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1.
Epidemiol Infect ; 143(7): 1477-85, 2015 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25195643

RESUMEN

There exists an urgent need to develop iterative risk assessment strategies of zoonotic diseases. The aim of this study is to develop a method of prioritizing 98 zoonoses derived from animal pathogens in Japan and to involve four major groups of stakeholders: researchers, physicians, public health officials, and citizens. We used a combination of risk profiling and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Profiling risk was accomplished with semi-quantitative analysis of existing public health data. AHP data collection was performed by administering questionnaires to the four stakeholder groups. Results showed that researchers and public health officials focused on case fatality as the chief important factor, while physicians and citizens placed more weight on diagnosis and prevention, respectively. Most of the six top-ranked diseases were similar among all stakeholders. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, severe acute respiratory syndrome, and Ebola fever were ranked first, second, and third, respectively.


Asunto(s)
Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Prioridades en Salud , Zoonosis/prevención & control , Animales , Femenino , Fiebre Hemorrágica Ebola/prevención & control , Humanos , Incidencia , Japón , Masculino , Enfermedades por Prión/prevención & control , Salud Pública , Medición de Riesgo , Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave/prevención & control , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
2.
J Wound Care ; 24(7): 319-25, 2015 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26198554

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we evaluated the effect of hip-joint rotation on the interface pressure over the sacrum and greater trochanter with a new protocol for positioning of bedridden elderly patients. METHOD: The interface pressure values over the sacrum and greater trochanter in bedridden patients were evaluated. These were collected in the supine position, 90° lateral position, and 30° and 40° laterally inclined positions with external rotation or neutral positioning of the hip joint. Each interface pressure was assessed with a device measuring pressure distribution, after which, the peak pressure index (PPI) was calculated. RESULTS: In the 17 patients examined, the PPI over the sacrum in the supine position was significantly greater than that in other positions. In the 30° and 40° laterally inclined positions, the PPIs over the greater trochanter were significantly lower in the neutral position of the hip joint compared with those in the external rotation position. CONCLUSION: Our findings revealed the effects of hip-joint rotation on the interface pressure for the greater trochanter, possibly due to the increased distance between the greater trochanter and the sacrum caused by neutral position of the hip joint. The results demonstrate that it is to best place the hip joint in a neutral position when the legs are in contact with the bed in order to distribute the pressure over the greater trochanter in the 30° and 40° laterally inclined positions. These results can be applied to the clinical setting to improve patient positioning and decrease pressure ulcers. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.


Asunto(s)
Articulación de la Cadera , Posicionamiento del Paciente , Úlcera por Presión/prevención & control , Sacro , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Ropa de Cama y Ropa Blanca , Femenino , Articulación de la Cadera/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Masculino , Rotación , Sacro/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
3.
Comput Biol Med ; 182: 109123, 2024 Sep 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39244961

RESUMEN

This paper proposes a system for predicting the effect of electrical defibrillation using spectral feature parameters. The proposed method consists of two-stage prediction. The first stage involves predicting whether electrical defibrillation is "Successful" or "Ineffective." As the next stage, if the proposed prediction system determines "Ineffective," the proposed system discriminates between "VF recurrence" or "Failure" for electrical defibrillation. To develop the prediction system, feature parameters for the target electrocardiograms (ECGs) were first extracted by using the wavelet transform and spectral analysis. Next, effective feature parameters for prediction are selected through an analysis of variance. Moreover, in the preprocessing phase, the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique method and standardization are introduced. Finally, support vector machines with some kernel functions and the regularization method are utilized to predict the three states, i.e., "Successful," "Failure," and "VF recurrence," for electrical defibrillation in two phases. In this paper, we present our analysis method for ECGs and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed prediction system.

