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Background: To uncover the potential significance of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis in penile cancer, our study was the pioneer in exploring the altered expression processes of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis in tumorigenesis, malignant progression and lymphatic metastasis of penile cancer. Methods: In current study, the comprehensive analysis of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis in penile cancer was analyzed via multiple analysis approaches based on GSE196978 data, single-cell data (6 cancer samples) and bulk RNA data (7 cancer samples and 7 metastasis lymph nodes). Results: Our study observed an altered molecular expression of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis during three different stages of penile cancer, from tumorigenesis to malignant progression to lymphatic metastasis. STAT4 was an important dominant molecule in penile cancer, which mediated the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by driving the apoptosis of cytotoxic T cell and was also a valuable biomarker of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment response. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that the complexity of JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis and the predominant role of STAT4 in penile cancer, which can mediate tumorigenesis, malignant progression, and lymphatic metastasis. This insight provided valuable information for developing precise treatment strategies for patients with penile cancer.
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Progresión de la Enfermedad , Quinasas Janus , Metástasis Linfática , Neoplasias del Pene , Factor de Transcripción STAT4 , Proteína 1 Supresora de la Señalización de Citocinas , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Neoplasias del Pene/genética , Neoplasias del Pene/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Supresora de la Señalización de Citocinas/genética , Proteína 1 Supresora de la Señalización de Citocinas/metabolismo , Metástasis Linfática/patología , Metástasis Linfática/genética , Quinasas Janus/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT4/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT4/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Carcinogénesis/genética , Carcinogénesis/patología , Transducción de Señal , Microambiente Tumoral/inmunología , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To explore the key sites in which L-arginine affects the expression of human coagulation factor VIII gene, and to create new drug targets for the treatment of hemophilia. Methods: A total of 5 human FVIII genes (A1, A2, A3, C1 and C2) with B domain deletion were transfected into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as promoters. Run-on assay and ELISA analysis were performed to observe the driving effect of each domain gene on chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene transcription and expression, and the effect of L-arginine on each promoter. Results: In co-culture with L-arginine, transcriptional expression of the CAT gene was not detected in the PCAT3-Basic group (negative control without promoters), PA3-CAT3-Enhancer group or PC1-CAT3-Enhancer group. The transcriptional expression of CAT gene in the PCAT3-Control group (positive control with promoters) and PA1-CAT3-Enhancer group was unchanged compared with the non-L-arginine intervention, while the transcriptional expression of CAT gene in the PA2-CAT3-Enhancer group was significantly enhanced. Conclusions: A1 and A2 domain genes had promoter function and could initiate the transcription and expression of CAT gene, but A3, C1 and C2 domain genes could not. Moreover, L-arginine can significantly enhance transcription and expression of human coagulation factor VIII via A2 domain.
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Células Endoteliales , Factor VIII , Humanos , Factor VIII/genética , Factor VIII/metabolismo , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Arginina/farmacologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: In order to clarify the interaction mechanism, the phenotype and abnormal gene loci of FXI, FXII, and PS were investigated in this study. METHODS: Chinese pedigree with hereditary combined deficiency of coagulation factor (F) XI, FXII, and PS was enrolled in our study. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), partial thromboplastin time (PT), FXI:C, FXII:C, and protein S (PS):C were determined using the one-stage coagulation method. FXI:antigen (Ag), FXII:Ag, and PS:Ag were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Exons and introns of the FXI, FXII, and PS genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gene sequencing results were analyzed using Chromas software. RESULTS: A deletion of two bases located in introns A-149 and-150 within the FXI gene of the proband, his father, wife, and both sons. A missense variant in exon 14 (GGT â AGT, Gly542Ser) within FXII of the proband, his parents, and both sons. Four variants in exon 4 within the PS gene of all members of the pedigree: GTT â GTG (Val46Val), CGC â CTC (Arg49Leu), CGT â CAT (Arg60His), and CAG â TAG (Gln61stop). CONCLUSIONS: None of the pedigree members showed a tendency for bleeding or thrombosis. Therefore, we speculated that the lack of coagulation factors counteracted the lack of PS, restoring the balance between the coagulation and anticoagulation systems. Another possible explanation is that these defects individually have only partial penetrance.
