RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Postprandial hyperglycemia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events. Serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) levels are known to be a clinical marker of postprandial hyperglycemia. However, the impact of 1,5-AG level on cardiovascular events has not been fully investigated. METHODS: We enrolled 240 consecutive patients who had undergone first-time elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with follow-up angiography within 1 year. We excluded patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome, advanced chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73 m2), or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c ≥7.0 %). Fasting blood glucose (FBS), HbA1c, and 1,5-AG levels were measured prior to PCI and at the time of follow-up angiography. Clinical events, including target lesion revascularization, target vessel revascularization, and revascularization of new lesions, were evaluated. RESULTS: Subjects were divided into two groups according to clinical outcomes: the Event (+) group (n = 40) and the Event (-) group (n = 200). No significant differences were observed, except for the number of diseased vessels and the prevalence of statin use, in baseline clinical characteristics between the two groups. Serum levels of 1,5-AG at follow-up were significantly lower in the Event (+) group than in the Event (-) group (P = 0.02). A significant reduction in 1,5-AG level from baseline to follow-up was observed in the Event (+) group compared with the Event (-) group (P = 0.04). The association between 1,5-AG levels at follow-up and clinical events remained significant after adjustment for independent variables, including FBS and HbA1c levels (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Low and exacerbated levels of 1,5-AG were associated with cardiovascular events in the present study, indicating that postprandial hyperglycemia is an important risk factor for adverse clinical events even in patients with HbA1c < 7.0 %, following first-time elective PCI.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Reestenosis Coronaria/etiología , Desoxiglucosa/sangre , Hiperglucemia/sangre , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Anciano , Biomarcadores/sangre , Glucemia/metabolismo , Angiografía Coronaria , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Reestenosis Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Reestenosis Coronaria/mortalidad , Reestenosis Coronaria/terapia , Ayuno/sangre , Femenino , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Humanos , Hiperglucemia/complicaciones , Hiperglucemia/diagnóstico , Hiperglucemia/mortalidad , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Retratamiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiovascular events. Cystatin C (CysC) has been proposed as a sensitive marker for CKD. However, the predictive value of CysC for cardiovascular events in CAD patients with preserved estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is unclear. We enrolled 277 consecutive patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention with sirolimus-eluting stents (SES). Patients with an eGFR ≤60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) were excluded. Serum CysC levels were measured immediately before SES implantation. Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) were defined as cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, and hospitalization because of congestive heart failure. After a median follow-up of 63 months, 29 patients had MACCE. The subjects were divided into 2 groups based on median serum CysC levels and eGFR (0.637 mg/L and 72.43 ml/min/1.73 m(2), respectively). Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the high CysC group had a significantly higher occurrence of MACCE than the low CysC group (p = 0.006), although a low level of eGFR was not significantly associated with an increased risk for occurrence of MACCE. Multivariate analysis revealed that serum CysC levels were an independent predictor of MACCE [hazards ratio: 1.30 per 0.1 mg/L (1.01-1.63), p = 0.038]. These data suggested that serum CysC level is an independent predictor of MACCE, even in patients with preserved eGFR after elective SES implantation.
Asunto(s)
Fármacos Cardiovasculares/administración & dosificación , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Cistatina C/sangre , Stents Liberadores de Fármacos , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Riñón/fisiopatología , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/instrumentación , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/sangre , Sirolimus/administración & dosificación , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/etiología , Anciano , Biomarcadores/sangre , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/sangre , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/fisiopatología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiología , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Regulación hacia ArribaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Dietary intake of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3-PUFAs) reduces progression of atherosclerosis and prevents future cardiovascular events. Macrophages are key players in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm. The effects of ω3-PUFAs on abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation and macrophage-mediated inflammation remain unclear. METHODSâANDâRESULTS: The AAA model was developed by angiotensin II infusion in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Mice were supplemented with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The development of AAA lesions and macrophage infiltration in the aorta were analyzed. Gene expression of inflammatory markers in aortic tissues and peritoneal macrophages were measured by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. AAA formation and macrophage infiltration were significantly suppressed after EPA and DHA administration. EPA administration and DHA administration significantly decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, transforming growth factor-ß, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in the aortas. The expression of arginase 2, which is a marker of pro-inflammatory macrophages, was significantly lower and that of Ym1, which is a marker of anti-inflammatory macrophages, and was significantly higher after EPA and DHA administration. The same trends were observed in peritoneal macrophages after EPA and DHA administration. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary intake of EPA and DHA prevented AAA development through the inhibition of aortic and macrophage-mediated inflammation.
