Pangenome graph layout by Path-Guided Stochastic Gradient Descent.

MOTIVATION: The increasing availability of complete genomes demands for models to study genomic variability within entire populations. Pangenome graphs capture the full genomic similarity and diversity between multiple genomes. In order to understand them, we need to see them. For visualization, we need a human-readable graph layout: a graph embedding in low (e.g. two) dimensional depictions. Due to a pangenome graph's potential excessive size, this is a significant challenge. RESULTS: In response, we introduce a novel graph layout algorithm: the Path-Guided Stochastic Gradient Descent (PG-SGD). PG-SGD uses the genomes, represented in the pangenome graph as paths, as an embedded positional system to sample genomic distances between pairs of nodes. This avoids the quadratic cost seen in previous versions of graph drawing by SGD. We show that our implementation efficiently computes the low-dimensional layouts of gigabase-scale pangenome graphs, unveiling their biological features. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: We integrated PG-SGD in ODGI which is released as free software under the MIT open source license. Source code is available at https://github.com/pangenome/odgi.

Cellular metabolomics study of the antitumor mechanism of Sijunzi decoction combined with mitomycin C.

Mitomycin C (MMC) has an antitumor effect and is considered as a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD), a well-known ancient Chinese prescription, is widely used in the treatment of cancer when combined with chemotherapy drugs. Studies have shown that SJZD can be combined with other drugs to enhance the therapeutic effect against cancer and inhibit the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs, but the specific mechanism is not clear. Thus, we hope to further explore the antitumor mechanism of combined SJZD and MMC. 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry, western blot, 1H NMR and HPLC-MS were used to study the mechanism at the cellular level. The results show that the combined administration can have a more significant effect on inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, promoting their apoptosis. Based on metabolomics, 38 biomarkers were found in the MMC group and 43 biomarkers were found in the combined administration group. Among them, 18 unique biomarkers were discovered in the combined administration group. Studies have shown that the antitumor mechanism of combined administration is related to amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism and nucleotide metabolism, among which amino acid metabolism is the most important. In addition, SJZD achieves the effect of toxin reduction and efficiency enhancement by improving the body's immunity and improving the oxidative stress environment.

The 100 top-cited articles in uveitis from 1950 to 2022.

OBJECTIVES: This bibliometric analysis aimed to clarify research characteristics and trends in research on uveitis by analyzing the top 100 most-cited articles. METHODS: We used the Web of Science database to search articles published in English from January 1, 1950, to February 10, 2022, without other restrictions. The 100 most-cited articles related to uveitis were screened. The publication year, institution, author, journal, country, research topic, and research type of each article were analyzed. RESULTS: The citations of the top 100 articles ranged from 144 to 2292 times. The years 2004 and 2005 included the largest number of articles published, with 17 in total. Most of the papers were published in Ophthalmology (n = 19), a specialized ophthalmology journal. The top 100 articles originated from 14 countries, with the most from the USA (n = 44). Twenty research institutions and 18 authors contributed two or more articles, with the National Eye Institute (USA) (n = 10) and Robert B. Nussenblatt (n = 10) contributing the most. The types of studies were mainly clinical studies (n = 64), focusing on the treatment of uveitis (n = 36). CONCLUSION: This study summarizes and analyzes the research characteristics and trends of uveitis. The contribution of the USA is explained, the past and current treatments of uveitis are emphasized, and the directions of future research are clarified.

Quantitative vessel density analysis of macular and peripapillary areas by optical coherence tomography angiography in adults with primary nephrotic syndrome.

PURPOSE: To compare the microvascular parameters of macular and peripapillary areas in adults with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to evaluate the changes in retinal microvascular in 37 adult patients with PNS and 30 HCs in this study. All subjects underwent OCTA for measuring vascular density (VD), perfusion density (PD), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for measuring central macular thickness (CMT) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. The following clinical data of the PNS group were collected: hemoglobin, platelet, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, creatinine, urea nitrogen, glomerular filtration rate, blood lipid, urinary protein, urine microalbumin, urine microalbumin/creatinine, 24-h urine volume, and 24-h urine protein quantification. The OCTA data were compared between patients with PNS and HCs, and the correlation between the OCTA data and clinical data was analyzed in the PNS group. RESULTS: VD and PD in the macular area of the PNS group were significantly lower than those in the HC group (VD: 17.025 ± 2.229 vs. 18.290 ± 0.721, P = 0.001; PD: 0.417 ± 0.058 vs. 0.450 ± 0.019, P = 0.003). No significant differences in the FAZ area and perioptic disc microvascular parameters were observed between the two groups, and patients in the PNS group showed consistent changes in the left and right eyes. VD and PD in the central macular area were positively correlated with plasma prealbumin level (VD: ρ = 0.541, P = 0.001; PD: ρ = 0.562, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with urinary protein level (VD: ρ = -0.579, P < 0.001; PD: ρ = -0.596, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In adult patients with PNS, the decrease in VD and PD was mainly occurred in the macular area. Partly vascular density of the macular area was positively correlated with plasma prealbumin level and negatively correlated with urinary protein level. OCTA provides a convenient, non-invasive and effective method for evaluating and monitoring retinal microcirculation damage in patients with PNS.

