Aroma Composition and Key Odorants Contributing to Aroma Characteristics of White Teas.

The identification of aroma composition and key odorants contributing to aroma characteristics of white tea is urgently needed, owing to white tea's charming flavors and significant health benefits. In this study, a total of 238 volatile components were identified in the three subtypes of white teas using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS). The multivariate statistical analysis demonstrated that the contents of 103 volatile compounds showed extremely significant differences, of which 44 compounds presented higher contents in Baihaoyinzhen and Baimudan, while the other 59 compounds exhibited higher contents in Shoumei. The sensory evaluation experiment carried out by gas chromatography-olfactometry/mass spectrometry (GC-O/MS) revealed 44 aroma-active compounds, of which 25 compounds were identified, including 9 alcohols, 6 aldehydes, 5 ketones, and 5 other compounds. These odorants mostly presented green, fresh, floral, fruity, or sweet odors. Multivariate analyses of chemical characterization and sensory evaluation results showed that high proportions of alcohols and aldehydes form the basis of green and fresh aroma characteristic of white teas, and phenylethyl alcohol, γ-Nonalactone, trans-ß-ionone, trans-linalool oxide (furanoid), α-ionone, and cis-3-hexenyl butyrate were considered as the key odorants accounting for the different aroma characteristics of the three subtypes of white tea. The results will contribute to in-depth understand chemical and sensory markers associated with different subtypes of white tea, and provide a solid foundation for tea aroma quality control and improvement.

Transcriptomic analysis of Verbena bonariensis roots in response to cadmium stress.

BACKGROUND: Cadmium (Cd) is a serious heavy metal (HM) soil pollutant. To alleviate or even eliminate HM pollution in soil, environmental-friendly methods are applied. One is that special plants are cultivated to absorb the HM in the contaminated soil. As an excellent economical plant with ornamental value and sound adaptability, V. bonariensis could be adapted to this very situation. In our study, the Cd tolerance in V. bonariensis was analyzed as well as an overall analysis of transcriptome. RESULTS: In this study, the tolerance of V. bonariensis to Cd stress was investigated in four aspects: germination, development, physiological changes, and molecular alterations. The results showed that as a non-hyperaccumulator, V. bonariensis did possess the Cd tolerance and the capability to concentration Cd. Under Cd stress, all 237, 866 transcripts and 191, 370 unigenes were constructed in the transcriptome data of V. bonariensis roots. The enrichment analysis of gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under Cd stress were predominately related to cell structure, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system, chelating reaction and secondary metabolites, transpiration and photosynthesis. DEGs encoding lignin synthesis, chalcone synthase (CHS) and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) were prominent in V. bonariensis under Cd stress. The expression patterns of 10 DEGs, validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), were in highly accordance with the RNA-Sequence (RNA-Seq) results. The novel strategies brought by our study was not only benefit for further studies on the tolerance of Cd and functional genomics in V. bonariensis, but also for the improvement molecular breeding and phytoremediation.

OsZIP1 functions as a metal efflux transporter limiting excess zinc, copper and cadmium accumulation in rice.

BACKGROUND: Metal homeostasis is critical for plant growth, development and adaptation to environmental stresses and largely governed by a variety of metal transporters. The plant ZIP (Zn-regulated transporter, Iron-regulated transporter-like Protein) family proteins belong to the integral membrane transporters responsible for uptake and allocation of essential and non-essential metals. However, whether the ZIP family members mediate metal efflux and its regulatory mechanism remains unknown. RESULTS: In this report, we provided evidence that OsZIP1 is a metal-detoxified transporter through preventing excess Zn, Cu and Cd accumulation in rice. OsZIP1 is abundantly expressed in roots throughout the life span and sufficiently induced by excess Zn, Cu and Cd but not by Mn and Fe at transcriptional and translational levels. Expression of OsZIP-GFP fusion in rice protoplasts and tobacco leaves shows that OsZIP1 resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM). The yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) complementation test shows that expression of OsZIP1 reduced Zn accumulation. Transgenic rice overexpressing OsZIP1 grew better under excess metal stress but accumulated less of the metals in plants. In contrast, both oszip1 mutant and RNA interference (RNAi) lines accumulated more metal in roots and contributed to metal sensitive phenotypes. These results suggest OsZIP1 is able to function as a metal exporter in rice when Zn, Cu and Cd are excess in environment. We further identified the DNA methylation of histone H3K9me2 of OsZIP1 and found that OsZIP1 locus, whose transcribed regions imbed a 242 bp sequence, is demethylated, suggesting that epigenetic modification is likely associated with OsZIP1 function under Cd stress. CONCLUSION: OsZIP1 is a transporter that is required for detoxification of excess Zn, Cu and Cd in rice.