4.
J Wound Care ; 21(1): 5-6, 8,10; discussion 10-1, 2012 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22240927

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we develop methods to measure galvanotaxis of fibroblasts and determined the optimum conditions of electrical stimulation. METHOD: An inverted 35mm dish containing cell suspensions (3×105 primary human skin fibroblasts, DMEM, and 10% FBS) was placed on the centre of a 100mm dish. The 35mm dish was removed 24 hours later, and culture medium was added to the 100mm dish. Fibroblasts were randomised (double-blind) into three groups, where electrical stimulation was given at varying intensities: 0UA (control), 50UA, and 100UA. Electrical stimulation (frequency=0.3Hz) was conducted, for a duration of 4 hours, with platinum electrodes in a CO2 incubator. We took pictures immediately before and 20 hours after stimulation. We calculated the migration ratio to the negative pole by dividing the area of attached fibroblasts after stimulation with that before stimulation. RESULTS: The migration ratio to the negative pole was significantly higher in the 100UA group than in the control group (p<0.05). The ratios were 0.902±0.292 in the control group, 1.128±0.253 in the 50UA group, and 1.24±0.300 in the 100UA group. CONCLUSION: This study observed the change in cell proliferation during the initial 24-hour period after plating and was thus able to quantitatively evaluate the migration. The results suggest that a low-intensity direct current promotes migration to the negative pole of human dermal fibroblasts, which is charged with positive electricity. Several clinical reports using the methods in this study showed the microcurrent efficacy for pressure ulcer healing. Electrical stimulation based on our in vitro experiment might be important for the development of physical therapy for pressure ulcers.


Asunto(s)
Movimiento Celular/fisiología , Terapia por Estimulación Eléctrica , Fibroblastos/fisiología , Úlcera por Presión/terapia , Piel/citología , Adulto , Células Cultivadas , Método Doble Ciego , Humanos , Masculino , Distribución Aleatoria
5.
Poult Sci ; 90(7): 1489-95, 2011 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21673164

RESUMEN

Characterization of ferritins from different species has provided insight into iron regulation mechanisms and evolutionary relationships. Here, we examined chicken liver ferritin, which comprises only H subunit and has 14.8 µg of Fe/100 µg of protein. The chicken H subunit apo homopolymer showed the same iron uptake rate as bovine H subunit homopolymer expressed with a baculovirus expression system (0.31 and 0.28 mmol of Fe/min per micromole of protein for chicken and bovine H subunit, respectively). Chicken H subunit apo homopolymer showed a significantly higher biotinylated hemin-binding activity than liver holoferritin. Although bovine spleen apoferritin, which has an L (liver or light):H (heart or heavy) subunit ratio of 1:1, also shows a significantly higher biotinylated hemin-binding activity than its holoferritin, these biotinylated hemin-binding activities were markedly lower than those of both chicken holo- and apoferritins. Binding of chicken holo- and apoferritin with biotinylated hemin was strongly inhibited by hemin but not iron-free hemin, protoporphyrin IX, or Zn-protoporphyrin. These findings demonstrate that chicken ferritin comprises only an H subunit, possesses ferroxidase activity as in mammalian ferritin H subunits, and binds heme more strongly than mammalian ferritins.


Asunto(s)
Pollos/metabolismo , Ferritinas/metabolismo , Hígado/metabolismo , Animales , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida/veterinaria , Hemina/metabolismo , Hierro/metabolismo , Peso Molecular
6.
J Wound Care ; 19(2): 63-8, 2010 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20216490

