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1.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci ; 274(3): 595-607, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37318589

RESUMEN

Brain neurons support arousal and cognitive activity in the form of spectral transient bursts and cooperate with the peripheral nervous system to adapt to the surrounding environment. However, the temporal dynamics of brain-heart interactions have not been confirmed, and the mechanism of brain-heart interactions in major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear. This study aimed to provide direct evidence for brain-heart synchronization in temporal dynamics and clarify the mechanism of brain-heart interaction disruption in MDD. Eight-minute resting-state (closed eyes) electroencephalograph and electrocardiogram signals were acquired simultaneously. The Jaccard index (JI) was used to measure the temporal synchronization between cortical theta transient bursts and cardiac cycle activity (diastole and systole) in 90 MDD patients and 44 healthy controls (HCs) at rest. The deviation JI was used to reflect the equilibrium of brain activity between diastole and systole. The results showed that the diastole JI was higher than the systole JI in both the HC and MDD groups; compared to HCs, the deviation JI attenuated at F4, F6, FC2, and FC4 in the MDD patients. The eccentric deviation JI was negatively correlated with the despair factor scores of the HAMD, and after 4 weeks of antidepressant treatment, the eccentric deviation JI was positively correlated with the despair factor scores of the HAMD. It was concluded that brain-heart synchronization existed in the theta band in healthy individuals and that disturbed rhythm modulation of the cardiac cycle on brain transient theta bursts at right frontoparietal sites led to brain-heart interaction disruption in MDD.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Humanos , Encéfalo , Electroencefalografía , Mapeo Encefálico , Nivel de Alerta , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos
2.
Acta Psychiatr Scand ; 148(5): 426-436, 2023 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37681458

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and major depression using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) studies. METHODS: Based on the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of SHBG and major depression in the European population, which included 214,989 female SHBG samples, 185,221 male SHBG samples, and 500,199 major depression samples, we used genetic factors as instrumental variables to conduct two-sample MR analyses. We used methods including inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and MR Egger to evaluate the bidirectional causal relationship between SHBG and major depression. RESULTS: The results showed that there was a causal relationship between female SHBG and major depression, which was positively correlated. The ORs were 1.056 (95% CI: 1.005-1.109, p = 0.031) for the weighted median and 1.067 (95% CI: 1.012-1.126, p = 0.021) for the weighted mode. There was no significant effect of male SHBG on major depression (p > 0.05), and there was no significant effect of major depression on female SHBG (p > 0.05). Major depression was negatively correlated with male SHBG, indicating that major depression could lead to a decrease in male SHBG. The OR was 0.954 (95% CI: 0.916-0.993, p = 0.023) for IVW. CONCLUSION: Female SHBG was positively correlated with the risk of major depression, however, major depression was found to be negatively correlated with serum SHBG levels in men, indicating that SHBG plays distinct roles in patients with major depression of different genders.

3.
BMC Psychiatry ; 23(1): 395, 2023 06 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37270511

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Psychomotor alterations are a common symptom in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The primary motor cortex (M1) plays a vital role in the mechanism of psychomotor alterations. Post-movement beta rebound (PMBR) in the sensorimotor cortex is abnormal in patients with motor abnormalities. However, the changes in M1 beta rebound in patients with MDD remain unclear. This study aimed to primarily explore the relationship between psychomotor alterations and PMBR in MDD. METHODS: One hundred thirty-two subjects were enrolled in the study, comprising 65 healthy controls (HCs) and 67 MDD patients. All participants performed a simple right-hand visuomotor task during MEG scanning. PMBR was measured in the left M1 at the source reconstruction level with the time-frequency analysis method. Retardation factor scores and neurocognitive test performance, including the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), the Making Test Part A (TMT-A), and the Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), were used to measure psychomotor functions. Pearson correlation analyses were used to assess relationships between PMBR and psychomotor alterations in MDD. RESULTS: The MDD group showed worse neurocognitive performance than the HC group in all three neurocognitive tests. The PMBR was diminished in patients with MDD compared to HCs. In a group of MDD patients, the reduced PMBR was negatively correlated with retardation factor scores. Further, there was a positive correlation between the PMBR and DSST scores. PMBR is negatively associated with the TMT-A scores. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that the attenuated PMBR in M1 could illustrate the psychomotor disturbance in MDD, possibly contributing to clinical psychomotor symptoms and deficits of cognitive functions.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Magnetoencefalografía , Humanos , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/complicaciones , Ritmo beta , Movimiento , Desempeño Psicomotor
4.
J Sci Food Agric ; 103(15): 7600-7611, 2023 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37421337

