Giant epidermoid cyst penetrating the skull: a case report and literature review.

Intracranial epidermoid cyst is a rare pseudotumor of the nervous system, accounting for 0.2%-1.8% of all intracranial tumors. It is usually located in the cerebellopontine Angle or parasellar area, with insipid onset, slow growth and usually less than 2 cm in diameter. Giant epidermoid cysts that invade the bone have rarely been reported in the literature. Herein, we report a case of giant ECs extradural to the parietal bone, penetrating the skull and continuing to expand outward. In addition, a systematic search of four authoritative databases was conducted to collect the relevant reports of giant epidermoid cyst with diameter > 5cm for the first time, and to discuss the clinical and radiographic features of patients with giant epidermoid cyst and the influence of treatment options.

Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Safe and Effective Alternative to Surgical Intervention for Esophageal Hemangioma.

BACKGROUND: Hemangiomas represent 3% of all benign esophageal tumors. Conventional esophagectomy is the standard treatment with its invasive nature and possible surgical complications. Now, less invasive techniques are used with better results. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is one of the novel noninvasive methods used for en bloc removal of tumors. No available data about the use of ESD in removing esophageal hemangioma. Here, we studied the validity and safety of ESD as a minimally invasive procedure to remove esophageal hemangioma. METHODS: Three patients were diagnosed with esophageal hemangioma and underwent ESD with en bloc resection. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was performed before ESD to better evaluate the layer of origin and vascularity and guard against perforation. Patients were followed up postintervention to document possible complications. RESULTS: Among the 3 studied patients, one presented with chronic abdominal pain, the second was complaining of dysphagia, and the third patient was diagnosed accidentally. Pathology reports confirmed the diagnosis of hemangiomas in all cases with no atypia and complete removal of the lesions. No complications were reported during the procedure or over the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: ESD is a proper, minimally invasive method with good en bloc resection that can be used in cases of esophageal hemangiomas.