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of ultrasound irradiation when used alongside standard care in the treatment of pressure ulcers; outcome measures were reduction in wound size and exudate weight. METHOD: Five patients (two male and three female, age range: 76-92 years) with seven ulcers participated in this study. They had National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) stage III or IV pressure ulcers. We conducted an ABABA study (A: standard treatment with dressings that promote a moist wound healing environment; B: ultrasound irradiation administered to the pressure ulcer through the same dressing used in period A; each period lasted 2-4 weeks). Six ulcers each were randomised to either the treatment group or control group. One ulcer was not randomised, but was the first to receive ultrasound in the BABA sequence, with a view to determining if the pilot was feasible. The control group received sham ultrasound in period B. Pulsed ultrasound (20% duty cycle, 0.5W/cm2 on the wound surface, 1MHz or 3MHz, for 10 minutes) was applied five times weekly. RESULTS: In the treatment group, two ulcers markedly decreased in size after 3-4 weeks of US treatment, one ulcer decreased in size soon after initiation of treatment and one ulcer showed no clear reduction in size. The volume of exudate was greater in period B than A in two ulcers that reduced markedly in size after 3-4 weeks of US treatment. None of the ulcers in the control group decreased markedly in size. CONCLUSION: This pilot study suggests that US used alongside standard treatment might promote the healing of pressure ulcers. However, larger studies are required to determine the efficacy and mechanism of US treatment for PUs. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: None.


Asunto(s)
Vendas Hidrocoloidales , Úlcera por Presión/terapia , Terapia por Ultrasonido/métodos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Terapia Combinada , Exudados y Transudados , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Proyectos Piloto , Úlcera por Presión/patología , Cicatrización de Heridas
7.
Transplant Proc ; 40(2): 411-2, 2008 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18374084

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: We have demonstrated a culture bag system that is useful for pancreatic islet transplantation. To improve and simplify islet transplantation procedures from culture to transplantation, we developed a novel device specific for both islet culture and transplantation (TUBERO Device [TD]) using an oxygen-permeable material. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Porcine islets with 30 minutes warm ischemia time were cultured for 24 hours at 37 degrees C in 5% CO2 and humidified air under three different procedures: (1) ordinary culture flask, (2) culture bag suitable for platelets, and (3) TD. Loss of islets during culture, glucose-stimulated insulin release as an islet functional test, and ADP/ATP ratio as an index of islet viability tests were evaluated to compare the devices. TD was further applied in two clinical islet transplantations using non-heart-beating donors in Japan. RESULTS: The loss of islets during culture was considerably lower in the TD group. The stimulation index upon glucose challenge tests was significantly higher in the TD group than the others. The ADP/ATP ratio in TD group was significantly lower than that in the ordinary flask group, suggesting that the apoptotic islets were relatively lower among TD. Most importantly, TD was successfully applied both in the clinical islet cultures and in transplantation, resulting in excellent graft function. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that the TD, a novel product, not only simplifies islet transplantation procedures, but also maintain the quality of isolated islets.


Asunto(s)
Trasplante de Islotes Pancreáticos/métodos , Islotes Pancreáticos/fisiología , Oxígeno , Adenosina Difosfato/metabolismo , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Animales , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Muerte Celular , Supervivencia Celular , Humanos , Insulina/metabolismo , Secreción de Insulina , Islotes Pancreáticos/citología , Islotes Pancreáticos/metabolismo , Trasplante de Islotes Pancreáticos/instrumentación , Cinética , Permeabilidad , Porcinos
8.
Lab Anim ; 42(1): 99-103, 2008 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18348771

RESUMEN

Herpes B virus infection is almost asymptomatic in macaques (Macaca spp.), which are the natural hosts of this pathogen, but is the cause of high mortality in humans. Reactivation of the latent virus in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) results in the shedding of infectious particles into the oral mucosal membrane. Saliva contaminated with the reactivated virus from the ganglia of the natural host is considered to be important for viral transmission to humans and other monkeys. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of the herpes B virus genome in the left and right TG of seropositive asymptomatic cynomolgus macaques. The latent virus genome was detected using a polymerase chain reaction and microplate hybridization assay. We found that the virus DNA was present in one or both TG of 12 of the 30 macaques (40%) tested, with the virus being detected from both TG in five of the 12 macaques and from a single TG in the remaining seven.


