RESUMEN
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common complication after lung transplantation. There is evidence that reactive oxygen species are involved in its pathogenesis. We designed an experimental study to evaluate whether the administration of antioxidants to lung transplantation recipients protects against IRI and early acute rejection (AR). Twenty-five rats received left lung transplants after 6 h of ischemia. Fifty minutes before the reperfusion, groups of five rats received a single dose of desferrioxamine (20 mg/kg), estradiol (25 mg/kg), or melatonin (10 mg/kg). The animals were killed 48 h after surgery and the postoperative outcome, IRI, and AR were evaluated. The frequency of severe injury and of moderate-to-severe edema was higher in animals treated with estradiol than in the control group (P = 0.022 and P = 0.026, respectively). No significant changes in the degree of IRI or AR were observed in the groups treated with desferrioxamine or melatonin. In our study, treatment with the antioxidants melatonin or desferrioxamine before reperfusion had no effects on IRI damage or on AR frequency or severity. However, treatment with estradiol resulted in a worse postoperative outcome and in severe edema. Therefore, despite the antioxidant capacity of estradiol, it is recommended that an evaluation of these adverse effects of estradiol in human lung transplant recipients be performed.
Asunto(s)
Estradiol/toxicidad , Rechazo de Injerto/prevención & control , Lesión Pulmonar/etiología , Trasplante de Pulmón/efectos adversos , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Daño por Reperfusión/etiología , Animales , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Deferoxamina/administración & dosificación , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Estradiol/administración & dosificación , Rechazo de Injerto/etiología , Rechazo de Injerto/metabolismo , Rechazo de Injerto/patología , Supervivencia de Injerto/efectos de los fármacos , Pulmón/irrigación sanguínea , Pulmón/metabolismo , Pulmón/patología , Lesión Pulmonar/metabolismo , Lesión Pulmonar/patología , Masculino , Melatonina/administración & dosificación , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Edema Pulmonar/etiología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Daño por Reperfusión/metabolismo , Daño por Reperfusión/patología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Compensatory hyperhidrosis is an adverse effect of thoracic sympathectomy that can be debilitating, which is why an efficient treatment is demanded. Botulinum toxin is an emerging treatment, not well known yet. We report two cases of compensatory hyperhidrosis following thoracic sympathectomy which were both treated with low doses of botulinum toxin A. The patients, a male and a female, noted a high level of satisfaction with the abolishment of sweating that was maintained up to 10 months. We consider that low doses of botulinum toxin A is a well tolerated, safe and effective treatment for compensatory hyperhidrosis and should be offered as an alternative treatment.