Effect of Sirt3 on retinal pigment epithelial cells in high glucose through Foxo3a/ PINK1-Parkin pathway mediated mitophagy.

Sirt3 is closely associated with mitophagy. This study aimed to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of Sirt3 on mitophagy in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in a high glucose environment. The expression levels of Sirt3, Foxo3a, PINK1, Parkin and LC3B in RPE subjected to high-glucose (HG, 30 mM D-glucose) conditions were detected by RT-PCR and western blotting. Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining was used to detect the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RPE treated with HG. MitoTracker and LysoTracker probes were used to label mitochondria and lysosomes, respectively, to observe the occurrence of autophagy. Sirt3-dependent regulation of mitophagy through the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway was further investigated by virus transfection-mediated Sirt3 overexpression and PINK1 silencing. The effect of Sirt3 overexpression on apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The Sirt3 expression was decreased, the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway was inhibited, intracellular ROS level was increased, and mitophagy was attenuated in RPE under HG condition. Sirt3 overexpression activated the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin signaling pathway and mitophagy, and inhibited cell apoptosis. Silencing PINK1 inhibited the effect of Sirt3 overexpression on mitophagy. In summary, Sirt3 can activate mitophagy through the Foxo3a/PINK1-Parkin pathway and reduce HG-induced apoptosis of RPE. This study provides a new direction to understand the pathogenesis and develop a potential therapeutic target for diabetic retinopathy.

Circ-PRMT5 promotes breast cancer by the miR-509-3p/TCF7L2 axis activating the PI3K/AKT pathway.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy occurring in females. In recent years, emerging evidence has suggested that circular RNAs are involved in the development of multiple cancers. Circ-PRMT5 has recently attracted attention as a tumor-promoting circular RNA. In the present study, we focused on exploring the biological effects of circ-PRMT5 in breast cancer. METHODS: A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression of circ-PRMT5 in breast cancer. In vitro experiments, including cell-counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, flow cytometry and tube formation assays, were performed to test the effects of circ-PRMT5 on the cellular progression of breast cancer. Bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter, radioimmunoprecipitation and RNA-pull down assays were performed to predict the potential microRNAs interacting with circ-PRMT5 and mRNAs that can be targeted by miR-509-3p. RESULTS: Circ-PRMT5 is up-regulated in breast cancer tissues and cells. Importantly, an elevation of circ-PRMT5 indicates a poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Functionally, knockdown of circ-PRMT5 suppresses cell proliferation and angiogenesis and increases cell apoptosis in breast cancer. Mechanistically, we identified that circ-PRMT5 up-regulates TCF7L2 expression by acting as a miR-509-3p sponge. The negative expression correlation between miR-509-3p and circ-PRMT5 or TCF7L2 in clinical tissues was further demonstrated. Rescue assays showed that TCF7L2 overexpression reverses the antitumoral effects of circ-PRMT5 knockdown on breast cancer cell processes. Additionally, we demonstrated that circ-PRMT5 activates the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway by up-regulation of TCF7L2. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our data indicate that the circ-PRMT5/miR-509-3p/TCF7L2 axis can aggravate the malignant character of breast cancer cells by the regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway.