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Background: To uncover advanced prognosis biomarkers in patient with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), our study was the first to make a comprehensive analysis of hsa-mir-21 predicted target genes and explore the immune characteristics in KIRC. Methods: In this study, the comprehensive analysis of hsa-mir-21 predicted target genes and immune characteristics in KIRC were analyzed via TIMER2.0, UALCAN, Metascape, Kaplan-Meier plotter, Human Protein Atlas, CancerSEA, JASPAR, GEPIA, R package: GSVA package (version 1.34.0) & immune infiltration algorithm (ssGSEA) and R package: RMS package (version 6.2-0) & SURVIVAL package (version 3.2-10). Results: Up-transcriptional expressions of RP2, NFIA, SPRY1 were significantly associated with favorable prognosis in KIRC, whereas that of TGFBI was markedly significantly to unfavorable prognosis. Additionally, RP2, NFIA, SPRY1 and TGFBI were significantly relevant to the immune infiltration in KIRC. Finally, ZNF263 was a common predicted transcription factor of RP2, NFIA, SPRY1 and TGFBI, which can as an independent indicator for prognosis in KIRC patients. Conclusions: Hsa-mir-21 predicted target genes (RP2, NFIA, SPRY1 and TGFBI) and the common transcription factor ZNF263 could be the advanced prognosis biomarkers in KIRC patients.
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Carcinoma de Células Renales , Neoplasias Renales , MicroARNs , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Carcinoma de Células Renales/genética , Carcinoma de Células Renales/inmunología , Humanos , Riñón , Neoplasias Renales/genética , Neoplasias Renales/inmunología , MicroARNs/genética , Pronóstico , Factores de TranscripciónRESUMEN
Penile cancer is a rare malignant tumor of the male urinary system. The treatment benefit of standard first-line chemotherapy is not ideal for patients with locally advanced or metastatic lymph nodes. Immunotherapy has brought new treatment strategies and opportunities for patients with penile cancer. At present, clinical studies on immunotherapy for penile cancer have been reported, and the results show that it is effective but not conclusive. With the development of immunotherapy and the progress of molecular research technology, we can better screen the immunotherapy response population and explore new combination treatment regimens to evaluate the best combination regimen and obtain the optimal treatment options, which is also an important research direction for the immunotherapy of penile cancer in the future.
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Background: The effect of pain genes (NAV1, EHMT2, SP1, SLC6A4, COMT, OPRM1, OPRD1, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4) have not been reported previously in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) patients and thus we made a comprehensive analysis of pain genes in the prognosis of KIRC and tumor immunotherapy. Methods: In this study, TCGA, Kaplan-Meier plotter, Metascape, STRING, Human Protein Atlas, Single Cell Expression Atlas database, LinkedOmics, cBioPortal, MethSurv, CancerSEA, COSMIC database and R package (ggplot2, version 3.3.3) were used for comprehensive analysis of pain genes in KIRC. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were for co-expression analysis. Immunotherapy and TISIDB database were used for tumor Immunotherapy. Results: Representative pain genes (SP1, SLC6A4, COMT, OPRD1, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4) were statistically significant (p < 0.0001) in the prognosis of KIRC. Immunotherapy (anti-PD-1 therapy, anti-PD-L1 therapy, and anti-CTLA4 therapy) and immunomodulator (immunoinhibitor, immunostimulator, and MHC molecule) in KIRC were significant associated with pain genes (SP1, SLC6A4, COMT, OPRD1, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4), which were the important addition to clinical decision making for patients. Conclusions: Our study uncovered a mechanism for the effect of pain genes on KIRC outcome via the modulation of associated co-expression gene networks, gene variation, and tumor Immunotherapy.
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BACKGROUND: Lymphatic metastasis is the major challenge in the treatment of penile cancer. The prognosis of individuals with lymphatic metastasis is extremely poor. Therefore, early identification of disease progression and lymphatic metastasis is an urgent task for researchers in penile cancer worldwide. METHODS: In this study, using single-cell RNA sequencing, an immune landscape was established for the cancer ecosystem based on 46,861 cells from six patients with penile cancer (four with lymphatic metastasis [stage IV] and two without lymphatic metastasis [stage I]). Using bulk RNA sequencing, the discrepancy between the cancers and their respective metastatic lymph nodes was depicted based on seven patients with penile cancer. RESULTS: The interaction between epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, and the functional cooperation among invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis were found to be important landscapes in the penile cancer ecosystem, playing important roles in progression of cancer and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to investigate the altered tumor microenvironment heterogeneity of penile cancer as it evolves from non-lymphatic to lymphatic metastasis and provides insights into the mechanisms underlying malignant progression, the premetastatic niche, and lymphatic metastasis in penile cancer.
