Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression correlates to tumor staging in tongue squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: The immunohistochemical expression of Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 were analyzed in tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), relating them to the clinical and morphological exhibition of these tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria; clinical data included gender, age, ethnicity and use of licit drugs such as alcohol and tobacco. The TNM staging and histopathological differentiation grading was assessed for each case. In addition, T1 patients were gathered with T2 patients; and T3 patients were gathered with T4 patients to assemble two distinct groups: (T1/T2) and (T3/T4). RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 24 months and 30% of the patients died as a consequence of the disease, while 23.3% lived with the disease and 46.7% lived lesion-free. T1 and T2 tumors showed statistically lesser Ki-67 and Cyclin D1 staining when compared to T3 and T4 tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Ki-67 and Cyclin D1 pose as auxiliary tools when determining the progression of tongue SCC at the time of diagnosis

Biomarcadores de cáncer oral en saliva / Salivary analysis of oral cancer biomarkers

Esta revisión muestra los principales biomarcadores de cáncer oral en saliva. El aspecto clínico y el grado de displasia de las lesiones precancerosas de la cavidad bucal sugieren su capacidad de malignidad; sin embargo, éstas generalmente son diagnosticadas en estadios avanzados, disminuyendo la probabilidad de supervivencia, lo que justifica el diseño de nuevas pruebas diagnósticas que determinen el grado de alteración celular, permitan comprender el proceso degenerativo en el cáncer y establezcan diagnósticos precoz. Esta búsqueda para mejorar los métodos diagnósticos, apunta a que sean sensibles, específicos y menos invasivos, por lo cual el estudio de diferentes biomarcadores en saliva que desde una perspectiva molecular proporcionan información adicional al examen clínico e histopatológico, es considerada como una alternativa eficaz y más cómoda con respecto a los ensayos en sangre. Los biomarcadores que se han descrito en saliva algunos mostrando mayor relación con la carcinogénesis oral son: Ciclina D1, cyfra 21-1, endotelina-1, galectinas 1, 3 y 7, Ki67, lactato deshidrogenasa, metaloproteinasas 2 y 9, proteína p53, proteína de unión a calcio (S100P) y telomerasa (AU)

This review shows the main oral cancer biomarkers in saliva. The clinical appearance and the degree of dysplasia, precancerous lesions of the oral cavity suggests its ability to malignancy, but these are usually diagnosed in advanced stages, decreasing the likelihood of survival, justifying the design of new diagnostic tests to determine the degree of cell alteration as to understand the degenerative process in cancer diagnosis and establish early. This search for improved diagnostic methods, aims to be sensitive, specific and less invasive, so the study of biomarkers in saliva from a molecular perspective provide additional information to clinical and histopathological examination is considered as a more comfortable and effective to establish a diagnosis. Biomarkers that have been described in saliva some showing more related to oral carcinogenesis are cyclin D1, Cyfra 21-1, Endothelin-1, Galectins 1, 3 and 7, Ki67, Lactate dehydrogenase, Metalloproteinases 2 and 9, p53 protein, protein calcium-binding (S100P) and Telomerase (AU)

Recomendaciones para la determinación de biomarcadores en tumores endocrinos gastroenteropancreáticos. Consenso nacional de la Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica y de la Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica / Guidelines for biomarker testing in gastroenteropancreatic endocrine tumours. A national consensus of the Spanish Society of Pathology and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology

La incidencia de los tumores neuroendocrinos en la población caucásica oscila entre 2,5 y 5 casos nuevos anuales por cada 100.000 habitantes. Los tumores neuroendocrinos gastroenteropancreáticos difieren considerablemente entre sí, tanto en su composición hormonal, como en los síndromes que producen, así como en su comportamiento biológico. Esta notable complejidad y heterogeneidad clínica, junto con su conocida dificultad para predecir su comportamiento a partir de características patológicas, han quedado reflejadas en las múltiples clasificaciones que se han realizado a lo largo del tiempo. En este artículo se revisan los principales biomarcadores tisulares y clínicos, y se ofrecen recomendaciones para su uso en la práctica médica. El documento obedece a un consenso fruto de la colaboración entre la Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica (SEOM) y la Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica (SEAP) (AU)

The annual incidence of neuroendocrine tumours in the Caucasian population ran- ges from 2.5 to 5 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours vary considerably in their hormonal composition, the syndromes they cause and their biological behaviour. This high complexity and clinical heterogeneity, together with the well- known difficulty of predicting their behaviour from their pathological features, are reflected in the many classifications that have been formulated over the years. This article reviews the main tissue and clinical biomarkers and makes recommendations for their use in medical prac- tice. This document represents a consensus reached jointly by the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP) (AU)