Identification by comparative transcriptomics of core regulatory genes for higher alcohol production in a top-fermenting yeast at different temperatures in beer fermentation.

Undesirable flavor caused by excessive higher alcohols restrains the development of the wheat beer industry. To clarify the regulation mechanism of the metabolism of higher alcohols in wheat beer brewing by the top-fermenting yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae S17, the effect of temperature on the fermentation performance and transcriptional levels of relevant genes was investigated. The strain S17 produced 297.85 mg/L of higher alcohols at 20 °C, and the production did not increase at 25 °C, reaching about 297.43 mg/L. Metabolite analysis and transcriptome sequencing showed that the metabolic pathways of branched-chain amino acids, pyruvate, phenylalanine, and proline were the decisive factors that affected the formation of higher alcohols. Fourteen most promising genes were selected to evaluate the effects of single-gene deletions on the synthesis of higher alcohols. The total production of higher alcohols by the mutants Δtir1 and Δgap1 was reduced by 23.5 and 19.66% compared with the parent strain S17, respectively. The results confirmed that TIR1 and GAP1 are crucial regulatory genes in the metabolism of higher alcohols in the top-fermenting yeast. This study provides valuable knowledge on the metabolic pathways of higher alcohols and new strategies for reducing the amounts of higher alcohols in wheat beer.

Identification of novel rice (Oryza sativa) HPP and HIPP genes tolerant to heavy metal toxicity.

HPP (heavy metal associated plant protein) and HIPP (heavy metal associated isoprenylated plant protein) are a group of metal-binding metallochaperones playing crucial roles in metal homeostasis and detoxification. Up to now, only few of them have been functionally identified in plants. Here, we identified 54 HPP and HIPP genes in rice genome. Analysis of the transcriptome datasets of the rice genome exposed to cadmium (Cd) revealed 17 HPP/HIPP genes differentially expressed, with 11 being upregulated (>2 fold change, p < 0.05). Comprehensive analysis of transcripts by qRT-PCR showed that both types of genes displayed diverse expression pattern in rice under excess manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and Cd stress. Multiple genomic analyses of HPPs/HIPPs including phylogenesis, conserved domains and motifs, genomic arrangement and genomic and tandem duplication were performed. To identify the role of the genes, OsHIPP16, OsHIPP34 and OsHIPP60 were randomly selected to express in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutants pmrl, cup2, ycf1 and zrc1, exhibiting sensitivity to Mn, Cu, Cd and Zn toxicity, respectively. Complementation test showed that the transformed cells accumulated more metals in the cells, but their growth status was improved. To confirm the functional role, two mutant oshipp42 lines defective in OsHIPP42 expression were identified under metal stress. Under normal condition, no difference of growth between the oshipp42 mutant and wild-type plants was observed. Upon excess Cu, Zn, Cd and Mn, the oshipp42 lines grew weaker than the wild-type. Our work provided a novel source of heavy metal-binding genes in rice that can be potentially used to develop engineered plants for phytoremediation in heavy metal-contaminated soils.

Atomically Precise Site-Specific Tailoring and Directional Assembly of Superatomic Silver Nanoclusters.