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Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/prevención & control , Ácidos Grasos Omega-3/farmacología , Macrófagos Peritoneales/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/patología , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/fisiopatología , Apolipoproteínas E/deficiencia , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Arginasa/genética , Quimiocina CCL2/genética , Inflamación/patología , Inflamación/fisiopatología , Inflamación/prevención & control , Mediadores de Inflamación/antagonistas & inhibidores , Interleucina-6/genética , Transferasas Intramoleculares/genética , Transferasas Intramoleculares/metabolismo , Lípidos/sangre , Lípidos/química , Macrófagos Peritoneales/patología , Macrófagos Peritoneales/fisiología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones NoqueadosRESUMEN
Mid-aortic syndrome (MAS) is a rare vascular disorder that causes refractory hypertension. A 76-year-old woman was hospitalized for acute heart failure (HF) with drug-resistant hypertension; other comorbidities included epigastric artery rupture, old myocardial infarction, an intraventricular thrombus, and a cerebral artery aneurysm. Angiography revealed severe narrowing of the descending aorta, which led to the diagnosis of MAS. Although intensive medical treatment improved her HF, optimal blood pressure (BP) could not be achieved. Percutaneous coronary intervention and surgical bypass for diseased aorta was then performed in two stages, resulting in the achievement of optimal BP and alleviation of HF.
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Hipertensión , Infarto del Miocardio , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Anciano , Aorta , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/complicaciones , SíndromeRESUMEN
A 40-year-old man who was diagnosed with bronchial asthma and eosinophilia was transferred to our hospital due to a worsening respiratory status. He was diagnosed with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), and eosinophilic pneumoniae. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging indicated Löffler endocarditis. Treatment was initiated using intravenous methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and heparin as anticoagulation therapy. Three months later, CMR showed the improvement of the LV myocardium. In this case, the early diagnosis of Löffler endocarditis by CMR could prevent systemic embolism and CMR was useful for assessing the curative effects of steroid and immunosuppressant therapy.
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Endocarditis/diagnóstico por imagen , Endocarditis/etiología , Eosinofilia/complicaciones , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis/complicaciones , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Adulto , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Asma/complicaciones , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapéutico , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Corazón/diagnóstico por imagen , Heparina/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Metilprednisolona/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Objective. We evaluated inflammatory cytokines and chemokine in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with either acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods. We enrolled 20 ACS patients and 50 stable CAD patients without previous history of ACS who underwent cardiac catheterization. Patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≤30 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and C-reactive protein of ≥1.0 mg/dL were excluded. Blood samples were collected from the patients just before catheterization, and PBMCs were isolated from the whole blood. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokine were measured by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoassays. Results. The expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-10, IL-23A, IL-27, and IL-37 was significantly higher in the ACS group than in the CAD group (P < 0.05). In contrast, the expression of IL-33 was significantly lower in the ACS group than in the CAD group (P < 0.05). The ACS patients had higher plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in the ACS group than in the CAD group. Conclusion. Circulating levels of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-23A, IL-27, IL-33, and IL-37, may be associated with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in ACS patients.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) increases the mortality and morbidity of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship between RA and the risk of CVD in the Japanese population remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study comprised 571 RA patients who were admitted to Juntendo University Hospital from January 1990 to December 2000. Cardiovascular events (CVEs) were defined as cardiac death, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), symptomatic stroke, and congestive heart failure. During follow-up (mean 11.7 ± 5.8 years), 7.5% of the patients died from all causes and 11.0% experienced CVEs. The morbidity of stroke and ACS was 3.6 and 2.5 per 1000 person-years, respectively. The mean RA disease duration at enrolment was significantly longer in patients who experienced CVEs than in those who did not experience CVEs (15.0 ± 12.7 years vs. 10. 8 ± 9.7 years; p = 0.01). Physical disabilities due to RA were more severe in patients who experienced CVEs than in those who did not experience CVEs. Patients with a long RA disease duration showed significantly higher event rates (p = 0.033). Cox proportional hazards analysis identified a longer RA duration as an independent risk factor for CVD (hazard ratio 1.57, 95% CI 1.09-2.30, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Japanese RA patients showed a relatively high incidence of CVD, despite the fact that they had few coronary risk factors. The RA disease duration was an independent risk factor for CVEs.