Tinción dual p16 + ki 67. Un paso más en cuanto a la especificidad de citologías ginecológicas / p16/Ki-67 dual staining. A step forward in the specificity of gynecological cytology

No disponible

Tumores mamarios caninos: estudio de ADN mediante análisis de citometría estática / Canine mammary tumours: A quantitative DNA study using static cytometry

Un análisis del contenido de ADN por citometría estática fue realizado en muestras fijadas en formalina e incluidas en parafina de 56 neoplasias mamarias caninas (23 benignas y 33 malignas). El contenido de ADN se ha correlacionado con el aspecto histológico, la edad y con marcadores inmunohistoquímicos de las neoplasias. Diez tumores benignos (43,47%) y dieciséis malignos (48,48%) fueron aneuploides. La aneuploidía no estuvo relacionada con la edad o con el carácter maligno de los tumores (P<0,05). La expresión de los marcadores receptor de progesterona, MIB-1, CD-31, p53, c-erbB2, y ciclina D1 no mostró diferencias significativas entre los tumores diploides y aneuploides (P<0,05). Los componentes epiteliales y mesenquimales de los tumores mixtos benignos, adenomas complejos y carcinomas en tumores mixtos tienen un contenido de ADN idéntico en 74,0% de los casos lo que sugiere un origen celular común de ambos componentes(AU)

Static cytometric analysis of DNA content was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin wax-embedded samples of 56 canine mammary neoplasms (23 benign and 33 malignant) and histology, patient age and immunohistochemical markers were compared between diploid and aneuploid tumours. 10 benign tumours (43.47%) and 16 malignant (48.48%) were aneuploid. No association was found between age and ploidy (P>0.05). Aneuploidy was not related to age or tumour malignancy (P<0.05). The expression of the following markers: progesterone receptor, MIB-1, CD-31, p53, c-erbB2, and cyclin D1 did not show significant differences between diploid and aneuploid tumours (P<0.05). Epithelial and mesenchymal components of benign mixed tumours, complex adenomas and carcinomas in mixed tumours had an identical DNA content in 74.0% of cases suggesting a common cell origin of both components(AU)

Paraganglioma paravertebral maligno con metástasis óseas, pulmonares y en el sistema nervioso central / Malignant paravertebral paraganglioma with metastases in bone, lung and central nervous system. A case report

Se describe el caso de un varón de 40 años con dolor en hemitórax izquierdo. Inicialmente la neoplasia se extirpó de forma incompleta. Cuatro meses después, el paciente fue reintervenido por recidiva local y presentó metástasis en pulmón, una costilla y el sistema nervioso central. El estudio histopatológico mostró una proliferación celular con patrón de crecimiento zellballen y positividad para cromogranina, sinaptofisina y enolasa neuronal específica. El índice de proliferación (Ki-67) fue superior al 2%. El conjunto de datos confirmó el diagnóstico de paraganglioma maligno(AU)

A 40-year old man presenting with left sided chest pain, initially underwent surgery during which a tumour was partially removed. Four months later, he had a further surgical intervention to remove a local recurrence and metastases were found in the lung, a rib and the central nervous system. The biopsy showed cell proliferation with a zellballen growth pattern and positivity for chromogranin, synaptophysin and neuron-specific enolase. The proliferation index (Ki-67) was higher than 2%. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of malignant paraganglioma(AU)

Can the clinical outcome in stage II colon carcinomas be predicted by determination of molecular marker expression?

BACKGROUND: Conventional staging procedures are often unable to precisely predict prognosis in colon cancer (CC). In this study, we set out to investigate the possible role of molecular/structural indicators involved in cell cycle regulation (Ki-67, p53), apoptosis (p53 and bcl-2) and tumour neoangiogenesis (anti-VIII factor) in predicting tumour behaviour and clinical outcome in stage II CC patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Analysis of the above indicators was performed by immunohistochemistry on 162 CC patient samples with curative intention surgery. Clinicopathological data included tumour grade, vascular and nervous invasion, production of mucin, lymphatic permeation and carcinoembryonic antigen levels. RESULTS: p53 protein was overexpressed in 58%, bcl-2 overexpression in 21.5%, Ki-67 in 60.1% and anti-VIII factor stained positive in 40.16% of the cases. Multiple regression analysis showed that some molecular markers were correlated. A significant relationship was seen between p53 and Ki-67, and bcl-2 and p53, but there was no correlation between bcl2 and Ki- 67 overexpression. Stepwise regression selected Ki-67 and anti-VIII factor as the best combination of variables capable of predicting both disease-specific and diseasefree survival. CONCLUSIONS: Only Ki-67 and anti-VIII factor were shown to be useful for the prediction of outcome and recurrence rate in curatively treated CC patients. In conjunction with clinical and pathological staging, they may provide a stronger indication of clinical outcome than staging alone and help better select therapeutic options in CC patients (AU)