Convenient generation of stable superatomic silver clusters and their systematic site-specific tailoring and directional assembly present an enduring and significant challenge. In this work, we prepared a face-centered cubic (fcc) array of Ag14 superatoms protected by face-capping 1,2-dithiolate-o-carborane (C2B10H10S2) ligands, each produced from 1-thiol-o-carborane in crystallization with simultaneous reduction of Ag+ to Ag0. We find that the corner N-donor ligands contribute predominately to the stability and luminescence of the Ag14 superatom. As the first-formed nanocluster [Ag14(C2B10H10S2)6(CH3CN)8]·4CH3CN (NC-1) with labile vertex-coordinated CH3CN ligands is highly unstable, monodendate pyridine ligands were used to replace these CH3CN species site-specifically, giving [Ag14(C2B10H10S2)6(pyridine/p-methylpyridine)8] (NCs-2,3) in gram scale with its core structure intact, which features ultrastability up to 150 °C in air. Moreover, using bidentate N-containing ligands to bridge the superatomic Ag14 building blocks, we constructed an unprecedented hierarchical series of 1D-to-3D superatomic silver cluster-assembled materials (SCAM-1,2,3,4), and SCAM-4 is air-stable up to 220 °C. Furthermore, this series of stable solid-state superatomic-nanocluster materials exhibit tunable dual emission with wide-range thermochromism. The present study constitutes a major step toward the development of ligand-modulation of the structure, stability, assembly, and functionality of superatomic silver nanoclusters.

Coordination-Induced Syntheses of Two Hybrid Framework Iodides: A Thermochromic Luminescent Thermometer.

Two new 3D hybrid framework iodides, Hmta[(Hmta)Ag4I4] (1; Hmta = hexamethylenetetramine) and [(Hmta)2Ag8I6]I2 (2), have been synthesized under solvothermal conditions. Compound 1 consists of a neutral 3D framework built up from alternation of the tetrahedral Ag4I4 unit and Hmta with dia-b topology. Compound 2 features a 3D cationic framework with flu topology, constructed by cationic [Ag8I6](2+) units linked with Hmta. Tetrahedral Hmta plays crucial structure-directing roles in the formation of these 3D frameworks with high symmetry. The temperature-dependent photoluminescent measurement reveals luminescent thermochromism of the compounds, the emission maximum of which shows a gradual blue shift with increasing temperature. The results indicate that 1 is a promising wavelength- and intensity-dependent luminescent thermometer applicable in two different temperature ranges.

The longitudinal mediating effect of rumination on the relationship between depressive symptoms and problematic smartphone use in Chinese university students: A three-wave cross-lagged panel analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Although previous studies have considered rumination a possible mediator of the relationship between mental health and problematic smartphone use (PSU), few prospective studies have been conducted, limiting the ability to draw causal inferences. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the mediating role of rumination on the depression-PSU relationship using three-wave cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs) with longitudinal data. METHODS: A sample of 321 medical students from China Medical University completed three waves of online measures of depressive symptoms, rumination, and PSU. The three-wave CLPMs were constructed to examine the mediating role of rumination. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that depressive symptoms were bidirectionally related to rumination, and that rumination was bidirectionally related to PSU. The reciprocal CLPM suggested that depressive symptoms at Time 1 positively affected PSU at Time 3 via rumination at Time 2. The indirect effect was significant, with a path coefficient of 0.023 (95% CI: 0.004 to 0.042). Conversely, PSU at Time 1 positively affected depressive symptoms at Time 3 via rumination at Time 2, with a path coefficient of 0.015 (95% CI: 0.001 to 0.029). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This prospective study provided empirical evidence of the influence of depression on PSU and vice versa among Chinese university students. It also highlighted the importance of rumination in the depression-PSU relationship, revealing a bidirectional mediating role of rumination. Additional large-scale multi-wave longitudinal studies are needed to verify our results.

Is there an association between the lunar phases and hospital admission for different episode types in bipolar disorder? A retrospective study in northern China.