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Properly reduced irrigation combined with nitrogen (N) application can be used to improve crop water use efficiency (WUE) in arid regions, but its effect on sugar beet is unknown at present. A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of N application (N0, 0; N1, 150; N2, 225 kg N ha-1 ) on the canopy production capacity (CPC), yield and WUE of sugar beet under normal irrigation (W1, 70% of field capacity (FC)) and deficit irrigation (DI) (W2, 50% FC) in the early growth stage (EGS). RESULTS: The results showed that the W2 treatment reduced the CPC by reducing gas exchange, leaf area index (LAI) and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of sugar beet leaves compared to the W1 treatment. However, DI combined with N application increased these parameters. Specifically, N application increased the net photosynthetic rate by 40.7% by increased gas exchange, SPAD and LAI compared to the N0 treatment. In addition, N application increased WUE by 12.5% by increasing thickness of upper surface, stomatal aperture and cross-sectional area of petiole. This ultimately led to a significant increase in taproot yield (TY; 19.7%) and sugar yield (SY; 57.6%). Although the TY of the N2 treatment was higher than that of the N1 treatment, the SY and WUE did not increase significantly and the harvest index decreased significantly by 9.3%. CONCLUSION: DI combined with 150 kg N ha-1 in the EGS of sugar beet increases the WUE in arid areas while avoiding yield loss by improving the CPC. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.


Asunto(s)
Beta vulgaris , Nitrógeno , Clorofila , Fotosíntesis , Agua , Riego Agrícola
5.
Acta Neuropsychiatr ; 35(6): 362-371, 2023 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37605898

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Suicide prevention for major depressive disorder (MDD) is a worldwide challenge, especially for suicide attempt (SA). Viewing suicide as a state rather than a lifetime event provided new perspectives on suicide research. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to verify and complement SAs biomarkers of MDD with a recent SA sample. METHODS: This study included 189 participants (60 healthy controls; 47 MDD patients with non-suicide (MDD-NSs), 40 MDD patients with suicide ideation (MDD-SIs) and 42 MDD patients with SA (MDD-SAs)). MDD patients with an acute SA time was determined to be within 1 week since the last SA. SUICIDALITY Part in MINI was applied to evaluate suicidality. Absolute powers in 14 frequency bands were extracted from subject's resting-state electroencephalography data and compared within four groups. The relationship among suicidality, the number of SA and powers in significant frequency bands were investigated. RESULTS: MDD-SIs had increased powers in delta, theta, alpha and beta band on the right frontocentral channels compared to MDD-NSs, while MDD-SAs had decreased powers in delta, beta and gamma bands on widely the right frontocentral and parietooccipital channels compared to MDD-SIs. Beta 1 power was the lowest in MDD-SAs and was modulated by the number of SA. The correlation between suicidality and beta 1 power was negative in MDD-SAs and positive in MDD-SIs. CONCLUSION: Reduced beta 1 (12-15 Hz) power could be essential in promoting suicidal behaviour in MDD. Research on recent SA samples contributes to a better understanding of suicide mechanisms and preventing suicidal behaviour in MDD.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Humanos , Ideación Suicida , Intento de Suicidio , Prevención del Suicidio , Electroencefalografía
6.
BMC Psychiatry ; 22(1): 146, 2022 02 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35209866

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Somatic depression (SD) is different from non-somatic depression (NSD), and insular subregions have been associated with somatic symptoms. However, the pattern of damage in the insular subregions in SD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to use functional connectivity (FC) analyses to explore the bilateral ventral anterior insula (vAI), bilateral dorsal anterior insula (dAI), and bilateral posterior insula (PI) brain circuits in SD patients. METHODS: The study included 28 SD patients, 30 NSD patients, and 30 matched healthy control (HC) subjects. All participants underwent 3.0 T resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. FC analyses were used to explore synchronization between insular subregions and the whole brain in the context of depression with somatic symptoms. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to assess relationships between FC values in brain regions showing significant differences and the total and factor scores on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD17). RESULTS: Compared with the NSD group, the SD group showed significantly decreased FC between the left vAI and the right rectus gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, and right angular gyrus; between the right vAI and the right middle cingulate cortex, right precuneus, and right superior frontal gyrus; between the left dAI and the left fusiform gyrus; and between the right dAI and the left postcentral gyrus. Relative to the NSD group, the SD group exhibited increased FC between the left dAI and the left fusiform gyrus. There were no differences in FC between bilateral PI and any brain regions among the SD, NSD, and HC groups. Within the SD group, FC values between the left vAI and right rectus gyrus were positively correlated with cognitive impairment scores on the HAMD17; FC values between the right vAI and right superior frontal gyrus were positively related to the total scores and cognitive impairment scores on the HAMD17 (p < 0.05, uncorrected). CONCLUSIONS: Aberrant FC between the anterior insula and the frontal and limbic cortices may be one possible mechanism underlying SD.