STAT3-induced HLA-F-AS1 promotes cell proliferation and stemness characteristics in triple negative breast cancer cells by upregulating TRABD.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignances and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women globally. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a common subtype of BC. Emerging evidence has indicated the crucial roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the tumorigenesis of TNBC. Our aim was to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA HLA-F antisense RNA 1 (HLA-F-AS1) in TNBC cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry analysis and western blot analysis were used to measure HLA-F-AS1-mediated cellular behaviors in TNBC. Xenograft tumor assay was applied to assess biological function of HLA-F-AS1 in vivo. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull down assay were used to verify the binding ability between molecules. Our findings demonstrated that HLA-F-AS1 expression was significantly upregulated in TNBC tissues and cells, and high level of HLA-F-AS1 indicated the poor prognosis of patients with TNBC. HLA-F-AS1 promoted TNBC progression by facilitating cell proliferation and stemness maintenance and inhibiting cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 stage and apoptosis in vitro as well as inducing tumor growth in vivo. HLA-F-AS1. In addition, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) transcriptionally induced HLA-F-AS1 upregulation in TNBC cells via interacting with HLA-F-AS1 promoter. Moreover, HLA-F-AS1 acted as the molecular sponge of microRNA 541-3p (miR-541-3p) to elevate TRABD (TraB domain containing) expression in TNBC cells. Rescue experiments confirmed that the decrease of cell proliferation and stemness characteristics under silenced HLA-F-AS1 was rescued by TRABD overexpression in TNBC cells. In conclusion, STAT3-induced HLA-F-AS1 facilitates cell proliferation and stemness characteristics in TNBC by miR-541-3p-dependent upregulation of TRABD, which might provide a potential novel direction for the treatment of TNBC.

LINC01234 aggravates cell growth and migration of triple-negative breast cancer by activating the Wnt pathway.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a common cancer with increasing incidence and mortality in female. Increasing studies have revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are novel molecules regulating tumors. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1234 (LINC01234) has been demonstrated to function as an oncogene in several tumors. However, the role of LINC01234 in TNBC remains unelucidated. Herein, RT-qPCR showed that LINC01234 expression was upregulated in both TNBC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, knockdown of LINC01234 suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and promoted apoptosis in TNBC cells. Xenograft mouse models revealed that LINC01234 downregulation inhibited TNBC tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, LINC01234 was transcriptionally elevated by Sp1 transcription factor (SP1) in TNBC cells. Mechanistically, LINC01234 interacted with miR-525-5p and miR-525-5p targeted MEIS2. Rescue assays manifested that MEIS2 overexpression rescued the cellular processes inhibited by silenced LINC01234. Moreover, we validated that LINC01234 regulated the activation of the Wnt pathway through modulating MEIS2 in TNBC cells. In conclusion, LINC01234 aggravated TNBC cell growth, migration, invasion and EMT by modulating the miR-525-5p/MEIS2 axis and activating the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway.

TCF3-activated FAM201A enhances cell proliferation and invasion via miR-186-5p/TNKS1BP1 axis in triple-negative breast cancer.

Increasing evidence shows that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with the development of cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). LncRNA FAM201A has been identified as a key regulator in some cancers. However, its role has not been explored in TNBC. In this work, we investigated the biological role and regulatory mechanism of FAM201A in TNBC. The expression pattern of FAM201A was determined by RT-qPCR analysis. The biological effect of FAM201A on cellular process of TNBC was tested using colony formation, EdU, caspase-3 activity detection, flow cytometry, wound healing, and Transwell assays. ChIP and luciferase reporter assays were performed to verify the interaction between transcription factor 3 (TCF3) and FAM201A. The interaction among FAM201A, microRNA-186-5p (miR-186-5p), and tankyrase 1 binding protein 1 (TNKS1BP1) was evaluated by luciferase reporter and RIP assays. The results showed that FAM201A expression was significantly upregulated in TNBC tissues and cells. Functionally, FAM201A knockdown inhibited TNBC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and accelerated cell apoptosis. In mechanism, it was confirmed that FAM201A was transcriptionally activated by TCF3 and served as a sponge for miR-186-5p to upregulate TNKS1BP1 expression in TNBC cells. Collectively, our study revealed that TCF3-activated FAM201A promoted aggressive phenotypes of TNBC cells by upregulating TNKS1BP1 expression.