The effects of the moon on mental activities remain contentious. Few studies have investigated associations between lunar phases and different types of bipolar disorder (BD) episodes. In the current study, 7,452 patients with BD from three hospitals were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of episode types, and the effects of lunar phase were examined for each type. The cosinor analysis revealed moon-related rhythmicity in admissions for BD in a period of 14.75 days. There were fewer admissions around the new moon and the full moon. There was no significant difference between different groups in acrophase. There was possibly a temporal lag between the onset of BD and hospitalization. Thus, it is too early to draw firm conclusions about the impact of lunar phases on BD. Sleep might be a middle way from moon effect to admissions of BD. These results have implications for future disease prevention strategies and research.

Two-step strategy, growth mechanism and optical properties of plasmonic Ag-modified ZnO nanomaterials.

In this paper, plasma silver (Ag) modified zinc oxide (ZnO) (AZO) was used to form AZO nanomaterials (including AZO nanofilms (NFm), AZO nanowires (NWs) and AZO nanoflowers (NFw)) in a two-step-controlled manner to investigate the effect of compounding different contents of Ag on the linear optical aspects of ZnO materials. The growth mechanism of the AZO nanomaterials with different strategies is discussed. If Ag nanoparticles (NPs) grow on the ZnO NFm surface, they first grow with ZnO as the core and then self-core into islands, which are undoubtedly influenced by factors such as the growth mechanism of ZnO as well as Ag. If Ag is grown on the surface of the ZnO NWs and ZnO NFw, it is more likely to self-core owing to factors such as the roughness of the ZnO NWs and ZnO NFw surfaces. The AZO nanomaterials have excellent optical properties based on the surface plasmon resonance, local electromagnetic field and charge transfer mechanism between Ag and ZnO. With the increase in Ag content, the absorption edges of AZO NFm are red-shifted, and the absorption edges of AZO NWs and AZO NFw are first blue-shifted and then red-shifted. The results show that AZO nanomaterials prepared using different methods not only have different growth morphologies, but also have different optical properties with potential for the preparation of optical devices.

A new species of the genus Tuberfemurus (Orthoptera: Tetrigoidea: Cladonotinae) with comments on the characters of mitochondrial genome.

A new species, Tuberfemurus viridulus sp. nov. is described and illustrated with photographs. The new species is similar to T. torulisinotus Deng, 2019, but differs from the latter by broader vertex, invisible frontal costa in profile, distinctly truncate apex of hind pronotal process, and two large triangular projections on lower outer carinae of hind femur. An updated key to species of Tuberfemurus is provided. Simultaneously, the complete mitochondrial genome of Tuberfemurus viridulus sp. nov. is sequenced and analyzed. The total length of the assembled mitogenome is 15,060 bp with 37 typical mitochondrial genes and a non-coding region (A + T-rich region). The order and orientation of the gene arrangement pattern are identical to that of most Tetrigoidea species. All PCGs initiate with the standard start codon of ATN, except ATP6 with GAC and ND1 with TTG; and terminate with the complete stop codon (TAA/TAG) or with an incomplete T- codon. This data could provide the genome information available for Tetrigoidea and facilitate phylogenetic studies of related insects.

Clinical Evaluation of 532-nm Green Laser on Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapies of low-level green laser and chemical desensitizer in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH). Methods: Forty-eight patients with 96 sensitive teeth were invited to participate in this clinical trial and were randomly divided into three groups. One group was treated with low-level green laser, the second group was treated with desensitizer [sodium fluoride (NaF)], and the third group acted as the placebo group and was treated with distilled water and placebo laser. The wavelength of green laser was 532 nm and the irradiance was 15 J/cm2 per treatment site. Hypersensitivity was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) according to cold test and probing at baseline. Immediately, 2 weeks, and 3 months after the application of green laser, NaF, and placebo, the participants' sensitivity level was accessed by new VAS analysis. Results: Forty-five patients with 90 teeth (n = 15 patients/group; 30 teeth/group) were followed up for 2 weeks and 3 months after treatment. There were significant differences in VAS scores between the placebo group and intervention group (green laser group and NaF group; analysis of variance, p < 0.05) at all three time points. The mean pain scores in DH reduced significantly immediately after treatment in the green laser group and NaF group when stimulated by cold and probing, whereas no significant difference was observed with these two therapies after 2 weeks (p > 0.05). After 3 months, mean VAS scores of the NaF group were higher than those of the green laser group (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Therefore, the green laser displayed similar effectiveness as NaF in treatment of DH and could be a promising new therapy to reduce DH.