Asunto(s)
Disfunción Cognitiva , Síntomas sin Explicación Médica , Encéfalo , Depresión , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos
7.
J Neurosci Res ; 99(12): 3250-3260, 2021 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34585763

RESUMEN

The pathological mechanisms of major depressive disorders (MDDs) is associated with the overexpression of negative emotions, and the fast transient-activated patterns underlying overrepresentation in depression still remain to be revealed to date. We hypothesized that the aberrant spatiotemporal attributes of the process of sad expressions are related to the neuropathology of MDD and help to detect the depression severity. We enrolled a total of 96 subjects including 47 patients with MDD and 49 healthy controls (HCs), and recorded their magnetoencephalography data under a sad expression recognition task. A hidden Markov model (HMM) was applied to separate the whole neural activity into several brain states, then to characterize the dynamics. To find the disrupted temporal-spatial characteristics, power estimations and fractional occupancy (FO) of each state were estimated and contrasted between MDDs and HCs. Three states were found over the period of emotional stimuli processing procedure. The early visual stage (0-270 ms) was mainly manifested by state 1, and the emotional information processing stage (270-600 ms) was manifested by state 2, while the state 3 remained a steady proportion across the whole period. MDDs activated statistically more in limbic system during state 2 (p = 0.0045) and less in frontoparietal control network during state 3 (p = 5.38 × 10-5 ) relative to HCs. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores were significantly correlated with the predicted disorder severity using FO values (p = 0.0062, r = 0.3933). Relative to HCs, MDDs perceived the sad contents quickly and spent more time overexpressing the negative emotions. These phenomena indicated MDD patients might easily indulge in negative emotion and neglect other things. Furthermore, temporal descriptors built by HMM could be potential biomarkers for identifying the severity of depression disorders.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Encéfalo , Mapeo Encefálico , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/diagnóstico , Emociones , Expresión Facial , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética
8.
Adicciones ; 0(0): 1342, 2020 Feb 06.
Artículo en Inglés, Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32100045

RESUMEN

Cognitive dysfunction may be a critical aspect of addictive disorders. This study aimed to examine whether individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) have similar neurocognitive dysfunctions and social cognitive impairments as methamphetamine dependence (MD) patients. The participants included 30 individuals with IGD, 30 MD patients and 30 normal controls (NCs). All participants completed the digit span task, Iowa gambling task (IGT), WCST and the Interpersonal Perception Task-15 (IPT-15). The results showed that the IGD and MD groups had lower forwards and backwards scores, choices of advantageous minus disadvantageous decks, mean amount of money earned, number of categories completed, percentage of conceptual level responses, and IPT-15 total and factor scores compared with the NC group. Forwards and backwards scores, number of categories completed, percentage of conceptual level responses, choices from advantageous minus disadvantageous decks and mean amount of money earned were lower in the IGD group than in the MD group. The number of cards chosen from decks A, B, C, and D, total response errors, perseverative errors and failure to maintain set were higher in the IGD and MD groups than in NCs. Total response errors, perseverative errors and failure to maintain set were higher in the IGD than the MD group. The results revealed that neurocognitive deficits and social cognitive dysfunction in IGD are similar to those in MD. From a cognitive perspective, these results supported IGD as an addictive spectrum disorder and might lead to a better assessment of therapeutic efficacy.


