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1.
Sensors (Basel) ; 11(8): 7710-23, 2011.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22164040

RESUMEN

The measurement of small displacements on the nanometric scale demands metrological systems of high accuracy and precision. In this context, interferometer-based displacement measurements have become the main tools used for traceable dimensional metrology. The different industrial applications in which small displacement measurements are employed requires the use of online measurements, high speed processes, open architecture control systems, as well as good adaptability to specific process conditions. The main contribution of this work is the development of a smart sensor for large displacement measurement based on phase measurement which achieves high accuracy and resolution, designed to be used with a commercial heterodyne interferometer. The system is based on a low-cost Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) allowing the integration of several functions in a single portable device. This system is optimal for high speed applications where online measurement is needed and the reconfigurability feature allows the addition of different modules for error compensation, as might be required by a specific application.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Interferometría/métodos , Movimiento (Física) , Algoritmos , Computadores , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Internet , Modelos Estadísticos , Óptica y Fotónica , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Programas Informáticos
2.
Sensors (Basel) ; 10(4): 4114-29, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22319345

RESUMEN

Intelligent robotics demands the integration of smart sensors that allow the controller to efficiently measure physical quantities. Industrial manipulator robots require a constant monitoring of several parameters such as motion dynamics, inclination, and vibration. This work presents a novel smart sensor to estimate motion dynamics, inclination, and vibration parameters on industrial manipulator robot links based on two primary sensors: an encoder and a triaxial accelerometer. The proposed smart sensor implements a new methodology based on an oversampling technique, averaging decimation filters, FIR filters, finite differences and linear interpolation to estimate the interest parameters, which are computed online utilizing digital hardware signal processing based on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA).

3.
Sensors (Basel) ; 10(9): 8316-31, 2010.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22163656

RESUMEN

Plant transpiration is considered one of the most important physiological functions because it constitutes the plants evolving adaptation to exchange moisture with a dry atmosphere which can dehydrate or eventually kill the plant. Due to the importance of transpiration, accurate measurement methods are required; therefore, a smart sensor that fuses five primary sensors is proposed which can measure air temperature, leaf temperature, air relative humidity, plant out relative humidity and ambient light. A field programmable gate array based unit is used to perform signal processing algorithms as average decimation and infinite impulse response filters to the primary sensor readings in order to reduce the signal noise and improve its quality. Once the primary sensor readings are filtered, transpiration dynamics such as: transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf-air-temperature-difference and vapor pressure deficit are calculated in real time by the smart sensor. This permits the user to observe different primary and calculated measurements at the same time and the relationship between these which is very useful in precision agriculture in the detection of abnormal conditions. Finally, transpiration related stress conditions can be detected in real time because of the use of online processing and embedded communications capabilities.


Asunto(s)
Agricultura/instrumentación , Transpiración de Plantas/fisiología , Tecnología de Sensores Remotos/instrumentación , Agricultura/métodos , Aire , Conductividad Eléctrica , Humedad , Modelos Biológicos , Hojas de la Planta/metabolismo , Estomas de Plantas/metabolismo , Tecnología de Sensores Remotos/métodos , Procesamiento de Señales Asistido por Computador , Estrés Fisiológico , Temperatura , Termómetros
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