Asunto(s)
ADN Viral/aislamiento & purificación , Herpesvirus Cercopitecino 1/aislamiento & purificación , Macaca fascicularis/virología , Ganglio del Trigémino/virología , Animales , Genoma Viral , Enfermedades de los Monos/sangre , Prevalencia
9.
Transplant Proc ; 50(10): 4067-4070, 2018 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30577317

RESUMEN

Elevated panel-reactive antibody (PRA) levels serve as a significant risk factor for allograft survival and episodes of rejection after heart transplantation (HTX). Patients with high PRA levels tend to show expressions of donor-specific human leukocyte antigen antibodies (DSA), which can cause catastrophic hyperacute rejection after HTX. Therefore, such highly sensitized patients are required to undergo strategic perioperative desensitization therapy. We describe a successful HTX after desensitization in a patient with extremely high PRA levels and pretransplant DSA positivity.


Asunto(s)
Desensibilización Inmunológica/métodos , Antígenos HLA/inmunología , Trasplante de Corazón/métodos , Adulto , Anticuerpos , Femenino , Rechazo de Injerto/inmunología , Supervivencia de Injerto/inmunología , Humanos , Trasplante Homólogo
10.
Transbound Emerg Dis ; 65(1): e135-e144, 2018 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28805020

RESUMEN

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection in cattle can result in growth retardation, reduced milk production, reproductive disorders and death. Persistently infected animals are the primary source of infection. In Hokkaido, Japan, all cattle entering shared pastures in summer are vaccinated before movement for disease control. Additionally, these cattle may be tested for BVDV and culled if positive. However, the effectiveness of this control strategy aiming to reduce the number of BVDV-infected animals has not been assessed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various test-and-cull and/or vaccination strategies on BVDV control in dairy farms in two districts of Hokkaido, Nemuro and Hiyama. A stochastic model was developed to compare the different control strategies over a 10-year period. The model was individual-based and simulated disease dynamics both within and between herds. Parameters included in the model were obtained from the literature, the Hokkaido government and the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. Nine different scenarios were compared as follows: no control, test-and-cull strategies based on antigen testing of either calves or only cattle entering common pastures, vaccination of all adult cattle or only cattle entering shared pastures and combinations thereof. The results indicate that current strategies for BVDV control in Hokkaido slightly reduced the number of BVDV-infected animals; however, alternative strategies such as testing all calves and culling any positives or vaccinating all susceptible adult animals dramatically reduced those. To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding the comparison of the effectiveness between the current strategies in Hokkaido and the alternative strategies for BVDV control measures.


Asunto(s)
Diarrea Mucosa Bovina Viral/prevención & control , Virus de la Diarrea Viral Bovina/inmunología , Modelos Teóricos , Vacunación/veterinaria , Animales , Diarrea Mucosa Bovina Viral/epidemiología , Diarrea Mucosa Bovina Viral/transmisión , Diarrea Mucosa Bovina Viral/virología , Bovinos , Industria Lechera , Diarrea/veterinaria , Diarrea/virología , Femenino , Japón/epidemiología , Embarazo
11.
Transplant Proc ; 50(1): 250-258, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29407319