Las disfunciones cognitivas pueden ser una parte esencial de trastornos de adicción. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar si las personas con trastorno de juego en Internet (TJI) tienen deficiencias cognitivas y disfunciones sociocognitivas similares a los pacientes con dependencia de la metanfetamina (DM). Los participantes incluyeron 30 personas con TJI, 30 pacientes con DM, y 30 Controles Normales (CN). Todos los participantes completaron la tarea de dígitos, Iowa gambling task (IGT), WCST e Interpersonal Perception Task-15 (IPT-15). Los resultados mostraron que los grupos de TJI y DM obtuvieron puntuaciones más bajas en dígitos directos e inversos, elecciones de barajas favorables menos barajas desfavorables, cuantía media de ganancia monetaria, número de categorías completadas, porcentaje de respuestas a nivel conceptual, y puntuaciones totales y factoriales del IPT-15, comparado con el grupo CN. Las puntuaciones en dígitos directos e inversos, número de categorías completadas, porcentaje de respuestas a nivel conceptual, elecciones de barajas favorables menos barajas desfavorables, y cuantía media de ganancia monetaria eran más bajas en el grupo TJI que en el grupo DM. El número de cartas elegidas de las barajas A, B, C, y D, total de respuestas erróneas, errores perseverativos, e incapacidad para mantenimiento de sets eran más elevados en los grupos TJI y DM que en el grupo CN. El total de respuestas erróneas, errores perseverativos, e incapacidad para mantener los sets eran más elevados en el grupo TJI que en el grupo DM. Los resultados mostraron que las deficiencias neurocognitivas y disfunciones sociocognitivas son similares en los grupos TJI y DM. Desde una perspectiva cognitiva, dichos resultados apoyan la hipótesis del TJI como trastorno del espectro de las adicciones, y podría llevar a una mejor valoración de la eficacia del tratamiento.

9.
Sensors (Basel) ; 17(5)2017 May 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28471406

RESUMEN

Meteorological parameters such as relative humidity have a significant impact on the precision of PM2.5 measurement instruments based on light scattering. Instead of adding meteorological sensors or dehumidification devices used widely in commercial PM2.5 measurement instruments, a novel particle sensor based on multi-angle light scattering and data fusion is proposed to eliminate the effect of meteorological factors. Three photodiodes are employed to collect the scattered light flux at three distinct angles. Weather index is defined as the ratio of scattered light fluxes collected at the 40° and 55° angles, which can be used to distinguish the mass median diameter variation caused by different meteorological parameters. Simulations based on Lorenz-Mie theory and field experiments establish the feasibility of this scheme. Experimental results indicate that mass median diameter has less effect on the photodiode at the 55° angle in comparison with photodiodes at the 40° angle and 140° angle. After correction using the weather index, the photodiode at the 40° angle yielded the best results followed by photodiodes at the 55° angle and the 140° angle.

10.
Sensors (Basel) ; 16(8)2016 Aug 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27527183

RESUMEN

Pressure vessels are widely used in industrial fields, and some of them are safety-critical components in the system-for example, those which contain flammable or explosive material. Therefore, the pressure of these vessels becomes one of the critical measurements for operational management. In the paper, we introduce a new approach to the design of non-intrusive pressure sensors, based on ultrasonic waves. The model of this sensor is built based upon the travel-time change of the critically refracted longitudinal wave (LCR wave) and the reflected longitudinal waves with the pressure. To evaluate the model, experiments are carried out to compare the proposed model with other existing models. The results show that the proposed model can improve the accuracy compared to models based on a single wave.

11.
Acta Neuropsychiatr ; 28(2): 92-100, 2016 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26400106

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to test whether individuals with Internet addiction disorder (IAD) presented analogous characteristics of working memory, executive function and impulsivity compared with pathological gambling (PG) patients. METHODS: The subjects included 23 individuals with IAD, 23 PG patients and 23 controls. All of the participants were measured with the digit span task, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, go/no-go task and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) under the same experimental conditions. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that the false alarm rate, total response errors, perseverative errors, failure to maintain set and BIS-11 scores of both the IAD and PG groups were significantly higher than that of the control group. In addition, the forward scores and backwards scores, percentage of conceptual level responses, number of categories completed and hit rate of the IAD and PG groups were significantly lower than that of the control group. Furthermore, the false alarm rate and BIS-11 scores of the IAD group were significantly higher than those of PG patients, and the hit rate was significantly lower than that of the PG patients. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with IAD and PG patients present deficiencies in working memory, executive dysfunction and impulsivity, and individuals with IAD are more impulsive than PG patients.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Adictiva/psicología , Función Ejecutiva , Juego de Azar/psicología , Conducta Impulsiva , Internet , Memoria a Corto Plazo , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Adulto Joven
12.
Front Oncol ; 14: 1438794, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39035735

RESUMEN

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1114397.].