Prognostic Value of LHFPL Tetraspan Subfamily Member 6 (LHFPL6) in Gastric Cancer: A Study Based on Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation.

PURPOSE: The identification of biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for gastric cancer (GC), the most common cause of cancer-related deaths around the world, is currently a major focus in research. Here, we examined the utility of LHFPL6 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC. METHODS: We explored the clinical relevance, function, and molecular role of LHFPL6 in GC using the MethSurv, cBioPortal, TIMER, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, ONCOMINE, MEXPRESS, and EWAS Atlas databases. The GSE118919, GSE29272, and GSE13861 datasets were used for differential expression analysis. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas, we developed a Cox regression model and assessed the clinical significance of LHFPLs. In addition, we used the "CIBERSORT" algorithm to make reliable immune infiltration estimations. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to examine protein expression. Cell migration and invasion were assessed using transwell experiments. THP-1-derived macrophages and GC cells were co-cultured in order to model tumor-macrophage interactions in vitro. The levels of CD206 and CD163 were measured using immunofluorescence assays. The results were visualized with the "ggplot2" and "circlize" packages. RESULTS: Our results showed that in GC, LHFPL6 overexpression was significantly associated with a poor prognosis. Our findings also suggested that LHFPL6 may be involved in the activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Furthermore, LHFPL6 expression showed a positive correlation with the abundance of M2 macrophages, which are potent immunosuppressors. CONCLUSION: LHFPL6 could be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.

Antioxidative and immunological effects of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides on the spleen injury of diabetic rat.

OBJEVTIVE: To investigate the effects of Cyclocarya paliurus (C. paliurus) polysaccharides on the spleen injury of diabetic rats. METHODS: Animals were divided into 6 groups, including normal group, model group, control group, low-dose group of C. paliurus polysaccharides treatment, middle-dose group of C. paliurus polysaccharides treatment and high-dose group of C. paliurus polysaccharides treatment. Histological analysis of spleen was analyzed using hematoxilin and eosin. Levels of biological parameters and anti-oxidative enzymes were determined by spectrophotometry. Interleukin-7 (IL-7) and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Compared with that of model group, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase level increased 78.63% (P < 0.05), 51.76% (P < 0.05), 2.95 times (P < 0.01) and 41.11% (P < 0.05) in the high-dose group of C. paliurus polysaccharides treatment, respectively. IL-7 and IL-10 increase 1.66 (P < 0.01) and 1.21 times (P < 0.01) in the high-dose group of C. paliurus polysaccharides treatment, respectively. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that C. paliurus polysaccharides may play a protecting role for spleen injury of diabetic rats by enhancing the antioxidative ability and evaluating the immunity.

Assessment of the contribution of chiral odorants to aroma property of baked green teas using an efficient sequential stir bar sorptive extraction approach.

Chiral volatile compounds are known to be distributed in teas at various enantiomeric ratios. However, the performance of each enantiomer, including aroma characteristics, aroma intensities, and contribution to the overall flavor of tea, is still unclear. In this study, aroma characteristics and intensities of 38 volatile enantiomers in standards and baked green teas with chestnut-like aroma and clean aroma were evaluated by an efficient sequential headspace-stir bar sorptive extraction (seq-HS-SBSE) approach combined with the enantioselective gas chromatography-olfactometry/mass spectrometry (Es-GC-O/MS) technique. Moreover, aroma recombination results for the two types of baked green teas using 14 chiral odorants and four achiral odorants indicated that the combinations of the detected odorants mainly contributed to the "floral", "sweet", and "chestnut-like" aromas. R-Linalool simultaneously enhanced the "floral", "sweet", and "chestnut-like" aromas; R-limonene mainly contributed to the "sweet" and "clean" aromas; and S-α-terpineol promoted the "sweet" and "floral" aromas of baked green tea.