Mycoplasma genitalium Antimicrobial Resistance in Community and Sexual Health Clinic Patients, Auckland, New Zealand.

Our retrospective study compared genotypic antimicrobial resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium-positive specimens collected from 48 community and 33 sexual health clinic (SHC) patients. Macrolide resistance was similar in community (75%) and SHC (76%) patients. We observed no significant difference in fluoroquinolone resistance between community (19%) and SHC (27%) patients (p = 0.66).

A One Health perspective on the use of genotypic methods for antimicrobial resistance prediction.

Antimicrobial resistance is a global One Health concern with critical implications for the health of humans, animals, and the environment. Phenotypic methods of bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing remain the gold standards for the detection of antimicrobial resistance and appropriate patient care; however, genotypic-based methods, such as PCR, whole genome sequencing, and metagenomic sequencing, for detection of genes conferring antimicrobial resistance are increasingly available without inclusion of appropriate standards for quality or interpretation. Misleading test results may lead to inappropriate antimicrobial treatment and, in turn, poor patient outcomes and the potential for increased incidence of antimicrobial resistance. This article explores the current landscape of clinical and methodological aspects of antimicrobial susceptibility testing and genotypic antimicrobial resistance test methods. Additionally, it describes the limitations associated with employing genotypic-based test methods in the management of veterinary patients from a One Health perspective. The companion Currents in One Health by Maddock et al, AJVR, March 2024, addresses current and future needs for veterinary antimicrobial resistance research.

Partial Correlation Between Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Strains from Brazil.

Whole-genome sequencing analyses have provided important data and information on the repertoire of resistance genes in several bacterial species. This study examined to what extent the antimicrobial resistance genes found in a set of whole-genome-sequenced Salmonella Enteritidis strains from Brazil correlated with the phenotypic antimicrobial resistance possibly related to these genes. The genotypic resistance data from the strains studied were compared with publicly available data from strains isolated in other countries. The genotypic resistance profiles were accessed on the NCBI Pathogen Detection website, and the phenotypic resistance profiles were determined by the disk diffusion technique according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Fourteen of the 256 sequenced strains presented antimicrobial resistance genes, with the highest prevalence of resistance genes to aminoglycosides-with 16 genes detected in seven strains-not only in Brazilian strains but also in the strains from other parts of the world. The strongest correlation between phenotypic and genotypic resistance was found for tetracycline (75%). The genotypic and phenotypic profiles of the S. Enteritidis strains studied only partially matched, and they diverged in some antimicrobial classes more strongly than in other classes. The advances on whole-genome sequencing analyses associated with a better understanding of the correlation between phenotypic and genotypic resistance data may improve this powerful tool for antimicrobial resistance prediction.