[Application of support vector machine-recursive feature elimination algorithm in Raman spectroscopy for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast diseases].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of application of support vector machine-recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) method in Raman spectroscopy for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast diseases. METHODS: Fresh breast tissue samples of 168 patients (all female; ages 22-75) were obtained by routine surgical resection from May 2011 to May 2012 at the Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University. Among them, there were 51 normal tissues, 66 benign and 51 malignant breast lesions. All the specimens were assessed by Raman spectroscopy, and the SVM-RFE algorithm was used to process the data and build the mathematical model. Mahalanobis distance and spectral residuals were used as discriminating criteria to evaluate this data-processing method. RESULTS: 1 800 Raman spectra were acquired from the fresh samples of human breast tissues. Based on spectral profiles, the presence of 1 078, 1 267, 1 301, 1 437, 1 653, and 1 743 cm(-1) peaks were identified in the normal tissues; and 1 281, 1 341, 1 381, 1 417, 1 465, 1 530, and 1 637 cm(-1) peaks were found in the benign and malignant tissues. The main characteristic peaks differentiating benign and malignant lesions were 1 340 and 1 480 cm(-1). The accuracy of SVM-RFE in discriminating normal and malignant lesions was 100.0%, while that in the assessment of benign lesions was 93.0%. CONCLUSIONS: There are distinct differences among the Raman spectra of normal, benign and malignant breast tissues, and SVM-RFE method can be used to build differentiation model of breast lesions.

To explore the mechanism of gypenosides in the treatment of liver injury in rats based on GC-MS metabolomics and bile acid metabolism pathway.

Gynostemma pentaphyllum is a herbaceous vine of Cucurbitaceae family, and its principal pharmacological components, gypenosides (GPs), have been proved to be effective in various liver diseases. However, the mechanisms of GPs on liver injury are still to be studied for further. This investigation utilized the CCl4-induced liver injury rat model (LI) to comprehensively explore the mechanism of action of GPs in the treatment of chemical liver injury by comparing the metabolomic changes in four groups rats. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy of GPs in a liver injury rat model induced by weekly gavage of CCl4 was evaluated by inflammatory factors, oxidative damage indexes, and histopathological sections. Then, GC-MS technology was used to identify the metabolic profile of GPs in treating liver injury. Finally, the content variation of metabolites (BAs and SCFAs) was measured to elucidate the mechanism of GPs in the treatment of CCl4-induced liver injury. After 8 weeks of administration, GPs effectively reduced the degree of LI and appeared a substantial tendency of reversing in the levels of MDA, GSH, CYP7E1, CYP7A1 and CYP27A1. Untargeted metabolomics suggested that GPs may play a role in BAs and SCFAs metabolism. Targeted metabolomics and ELISA confirmed the key role of GPs in increasing SCFAs levels and regulating BAs metabolism. Overall, this study indicated that GPs can alleviate CCl4-induced liver injury. And GPs may exert beneficial effects on LI by affecting their metabolites (SCFAs and BAs).

Association between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index and severe headache or migraine: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: Severe headache or migraine is a neurological disease that seriously affects the quality of human life. Oxidative stress is considered a main factor in the pathogenesis of severe headache or migraine. The Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) is a score calculated using six dietary antioxidant components (including vitamins A, C, E, selenium, zinc, and carotenoid), which represents a person's level of dietary antioxidant ingredients. Based on the theory of oxidative stress, we speculated that CDAIs may be relevant to the risk of severe headache or migraine, as the relationship between the CDAI and severe headache or migraine is unclear. Hence, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the CDAI and severe headache or migraine in participants. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) that were collected from 2001 to 2004. A total of 4,943 participants were included, of whom 1,232 experienced severe headaches or migraines. Participants' CDAIs were calculated based on their intake of six dietary antioxidants. We used logistic regression models, limited cubic spline analysis, and subgroup analysis to assess the association of CDAI with severe headache or migraine. Results: The multivariate logistic regression model (correcting for all potential covariates) revealed that the odds ratio (95% Confidence Interval [CI]) for the association between CDAI and severe headache or migraine was 0.97 (95% CI = 0.95-1.00, p = 0.048). Compared with individuals with low CDAIs in Quartile (Q)1, the adjusted Odds Ratio between the CDAI and severe headache or migraine in Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.84 (95% CI = 0.69-1.01, p = 0.07), 0.77 (95% CI = 0.63-0.96, p = 0.017), and 0.73 (95% CI = 0.56-0.95, p = 0.02), respectively. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed an L-shaped relationship between the CDAI and severe headache or migraine. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that higher CDAI was associated with a lower risk of severe headache or migraine.