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) gas are both reported to reduce reactive oxygen species and alleviate tissue ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a mixture of H2 gas and CO gas (dual gas) in comparison with hydrogen gas (H2: 2%) alone on I-R renal injury (composition of dual gas; N2: 77.8%; O2: 20.9%; H2: 1.30%; CO: 250 parts per million). METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 250-280 g) were divided into 5 groups: (1) sham operation control, (2) dual gas inhalation (dual treatment) without I-R treatment, (3) I-R renal injury, (4) H2 gas alone inhalation (H2 treatment) with I-R renal injury, and (5) dual treatment with I-R renal injury. I-R renal injury was induced by clamping the left renal artery and vein for 45 minutes followed by reperfusion, and then contralateral nephrectomy was performed 2 weeks later. Renal function was markedly decreased at 24 hours after reperfusion, and thereafter the effects of dual gas were assessed by histologic examination and determination of the superoxide radical, together with functional and molecular analyses. RESULTS: Pathologic examination of the kidney of I-R rats revealed severe renal damage. Importantly, cytoprotective effects of the dual treatment in comparison with H2 treatment and I-R renal injury were observed in terms of superoxide radical scavenging activity and histochemical features. Rats given dual treatment and I-R renal injury showed significant decreases in blood urea nitrogen. Increased expression of several inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, nuclear factor-κB, hypoxia inducible factor-1α, and heme oxygenase-1) was attenuated by the dual treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Dual gas inhalation decreases oxidative stress and markedly improves I-R-induced renal injury.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/farmacología , Monóxido de Carbono/farmacología , Hidrógeno/farmacología , Nefrectomía , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Daño por Reperfusión/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración por Inhalación , Animales , Nitrógeno de la Urea Sanguínea , Citocinas/metabolismo , Quimioterapia Combinada , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/cirugía , Pruebas de Función Renal , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Arteria Renal/cirugía , Daño por Reperfusión/etiología
12.
Structure ; 8(2): 197-208, 2000 Feb 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10673435

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are divided into two classes, I and II. The 10 class I synthetases are considered to have in common the catalytic domain structure based on the Rossmann fold, which is totally different from the class II catalytic domain structure. The class I synthetases are further divided into three subclasses, a, b and c, according to sequence homology. No conserved structural features for tRNA recognition by class I synthetases have been established. RESULTS: We determined the crystal structure of the class Ia methionyl-tRNA synthetase (MetRS) at 2.0 A resolution, using MetRS from an extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus HB8. The T. thermophilus MetRS structure is in full agreement with the biochemical and genetic data from Escherichia coli MetRS. The conserved 'anticodon-binding' residues are spatially clustered on an alpha-helix-bundle domain. The Rossmann-fold and anticodon-binding domains are connected by a beta-alpha-alpha-beta-alpha topology ('SC fold') domain that contains the class I specific KMSKS motif. CONCLUSIONS: The alpha-helix-bundle domain identified in the MetRS structure is the signature of the class Ia enzymes, as it was also identified in the class Ia structures of the isoleucyl- and arginyl-tRNA synthetases. The beta-alpha-alpha-beta-alpha topology domain, which can now be identified in all known structures of the class Ia and Ib synthetases, is likely to dock with the inner side of the L-shaped tRNA, thereby positioning the anticodon stem.


Asunto(s)
Metionina-ARNt Ligasa/química , Proteínas de Unión al ARN/química , Thermus thermophilus/química , Anticodón , Dominio Catalítico , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Metionina-ARNt Ligasa/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Conformación Proteica , Pliegue de Proteína , Proteínas de Unión al ARN/metabolismo
13.
J Parasitol ; 102(2): 293-4, 2016 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26565681

RESUMEN

Baylisascaris potosis causes larva migrans in animals. The present study evaluated the prevalence of B. potosis in captive kinkajous ( Potos flavus ) and the ability of milbemycin to treat natural infections of B. potosis in 2 female wild-caught kinkajous. In 2012, fecal samples were collected from 16 kinkajous in 6 zoological gardens and 29 imported captive kinkajous from 4 pet traders in Japan. Although all samples from zoological gardens were negative, 8 kinkajous from traders were positive for Baylisascaris eggs, at least 4 of which were wild caught in the Republic of Guyana. No associated human illness was reported from any of the facilities. The 2 infected kinkajous received a single oral administration of Milbemycin® A Tablets, which delivers 0.69-0.89 mg/kg milbemycin oxime. Fecal examinations on days 14 and 30 were negative for Baylisascaris eggs. These results demonstrated that milbemycin oxime has possible anthelmintic efficacy against Baylisascaris roundworms in captive kinkajous. We conclude that Baylisascaris infections are highly prevalent in wild-caught kinkajous in Japan and that most of the infected kinkajous were imported from the Republic of Guyana.