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Progresión de la Enfermedad , Metástasis Linfática , Neoplasias del Pene , Microambiente Tumoral , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias del Pene/patología , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Análisis de la Célula Individual , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Ganglios Linfáticos/patologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To establish better diagnosis thinking and provide advanced understanding of MSK, the CT imaging features, clinical characteristics, and the expression of suspected genes in the kidney spatiotemporal immune zonation and fetal renal development were investigated. Methods: 17 patients with MSK hospitalized in our hospital were selected as our research subjects. Human Phenotype Ontology, MalaCards: The Human Disease Database, GeneCards: The Human Gene Database, Human Protein Atlas, and Single Cell Expression Atlas were used to analyze this disease. Results: In our 17 patients, the incidence of MSK tended to be the same in male and female, and the onset age of MSK was probably 31-50 years old. The top one related disease of MSK was nephrocalcinosis and the most frequent phenotype related to MSK was nephrolithiasis. In addition, the expression of HNF1B, CLCN5, GDNF, ATP6V0A4, ATP6V1B1, LAMA2, RET, ACAN, and ABCC8 has been implicated in both human kidney immune zonation and fetal kidney development. Conclusions: HNF1B, CLCN5, GDNF, ATP6V0A4, ATP6V1B1, LAMA2, RET, ACAN, and ABCC8 could be independent indicators for the diagnosis and preventive intervention of MSK patients, and abnormal kidney development due to mutations in key genes was the underlying cause of MSK.
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Cálculos Renales , Riñón Esponjoso Medular , ATPasas de Translocación de Protón Vacuolares , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Riñón Esponjoso Medular/complicaciones , Riñón Esponjoso Medular/genética , Riñón Esponjoso Medular/metabolismo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factor Neurotrófico Derivado de la Línea Celular Glial/metabolismo , Expresión Génica , ATPasas de Translocación de Protón Vacuolares/genética , ATPasas de Translocación de Protón Vacuolares/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To uncover novel prognostic and therapeutic targets for BLCA, our study is the first to investigate the role of hsa-mir-183 and its up-regulated predicted target genes in bladder urothelial carcinoma. METHODS: To address this issue, our study explored the roles of hsa-mir-183 predicted target genes in the prognosis of BLCA via UALCAN, Metascape, Kaplan-Meier plotter, Human Protein Atlas, TIMER2.0, cBioPortal and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer databases. RESULTS: High transcriptional expressions of PDCD6, GNG5, PHF6 and MAL2 were markedly relevant to favorable OS in BLCA patients, whereas SLC25A15 and PTDSS1 had opposite expression significance. Additionally, high transcriptional expression of PDCD6, GNG5, PHF6, MAL2, SLC25A15 and PTDSS1 were significantly correlated with BLCA individual cancer stages and molecular subtypes. Furthermore, high mutation rate of PDCD6, MAL2, SLC25A15 and PTDSS1 were observed. Finally, TP53 mutation of PDCD6, GNG5, PHF6, MAL2, SLC25A15 and PTDSS1 has guiding significance for drug selection in BLCA. CONCLUSIONS: PDCD6, GNG5, PHF6, MAL2, SLC25A15 and PTDSS1 could be the advanced independent indicators for prognosis of BLCA patients, and TP53-mutation might be a biomarker for drug option in BLCA patients.
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Carcinoma de Células Transicionales , MicroARNs , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria , Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/genética , Carcinoma de Células Transicionales/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , MicroARNs/genética , Proteínas Proteolipídicas Asociadas a Mielina y Linfocito/genética , Proteínas Proteolipídicas Asociadas a Mielina y Linfocito/metabolismo , Pronóstico , Vejiga Urinaria/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Vejiga Urinaria/patologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Adult chronic immune thrombocytopenia (chronic ITP) is a common autoimmune hemorrhagic disease characterized by decreased platelet production and increased platelet destruction, leading to thrombocytopenia. In this study, Ca2+, calnexin (CNX) and calreticulin (CRT) within platelets from adult patients with chronic ITP were investigated. METHODS: Platelets were isolated from blood specimen collected from 20 adult patients with chronic ITP and 20 healthy volunteers. Ca2+, CNX and CRT were determined by flow cytometry, and the results were analyzed with EXPO32 ADC software. RESULTS: Flow cytometry showed the expressions of Ca2+ (74.19±19.40% vs 22.79±10.47%) was elevated (P<0.05). However, CNX (15.10±7.32% vs 41.79±14.45%) and CRT (25.11±12.66% vs 38.58±12.02%) were decreased markedly in platelets from adult patients with chronic ITP (P<0.05 compared with healthy volunteers). CONCLUSION: Based on enhanced expression of Ca2+ and attenuated expression of CNX and CRT in patients with chronic ITP, Ca2+ concentration and its associated down-regulated proteins may be important regulatory signals in the pathogenesis of chronic ITP.