Research Progress of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy in Recent 20 Years Based on Visual Bibliometric Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To dynamically track the publications on central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and depict the research status and hot spots to guide future research. METHODS: Gather all papers published in this area between 2004 and 2024 in the WOSCC databases comprehensively, assess their trends, and characterize the contributions of various nations, authors, institutions, and journals. In addition, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R software are used to obtain the most popular keywords for the topic. RESULTS: A total of 2,203 papers were published across 1,863 institutions in 59 countries. Among these, 6,907 authors contributed to publications in 300 journals and generated a total of 35,638 citations. The number of publications continues to grow steadily. Notably, Jay Chhablani's team/Lab stands out as the leading contributor with ownership of 84 publications. Through keyword network analysis and clustering techniques, risk factor-related clustering, imaging-related clustering, pathogenesis-related clustering, and treatment-related clustering were identified. Furthermore, keyword analysis has unveiled emerging frontier areas including pachychoroid disease, choroidal vasculature abnormalities, PDT therapy, and optical coherence tomography that have garnered increasing interest. CONCLUSION: This study presents a comprehensive review of central serous retinopathy research conducted in the past two decades, highlighting key trends and exploring emerging research frontiers within this field. As such, it provides valuable references and suggestions for researchers engaged in studying this topic.

Evaluation of retinal microcirculation by optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with primary membranous nephropathy.

BACKGROUND: Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) patients may experience retinal microvascular changes. However, current diagnostic methods for PMN are not accurate in analyzing these modifications. In the present study, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used for quantitative measurement of microvascular changes in the eyes of PMN patients. METHODS: A total of 26 patients with PMN and 26 healthy control (HC) were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCTA were used to collect retinal thickness (RT) and microvascular parameters in the macula and optic disk in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) of all subjects. Clinical data were collected from the PMN group. The OCT and OCTA data for PMN and HC group were compared, and the correlation between the OCTA and clinical data in the PMN group was determined. RESULTS: Vascular density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) in the macular area of the PMN group were significantly lower than those of the HC group, especially in the temporal quadrant. No significant difference in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), optic disc microvascular parameters, RT, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was observed between the two groups. Correlation was noted between VD and PD in the macular area and clinical indicators, such as serum creatinine, serum urea nitrogen, 24 h urine volume and urinary protein concentration. CONCLUSION: Microvascular alterations in PMN patients occurred before ocular symptoms. The present quantitative study proposed a measurement method for detecting early retinal vascular injury in PMN patients.

Sirt3 Protects Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells From High Glucose-Induced Injury by Promoting Mitophagy Through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 Pathway.

Purpose: The regulation of mitophagy by Sirt3 has rarely been studied in ocular diseases. In the present study, we determined the effects of Sirt3 on AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway-mediated mitophagy in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in a high glucose environment. Methods: The mRNA expression levels of Sirt3, AMPK, mTOR, ULK1, and LC3B in RPE cells under varying glucose conditions were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expressions of Sirt3, mitophagy protein, and AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway-related proteins were detected by Western blotting. Lentivirus (LV) transfection mediated the stable overexpression of Sirt3 in cell lines. The experimental groups were NG (5.5 mM glucose), hypertonic, HG (30 mM glucose), HG + LV-GFP, and HG + LV-Sirt3. Western blotting was performed to detect the expressions of mitophagy proteins and AMPK/mTOR/ULK1-related proteins in a high glucose environment during the overexpression of Sirt3. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in a high glucose environment was measured by DCFH-DA staining. Mitophagy was detected by labeling mitochondria and lysosomes with MitoTracker and LysoTracker probes, respectively. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results: Sirt3 expression was reduced in the high glucose group, inhibiting the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway, with diminished mitophagy and increased intracellular ROS production. The overexpression of Sirt3, increased expression of p-AMPK/AMPK and p-ULK1/ULK1, and decreased expression of p-mTOR/mTOR inhibited cell apoptosis and enhanced mitophagy. Conclusions: Sirt3 protected RPE cells from high glucose-induced injury by activating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway. Translational Relevance: By identifying new targets of action, we aimed to establish effective therapeutic targets for diabetic retinopathy treatment.

[The influence of storage time on content of volatile oil and cineole of Chimonanthus salicifolius].