Asunto(s)
Animales de Zoológico/parasitología , Infecciones por Ascaridida/veterinaria , Ascaridoidea/aislamiento & purificación , Larva Migrans/veterinaria , Procyonidae/parasitología , Animales , Antinematodos/uso terapéutico , Infecciones por Ascaridida/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Ascaridida/epidemiología , Infecciones por Ascaridida/parasitología , Ascaridoidea/efectos de los fármacos , Heces/parasitología , Femenino , Japón/epidemiología , Larva Migrans/tratamiento farmacológico , Larva Migrans/epidemiología , Larva Migrans/parasitología , Macrólidos/uso terapéutico , Prevalencia
14.
Oncogene ; 35(4): 501-12, 2016 Jan 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25867068

RESUMEN

c-Src is upregulated in various human cancers, suggesting its role in malignant progression. However, the molecular circuits of c-Src oncogenic signaling remain elusive. Here we show that Fer tyrosine kinase oligomer mediates and amplifies Src-induced tumor progression. Previously, we showed that transformation of fibroblasts is promoted by the relocation of c-Src to non-raft membranes. In this study, we identified Fer and ezrin as non-raft c-Src targets. c-Src directly activated Fer by initiating its autophosphorylation, which was further amplified by Fer oligomerization. Fer interacted with active c-Src at focal adhesion membranes and activated Fer-phosphorylated ezrin to induce cell transformation. Fer was also crucial for cell transformation induced by v-Src or epidermal growth-factor receptor activation. Furthermore, Fer activation was required for tumorigenesis and invasiveness in some cancer cells in which c-Src is upregulated. We propose that the Src-Fer axis represents a new therapeutic target for treatment of a subset of human cancers.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Colon/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Proteínas Tirosina Quinasas/metabolismo , Familia-src Quinasas/metabolismo , Animales , Proteína Tirosina Quinasa CSK , Línea Celular Tumoral , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/metabolismo , Proteínas del Citoesqueleto/metabolismo , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Adhesiones Focales/metabolismo , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Fosforilación , Proteínas Tirosina Quinasas/genética , Transducción de Señal , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto , Familia-src Quinasas/genética
15.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 1129(3): 342-4, 1992 Feb 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1536889

RESUMEN

The complete nucleotide sequence of the phosphoprotein (P) gene of the Yamagata-1 strain of a defective subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) virus was determined. Comparison with the P gene of the Edmonston strain of measles virus (MV) revealed 44 differences of which 23 nucleotides substitutions were identical with those revealed between other SSPE viruses and MV (Cattaneo et al. (1989) Virology 173, 415-425). The consensus sequence of the G insertion site was completely conserved, whereas mRNAs with one or three non-templated G residue insertions were found in addition to the mRNA of the exact genome copy. As a result of the frameshift downstream of the site of G insertion, the cysteine-rich V protein was predicted from the one G-inserted mRNA besides the P and C proteins predicted from the genome-copied mRNA.


Asunto(s)
Fosfoproteínas/genética , Virus SSPE/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , ADN/genética , Genes Virales , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mutación , ARN Mensajero/genética , Virus SSPE/genética
16.
Placenta ; 26(1): 99-103, 2005 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15664418

RESUMEN

Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) is a restrictedly expressed enzyme in neural and reproductive tissues, and it is considered to have a significant role in reproduction. In the present study, we investigated the localization of UCH-L1 in placenta of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). UCH-L1 protein was detected in cytotrophoblasts of chorionic plate and villi, and decidual cells of decidua basalis in cynomolgus monkey placenta, and the amount of UCH-L1 protein in whole placenta increased as pregnancy progressed. These results supported that UCH-L1 is necessary for placental and fetal development in primate placenta. This is the first report to demonstrate the presence of UCH-L1 in primate placenta, and the cynomolgus monkey may be a useful model for the study of the functions of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in human pregnancy.