13.
J Affect Disord ; 351: 843-852, 2024 Apr 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38341154

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The causal relationship between different hypothyroidism subtypes and the risk of major depression (MD) is yet to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine if there's a causal relationship between various hypothyroidism subtypes (and related factors) and the risk of MD. METHODS: This genetic association study utilized a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach to explore the causal relationships between various hypothyroidism subtypes and MD risk. Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) summary statistics were obtained from the FinnGen and the UK Biobank. Instrumental variables (IVs) were chosen based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTS: Among the analyzed hypothyroidism subtypes and related factors, "Hypothyroidism, strict autoimmune" (HTCBSA) and "Hypothyroidism, levothyroxin purchases" (HT/LP) demonstrated a statistically significant positive causal relationship with MD, with odds ratios of 1.020 (95 % CI: 1.004-1.037) and 1.022 (95 % CI: 1.005-1.040), respectively. The sensitivity analysis supported the robustness of these findings, showing no significant horizontal pleiotropy and confirming the stability of results when individual SNPs were removed. "Congenital iodine-deficiency syndrome/hypothyroidism" (CIDS/HT), "Postinfectious hypothyroidism" (PHT), "Hypothyroidism due to medicaments and other exogenous substances" (HDTDM and OES), "Thyroid Stimulating Hormone" (TSH), "Thyrotropin-releasing hormone" (THRH), and "Hypothyroidism, strict autoimmune, 3 medication purchases required" (HTCBSA/3MPR) showed no significant causal relationship with MD. LIMITATIONS: The study population was limited to individuals of European ancestry, and there may be certain genetic differences between different ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS: This MR study suggests a potential causal relationship between certain hypothyroidism subtypes (specifically HTCBSA and HT/LP) and an increased risk of MD.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Hipotiroidismo , Humanos , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/genética , Depresión , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , Análisis de la Aleatorización Mendeliana , Hipotiroidismo/genética , Tiroxina
14.
J Affect Disord ; 347: 45-50, 2024 02 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37992768

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the adverse events (AEs) of Cariprazine based on the FAERS database, providing evidence for its safety surveillance. METHODS: For signal quantification of Cariprazine-related AEs, we used disproportionality analysis including the Ratio of Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-Item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS) algorithms. RESULTS: We selected Cariprazine-related AE reports from the FAERS database from the fourth quarter of 2015 to the first quarter of 2023, and performed a detailed data analysis. Out of a total of 12,278,580 case reports, 3659 were found to be directly related to Cariprazine. We identified 140 Preferred Terms (PT) to describe these AEs, finding that they involved 27 organ systems. Specifically, AEs related to eye disorders such as Cataract cortical, Cataract nuclear, Accommodation disorder, Lenticular opacities, Oculogyric crisis, Dyschromatopsia were not explicitly mentioned in the drug's leaflet, indicating the presence of new ADR signals. CONCLUSION: Analysis of the FAERS database identified AEs associated with Cariprazine, notably in eye disorders not previously documented in the drug's official leaflet. These findings emphasize the need for continuous post-market surveillance and awareness among healthcare professionals regarding potential new ADR signals.


Asunto(s)
Catarata , Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos , Oftalmopatías , Humanos , Estados Unidos , Sistemas de Registro de Reacción Adversa a Medicamentos , Teorema de Bayes , Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos/epidemiología
15.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat ; 20: 863-875, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38645711

RESUMEN

Purpose: Nicotine withdrawal is a multifaceted physiological and psychological process that can induce a spectrum of mood disturbances. Gaining a more nuanced understanding of how pure nicotine withdrawal influences cognitive control functions may provide valuable insights for the enhancement of smoking cessation programs. This study investigated changes in inhibitory control function in smokers after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. Participants and Methods: 28 nicotine dependence (ND) patients and 28 health controls (HCs) completed a smoking-cued Go/No-go task containing two different types of picture stimuli, smoking-cued and neutral picture stimuli. We analyzed the behavioral and ERP data using a mixed model Repeated Measure Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: No-go trials accuracy rate (ACC) at baseline (time 1) was lower in the ND group compared to HCs with smoking-cued stimuli, and No-go trials ACC after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal (time 2) was not lower in the ND group compared to HCs. When confronted with smoking-cued stimuli, the No-go trials ACC was higher in time 2 than in time 1 in the ND group. For the ERP component, the No-go N2 amplitudes in the ND group with smoking-cued stimuli were lower than that of HCs, whereas after 2-hour nicotine withdrawal, the ND group's No-go N2 amplitudes higher than that at time 1, and did not differ from that of HCs. No-go P3 amplitudes were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Evidenced from ERP data, ND patients have an inhibitory control dysfunction in the face of smoking cues, which is mainly manifested in the early stage of response inhibition rather than in the late stage. Two-hour nicotine withdrawal improves inhibitory control dysfunction in ND patients. The No-go N2 component is an important and sensitive neuroelectrophysiological indicator of inhibitory control function in ND patients.