The vapour distillation was used to extract the volatile oil of Chimonanthus salicifolius with different storage time, determine the content of cineole in volatile oil by GC, to study the influence of storage time on the content of volatile oil and cineole of C. salicifolius. We found that the content of volatile oil in fresh herbs of C. salicifolius was 0.023 0 mL x g(-1), it was decreased to 0.020 0, 0.017 5 mL x g(-1) respectively after storing for 4, 12 months; the GC methodological study of precision, stability and repeatability, RSD < 2%, the average recovery rate was 99.50%, RSD 1.7%; the content of cineole in fresh volatile oil was 54.30%, it was increased to about 62% and remained stably with the time. Therefore, the content of volatile oil and cineole of C. salicifolius can change with the storage time; GC method for the determination of the content of cineole is accurate, reliable, specific and repeatable, it's suitable as a quality control method of C. salicifolius.

The Top 100 Most Cited Manuscripts in Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Bibliometric Analysis.

PURPOSE: To systematically summarize the research trends and emphases of ROP in the past decades by analyzing the characteristics of the top 100 cited ROP articles. METHODS: The 100 most cited articles on ROP published from January 1, 1950 to December 31, 2021 were searched by Web of Science. Information such as year of publication, number of citations, journal and impact factor, type of research and topic, country of origin, institution and authorship of each article was extracted to analyze its characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 15,928 articles were returned. These articles were published in 43 journals between 1952 and 2018, originating from 14 countries. The most widely published journal was Pediatrics (n = 19, IF = 8.109), followed by Archives of Ophthalmology (n = 15, IF = 4.399). The most cited paper (Gole et al. Archives of Ophthalmology 2005 Jul, 1614 citations) reported on the international classification of ROP. The most prevalent topic was the pathophysiology of ROP (n = 39), followed by the treatment of ROP (n = 32). Most were original research (n = 72), mainly based on research design of basic science. The most published articles were published in the United States (n = 61), and the institutions were Oregon Health & Science University, Dept Ophthalmol (n = 7). CONCLUSIONS: These 100 most frequently cited papers reflect the significant progress and several hot topics of ROP in recent decades, and this paper will help us further understand the knowledge and progress of ROP diagnosis and treatment.

Inflammation in the peripheral blood system of Crohn's Disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation of digestive system and has a nickname "green cancer" because of its sustained alternation of periods of flares and remissions. Here, we investigated the inflammation changes in peripheral blood system of CD patients, which are less reported in China. Peripheral blood samples of 167 CD patients and 30 healthy people, as well as their clinical information, were collected at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the ratio of CD4 T cells to CD8 T cells. Cytometric Bead Array kit was used to detect the cytokines in peripheral blood in CD patients. Moreover, the expression of inflammasomes was also detected by RT-PCR. The percentage and cell number of lymphocytes in CD patients' peripheral blood system decreased significantly, while monocytes increased remarkably. Interestingly, there was an inversion of the CD4 T cells/CD8 T cells ratio in peripheral blood of CD patients. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increased significantly in CD patients' peripheral blood, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation aggravate inflammatory response. In addition, the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 1 (NLRP1) and NLRP3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of CD patients increased significantly after LPS stimulation. The inflammation in peripheral blood of CD patients had significant changes, including PBMC, cytokines and inflammasomes. These results are helpful to get a deeper understanding of CD and improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment in China.

Electronic health records in nursing from 2000 to 2020: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: Electronic health records (EHR) is the longitudinal data generated by patients in medical institutions and recorded by electronic medical information systems in the form of digital, which is also the most widespread application of big data in medicine. The purpose of this study was to explore the application of electronic health records in the field of nursing and determine the current research status and hotspots. Methods: A bibliometric analysis of electronic health records in nursing was undertaken from 2000 to 2020. The literature comes from Web of Science Core Collection database. We used CiteSpace (version 5.7 R5; Drexel University), which is a Java-based software that especially visualized collaborative networks and research topics. Results: A total of 2616 publications were included in the study. We found that publications increased year by year. The Journal of American Medical Informatics Association (n = 921) is the most cited. The United States (n = 1,738) has the most publications in this field. University Penn (n = 63) is the institution with the most publications. There is no influential cooperation network among the authors, of which Bates, David W (n = 12) have the largest number of publications. The relevant publications also focus on the fields of health care science and services, and medical informatics. In keywords, EHR, long-term care, mobile application, inpatient falls, and advance care planning has been researching hotspots in recent years. Conclusion: With the popularization of information systems, the publications of EHR in the nursing field have increased year by year. This study provides the basic structure, potential cooperation, and research trends of EHR in the field of nursing from 2000 to 2020, and provides a reference for nurses to effectively use EHR to help clinical work or scientific researchers explore the potential significances of EHR.