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Adult chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (cITP) is a chronic and usually life-long haemorrhagic disorder in which enhanced platelet destruction and weakened platelet production lead to thrombocytopenia. Platelets were isolated from blood samples collected from 40 adult patients with cITP and 40 healthy volunteers. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and plasma membrane phosphatidylserine externalization were determined by flow cytometry, and activation of caspase-3 and expressions of Bax, Bak and Bcl-xL were analysed by western blotting. Flow cytometry showed increased mitochondrial depolarization and lower ΔΨm in platelets from adult patients with cITP. In addition, plasma membrane phosphatidylserine externalization was observed on platelets from adult patients with cITP, but rarely from healthy volunteers. Western blot analysis of platelet proteins revealed that, in adult cITP patients, caspase-3 was activated, which cleaved gelsolin and to release a 47-kDa fragment. Moreover, the expressions of Bax and Bak were elevated, and Bcl-xL was decreased markedly in platelets from adult patients with cITP. Our findings reveal, based on loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), phosphatidylserine exposure, caspase-3 activation, enhanced expression of Bax and Bak, and attenuated expression of Bcl-xL, that platelet death in the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia in chronic ITP in adults is apoptotic.
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Apoptosis , Plaquetas/patología , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/patología , Adulto , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Caspasa 3/análisis , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial , Fosfatidilserinas/análisis , Fosfatidilserinas/metabolismo , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/metabolismoRESUMEN
Acute myelomagakaryocytic leukemia is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge owing to its heterogeneity and overlapping features with other types of acute leukemia. In order to build a diagnostic profile, we analyzed the biological, clinical and hematologic characteristics of acute myelomagakaryocytic leukemia. We found that, in three patients diagnosed with acute myelomagakaryocytic leukemia, there were two types of leukemia cells. One type was myeloblastic with positive peroxidase (POX) stainig and the expression of antigens CD13 and CD33. The other type was megakaryoblastic with negative POX staining and the expression of antigens CD36, CD41, CD42a and CD61. Three patients displayed the same cytogenetic abnormality, a (9: 22) translocation. Among the three patients with RT-PCR, two patients displayed BCR-ABL fusion gene amplification and one patient showed a previously undescribed OTT-MAL fusion gene amplification.
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Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Enfermedad Aguda , Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Proteínas de Fusión bcr-abl/genética , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/diagnóstico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Translocación GenéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: In order to evaluate the effect of dyslipidemia on cellular or humoral immunity in patients, changes in the absolute number of lymphocyte subsets were detected. METHODS: Flow cytometry was applied to determine the absolute value of lymphocyte subsets: B cell, NK cell, CD4+ T cell including the functional subset (CD4+CD28+), native subset (CD4+CD45RA+CD62L+), memory T cell subset (CD4+CD45RA-), CD8+ T cell including the functional subset (CD8+CD28+) and activated subsets (CD8+CD38+ and CD8+DR+). The relationship between lymphocyte subsets and hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia was analyzed. RESULTS: The absolute values of CD19+ B cell, CD3+ T cell, CD4+ Th cell, CD4+CD28+ cell, naive CD4+ T cell and memory CD4+ T cell in patients with dyslipidemia were markedly higher than those in healthy controls (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between healthy controls and dyslipidemia patients in other lymphocyte subsets (P>0.05). The absolute values of CD3+ T cell and naive CD4+ T cell were significantly positively correlated with hypercholesterolemia in peripheral blood (r=0.291 and 0.306, respectively, all P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between hypertriglyceridemia and lymphocyte subsets (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Dyslipidemia has potential effects on immune profiles in lymphocytes subsets, and changes in lymphocyte subsets in dyslipidemia patients may lead to immune dysfunction.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the immune profiles in benign prostatic hyperplasia, changes in the absolute number of lymphocyte subsets and the proportion of T lymphocyte subsets were detected. METHODS: Absolute value of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood (T, B and NK cells) and the proportion of T lymphocyte (native CD4+ T cell, memory CD4+ T cell, CD8+CD28+ T cell, CD8+CDDR+ T cells and CD8+CD38+ T cell) were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The absolute values of CD3+ T cell (972.55±330.31 vs 1757.99±439.38), CD4+ T cell (656.43±252.39 vs 899.30±262.10), and CD8+ T cell (301.97±147.76 vs 728.45±230.34) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were significantly reduced (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in NK cell (285.58±182.84 vs 528.92±208.17) and B cell (186.66±86.62 vs 334.17±130.46). The proportion of naive CD4+ T cell (3.75±0.50 vs 8.54±1.61) in T lymphocyte subsets in patients with BPH was significantly reduced (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in memory CD4+ T cell (87.9±6.37 vs 92.63±5.94), CD8+CD28+ T cell (60.52±13.86 vs 64.32±12.78), CD8+CDDR+ T cell (36.58±12.87 vs 31.92±8.54) and CD8+CD38+ T cell (2.1±1.90 vs 2.55±2.01). CONCLUSION: Immune dysfunction raised the risk of viral infection, inflammatory stimulation, and tumor induction in prostate cells, leading to hyperplasia, and immune non-response was potentially a key factor in the transformation of BPH into prostate cancer.