16.
Plants (Basel) ; 13(9)2024 Apr 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38732391

RESUMEN

Tomato leaf disease control in the field of smart agriculture urgently requires attention and reinforcement. This paper proposes a method called LAFANet for image-text retrieval, which integrates image and text information for joint analysis of multimodal data, helping agricultural practitioners to provide more comprehensive and in-depth diagnostic evidence to ensure the quality and yield of tomatoes. First, we focus on six common tomato leaf disease images and text descriptions, creating a Tomato Leaf Disease Image-Text Retrieval Dataset (TLDITRD), introducing image-text retrieval into the field of tomato leaf disease retrieval. Then, utilizing ViT and BERT models, we extract detailed image features and sequences of textual features, incorporating contextual information from image-text pairs. To address errors in image-text retrieval caused by complex backgrounds, we propose Learnable Fusion Attention (LFA) to amplify the fusion of textual and image features, thereby extracting substantial semantic insights from both modalities. To delve further into the semantic connections across various modalities, we propose a False Negative Elimination-Adversarial Negative Selection (FNE-ANS) approach. This method aims to identify adversarial negative instances that specifically target false negatives within the triplet function, thereby imposing constraints on the model. To bolster the model's capacity for generalization and precision, we propose Adversarial Regularization (AR). This approach involves incorporating adversarial perturbations during model training, thereby fortifying its resilience and adaptability to slight variations in input data. Experimental results show that, compared with existing ultramodern models, LAFANet outperformed existing models on TLDITRD dataset, with top1, top5, and top10 reaching 83.3% and 90.0%, and top1, top5, and top10 reaching 80.3%, 93.7%, and 96.3%. LAFANet offers fresh technical backing and algorithmic insights for the retrieval of tomato leaf disease through image-text correlation.

17.
Plant Phenomics ; 6: 0218, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39105185

RESUMEN

Rice leaf diseases have an important impact on modern farming, threatening crop health and yield. Accurate semantic segmentation techniques are crucial for segmenting diseased leaf parts and assisting farmers in disease identification. However, the diversity of rice growing environments and the complexity of leaf diseases pose challenges. To address these issues, this study introduces an innovative semantic segmentation algorithm for rice leaf pests and diseases based on the Transformer architecture AISOA-SSformer. First, it features the sparse global-update perceptron for real-time parameter updating, enhancing model stability and accuracy in learning irregular leaf features. Second, the salient feature attention mechanism is introduced to separate and reorganize features using the spatial reconstruction module (SRM) and channel reconstruction module (CRM), focusing on salient feature extraction and reducing background interference. Additionally, the annealing-integrated sparrow optimization algorithm fine-tunes the sparrow algorithm, gradually reducing the stochastic search amplitude to minimize loss. This enhances the model's adaptability and robustness, particularly against fuzzy edge features. The experimental results show that AISOA-SSformer achieves an 83.1% MIoU, an 80.3% Dice coefficient, and a 76.5% recall on a homemade dataset, with a model size of only 14.71 million parameters. Compared with other popular algorithms, it demonstrates greater accuracy in rice leaf disease segmentation. This method effectively improves segmentation, providing valuable insights for modern plantation management. The data and code used in this study will be open sourced at https://github.com/ZhouGuoXiong/Rice-Leaf-Disease-Segmentation-Dataset-Code.