Asunto(s)
Macaca fascicularis/fisiología , Placenta/enzimología , Ubiquitina Tiolesterasa/metabolismo , Animales , Western Blotting , Femenino , Edad Gestacional , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Modelos Animales , Placenta/citología , Embarazo , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/metabolismo , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligasas/metabolismo
17.
Leukemia ; 14(4): 727-34, 2000 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10764162

RESUMEN

To study the cytokine regulation of early stages of human B-lymphopoiesis, we developed a stroma-free two-step culture system. Single human cord blood CD34+CD38- cells were individually cultured by micromanipulation with interleukin (IL)-3, stem cell factor (SCF), fIt3 ligand (FL), IL-6 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). About 10% of the cells formed primary colonies, which were individually tested for myeloid and B-lymphoid potentials by reculturing aliquots of the primary colony cells into secondary myeloid and B-lymphoid cultures. One third of the primary colonies proved capable of differentiation into CD19+IgM+ cells, as well as into myeloid lineage cells. RT-PCR analyses revealed that some cells in the primary culture had already matured to express B cell-specific transcripts. Thus, the combination of IL-3, SCF, FL, IL-6 and G-CSF supported the differentiation of CD34+CD38- lymphohematopoietic progenitors toward B cell lineage in addition to myeloid lineages. Screening of cytokines to identify the minimum requirement of cytokines in the primary culture revealed that IL-3 and SCF were essential and that the addition of FL, and to a lesser extent IL-6 or G-CSF, to the combination of IL3 and SCF remarkably enhanced the primary colony formation and the generation of CD19+ cells in the secondary B-lymphoid culture.


Asunto(s)
Linfocitos B/citología , Sangre Fetal/citología , Hematopoyesis , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/citología , Antígenos CD34/análisis , Biomarcadores , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Linaje de la Célula , Reordenamiento Génico de Cadena Pesada de Linfocito B , Factor Estimulante de Colonias de Granulocitos/farmacología , Hematopoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Cadenas mu de Inmunoglobulina/genética , Recién Nacido , Interleucina-3/farmacología , Interleucina-6/farmacología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesis , ARN Mensajero/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacología , Factor de Células Madre/farmacología , Células del Estroma/citología
18.
Free Radic Res ; 49(10): 1239-48, 2015 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26059740

RESUMEN

Ionizing radiations such as X-ray and γ-ray can directly or indirectly produce clustered or multiple damages in DNA. Previous studies have reported that overexpression of DNA glycosylases in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and human lymphoblast cells caused increased sensitivity to γ-ray and X-ray irradiation. However, the effects and the mechanisms of other radiation, such as low dose rate radiation, heavy-ion beams, or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are still poorly understood. In the present study, we constructed a stable HeLaS3 cell line overexpressing human 8-oxoguanine DNA N-glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) protein. We determined the survival of HeLaS3 and HeLaS3/hOGG1 cells exposed to UV, heavy-ion beams, γ-rays, and H2O2. The results showed that HeLaS3 cells overexpressing hOGG1 were more sensitive to γ-rays, OH(•), and H2O2, but not to UV or heavy-ion beams, than control HeLaS3. We further determined the levels of 8-oxoG foci and of chromosomal double-strand breaks (DSBs) by detecting γ-H2AX foci formation in DNA. The results demonstrated that both γ-rays and H2O2 induced 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) foci formation in HeLaS3 cells. hOGG1-overexpressing cells had increased amounts of γ-H2AX foci and decreased amounts of 8-oxoG foci compared with HeLaS3 control cells. These results suggest that excess hOGG1 removes the oxidatively damaged 8-oxoG in DNA more efficiently and therefore generates more DSBs. Micronucleus formation also supported this conclusion. Low dose-rate γ-ray effects were also investigated. We first found that overexpression of hOGG1 also caused increased sensitivity to low dose rate γ-ray irradiation. The rate of micronucleus formation supported the notion that low dose rate irradiation increased genome instability.