18.
CNS Neurosci Ther ; 30(8): e14923, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39154365

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The intricate pathophysiological mechanisms of major depressive disorder (MDD) necessitate the development of comprehensive early indicators that reflect the complex interplay of emotional, physical, and cognitive factors. Despite its potential to fulfill these criteria, interoception remains underexplored in MDD. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of interoception in transforming MDD's clinical practices by examining interoception deficits across various MDD stages and analyzing their complex associations with the spectrum of depressive symptoms. METHODS: This study included 431 healthy individuals, 206 subclinical depression individuals, and 483 MDD patients. Depressive symptoms and interoception function were assessed using the PHQ-9 and MAIA-2, respectively. RESULTS: Interoception dysfunction occurred in the preclinical phase of MDD and further impaired in the clinical stage. Antidepressant therapies showed limited efficacy in improving interoception and might damage some dimensions. Interoceptive dimensions might predict depressive symptoms, primarily enhancing negative thinking patterns. The predictive model based on interoception was built with random split verification and demonstrated good discrimination and predictive performance in identifying MDD. CONCLUSIONS: Early alterations in the preclinical stage, multivariate associations with depressive symptoms, and good discrimination and predictive performance highlight the importance of interoception in MDD management, pointing to a paradigm shift in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Interocepción , Humanos , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/psicología , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/fisiopatología , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/tratamiento farmacológico , Interocepción/fisiología , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven
19.
Heliyon ; 10(15): e35715, 2024 Aug 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39170204

RESUMEN

Smoking is by far one of the greatest public health threats and is recognized as an important predisposing factor for osteoporosis. Exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) has been reported to be associated with inflammation-associated diseases through the induction of pyroptosis. Nevertheless, the correlation between pyroptosis and bone loss induced by CS remains uninvestigated. Here, a mouse model of mainstream smoke exposure-induced osteoporosis was established. µCT, biomechanical testing, and immunohistochemical staining of bone tissue were used to assess the deleterious effects of CS on bone metabolism. In vitro, the effects of cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) on mouse primary bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were tested by cell viability assays, gene and protein expression assays, and alizarin red staining. The utilization of the pyroptosis inhibitor MCC950 served to confirm the critical role of BMSCs pyroptosis in CS-induced osteoporosis. Our results indicated that exposure to mainstream smoke led to a notable decrease in the quantity of osteoblasts and hindered the process of osteogenic differentiation in mice. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins in the bone marrow. The inhibitory effects of CSE on cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were found to be dose-dependent in vitro. However, the presence of the pyroptosis inhibitor MCC950 significantly improved the impaired osteogenic differentiation and bone mineralization caused by CSE. These results highlight the crucial involvement of BMSCs pyroptosis in the development of bone loss induced by CS. In summary, the findings of this study provide novel evidence that CS exerts a detrimental effect on the process of osteogenesis in BMSCs through the induction of pyroptosis, ultimately leading to bone loss. Inhibition of pyroptosis effectively attenuated the toxicological effects of CS on BMSCs, providing a new target for preventing inflammatory osteoporosis.

20.
Plant Phenomics ; 6: 0168, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38666226

RESUMEN

Cross-modal retrieval for rice leaf diseases is crucial for prevention, providing agricultural experts with data-driven decision support to address disease threats and safeguard rice production. To overcome the limitations of current crop leaf disease retrieval frameworks, we focused on four common rice leaf diseases and established the first cross-modal rice leaf disease retrieval dataset (CRLDRD). We introduced cross-modal retrieval to the domain of rice leaf disease retrieval and introduced FHTW-Net, a framework for rice leaf disease image-text retrieval. To address the challenge of matching diverse image categories with complex text descriptions during the retrieval process, we initially employed ViT and BERT to extract fine-grained image and text feature sequences enriched with contextual information. Subsequently, two-way mixed self-attention (TMS) was introduced to enhance both image and text feature sequences, with the aim of uncovering important semantic information in both modalities. Then, we developed false-negative elimination-hard negative mining (FNE-HNM) strategy to facilitate in-depth exploration of semantic connections between different modalities. This strategy aids in selecting challenging negative samples for elimination to constrain the model within the triplet loss function. Finally, we introduced warm-up bat algorithm (WBA) for learning rate optimization, which improves the model's convergence speed and accuracy. Experimental results demonstrated that FHTW-Net outperforms state-of-the-art models. In image-to-text retrieval, it achieved R@1, R@5, and R@10 accuracies of 83.5%, 92%, and 94%, respectively, while in text-to-image retrieval, it achieved accuracies of 82.5%, 98%, and 98.5%, respectively. FHTW-Net offers advanced technical support and algorithmic guidance for cross-modal retrieval of rice leaf diseases.

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