Asunto(s)
Reparación del ADN , Rayos gamma/efectos adversos , Iones Pesados/efectos adversos , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/farmacología , Radical Hidroxilo/efectos adversos , Estrés Oxidativo , Tolerancia a Radiación/genética , Rayos Ultravioleta/efectos adversos , Biomarcadores , Roturas del ADN de Doble Cadena , Daño del ADN , ADN Glicosilasas/genética , ADN Glicosilasas/fisiología , Inducción Enzimática , Guanina/análogos & derivados , Guanina/análisis , Células HeLa , Histonas/análisis , Humanos , Pruebas de Micronúcleos , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/metabolismo , Transfección
19.
Transl Psychiatry ; 5: e577, 2015 Jun 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26057047

RESUMEN

In human genetic studies of schizophrenia, we uncovered copy-number variants in RAPGEF6 and RAPGEF2 genes. To discern the effects of RAPGEF6 deletion in humans, we investigated the behavior and neural functions of a mouse lacking Rapgef6. Rapgef6 deletion resulted in impaired amygdala function measured as reduced fear conditioning and anxiolysis. Hippocampal-dependent spatial memory and prefrontal cortex-dependent working memory tasks were intact. Neural activation measured by cFOS phosphorylation demonstrated a reduction in hippocampal and amygdala activation after fear conditioning, while neural morphology assessment uncovered reduced spine density and primary dendrite number in pyramidal neurons of the CA3 hippocampal region of knockout mice. Electrophysiological analysis showed enhanced long-term potentiation at cortico-amygdala synapses. Rapgef6 deletion mice were most impaired in hippocampal and amygdalar function, brain regions implicated in schizophrenia pathophysiology. The results provide a deeper understanding of the role of the amygdala in schizophrenia and suggest that RAPGEF6 may be a novel therapeutic target in schizophrenia.


Asunto(s)
Amígdala del Cerebelo/fisiopatología , Ansiedad/genética , Condicionamiento Psicológico , Espinas Dendríticas/patología , Miedo , Factores de Intercambio de Guanina Nucleótido/genética , Hipocampo/fisiopatología , Células Piramidales/patología , Esquizofrenia/genética , Animales , Región CA3 Hipocampal/patología , Variaciones en el Número de Copia de ADN , Hipocampo/patología , Potenciación a Largo Plazo/genética , Memoria a Corto Plazo , Ratones , Ratones Noqueados , Fosforilación , Corteza Prefrontal/fisiopatología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-fos/metabolismo , Memoria Espacial
20.
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol ; 49(3): 250-9, 1990 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2335784

RESUMEN

The pathogenesis of progressive spongy degeneration in zitter rats with genetic spongiform encephalopathy was examined histopathologically and biochemically in the context of edematous change in the central nervous system (CNS). Histopathological studies revealed that vacuolation in the CNS of zitter rats progressed with aging and the severity of spongy degeneration was markedly divergent in different areas in the CNS. Edematous change was confirmed by a consistently higher water content in the brain of zitter rats than in that of normal SD/J rats at all ages. Furthermore, a close relationship between spongy degeneration and edematous change in the CNS was demonstrated by regional measurement of specific gravity (SPGR) of brain tissues and quantification of the spongy degeneration by computer-image analysis. The brain regions with lighter SPGR were more severely affected by spongy degeneration. These results suggest that edematous change is related to the pathogenesis of spongy degeneration in the CNS of the zitter rat.


Asunto(s)
Encefalopatías/genética , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Central/patología , Edema/patología , Ratas Endogámicas/genética , Animales , Agua Corporal/metabolismo , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encefalopatías/complicaciones , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Central/etiología , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Ratas , Gravedad Específica , Vacuolas/ultraestructura
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