The history of tiered-effectiveness contraceptive counseling and the importance of patient-centered family planning care.

Public health workers, clinicians, and researchers have tried to increase long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) use by changing contraceptive counseling between patients and providers. Several major health organizations now recommend tiered-effectiveness counseling, in which the most effective methods are explained first so that patients can use information about the relative efficacy of contraceptive methods to make an informed choice. Some scholars and practitioners have raised concerns that, given histories of inequitable treatment and coercion in reproductive health care, tiered-effectiveness counseling may undermine patient autonomy and choice. This Clinical Opinion examines the development of tiered-effectiveness contraceptive counseling, how its rise mirrored the focus on promoting LARC to decrease the unintended pregnancy rate, and key considerations and the potential conflicts of a LARC-first model with patient-centered care. Finally, we discuss how reproductive justice and shared decision making can guide efforts to provide patient-centered contraceptive care.

Giving Counsel: Donald Capps' Contributions to Pastoral Counseling.

This article explores some of Donald Capps' contributions to the ministry of pastoral counseling. In particular, several key attributes of pastoral counseling as a ministry of the church are identified and discussed. This is followed by identifying six features necessary for good enough pastoral counseling. A final brief section offers some musings that I wish Capps could respond to.

Edouard Toulouse as a psychiatric counsellor of Paul and Victor Margueritte, brothers and novelists.

A bunch of letters unpublished until to-day and preserved in the collections of the Bibliotheque interuniversitaire de santj in Paris makes it possible to understand the role of Dr. Edouard Toulouse as a psychiatric counsellor among the literary world in Paris, both in vivo and in libris, and this especially concerning the brothers Paul and Victor Margueritte, novelists, essayists and playwrights.

A Spiritual Journey: Influence of Hannelore.

Little do we know as we go along our ordinary daily living that an invitation to listen could so profoundly affect another person's life. The gift of true listening can bring about connections and relationships that last for a lifetime. This reflective article reminds educators to take time to encourage, question, support, and challenge eager neophytes in their classes.

Great aspirations: the postwar American college counseling center.

In the decade after World War II, psychologists, eager to bring the benefits of counseling to larger numbers, convinced hundreds of American colleges and universities to establish counseling centers. Inspired by the educational-vocational counseling center founded by psychologists at the University of Minnesota in 1932, Carl R. Rogers's "client-centered" methods of personal adjustment counseling, and the 400-plus college counseling centers created by the Veterans Administration to provide the educational-vocational counseling benefit promised to returning World War II servicemen under the 1944 GI Bill, these counseling psychologists created a new place to practice where important currents in psychology, higher education, and federal policy converged and where they attempted to integrate educational-vocational counseling with personal adjustment counseling based on techniques from psychotherapy. By the mid-1960s, half of America's colleges and universities had established counseling centers, and more than 90% offered students educational, vocational, and psychological counseling services, a great achievement of the first generation of counseling psychologists.

The politicization of abortion and the evolution of abortion counseling.

The field of abortion counseling originated in the abortion rights movement of the 1970s. During its evolution to the present day, it has faced significant challenges, primarily arising from the increasing politicization and stigmatization of abortion since legalization. Abortion counseling has been affected not only by the imposition of antiabortion statutes, but also by the changing needs of patients who have come of age in a very different era than when this occupation was first developed. One major innovation--head and heart counseling--departs in significant ways from previous conventions of the field and illustrates the complex and changing political meanings of abortion and therefore the challenges to abortion providers in the years following Roe v Wade.

The emergence and evolution of HIV counselling in Zambia: a 25-year history.

HIV-related counselling practices have evolved since emerging in Zambia in 1987. Whereas, initially, the goal of HIV counselling was to provide psychological support to the dying and their families, as knowledge about HIV grew, counselling objectives expanded to include behavioural change, encouraging safer sexual practices, encouraging disclosure, convincing people to test, treatment adherence and shaping HIV-positive people's sexual and reproductive choices. This paper highlights a number of key shifts in counselling practices in Zambia over the last 25 years, demonstrating the relationship between those shifts, changes in medical technology, (inter)national political will and the epidemiological maturity of the disease.

[The history of reorientation therapy]. / A reorientációs terápia története.

Most scientists today agree that sexual orientation is most likely the result of a complex interaction of environmental, cognitive, and biological factors. In past decades in the United States there has been a big discourse as to the necessity and effectiveness of changing same-sex attraction. Researchers disagree on whether same-sex attraction can be changed. Position statements of the major mental health organizations state that there is not enough scientific evidence to support the reorientation therapy. In addition, there is some evidence to indicate that some individuals experienced harm or believed they had been harmed by these interventions. The aim of this article is to give a historic overview of the reorientation therapies, to review the efficacy of the therapies, motivations for seeking therapy, arguments for and against the therapy, and to overview the actual mainstream organizations' statements.

Coping versus grieving in a "death-accepting" society: AIDS-bereaved women living with HIV in Indonesia.

The aim of this study was to understand how AIDS-bereaved women in Indonesia cope in a society where death is believed to be fated. Data analyses were conducted based on the women's interview transcripts and journal entries. Each of the women experienced at least three traumatic life events. The most challenging experience was learning that they have contracted a disease they regarded as associated with prostitution. Given the short lapse of time between their husbands' deaths and learning about their seropositivity, biographical disruption appeared to have acted as an 'analgesic', while concerns to protect their children seemed to have triggered biographical reinforcement. This phenomenon may have brought about a positive bereavement outcome. Specific counselling programmes for women affected by HIV/AIDS are needed, but emphasis should first be placed on improving their wellbeing and their perception of stigma.

The 'Converted Unbelievers': Catholics in Family Planning in French-Speaking Belgium (1947-73).

This paper looks at the journey of eleven counsellors in marital counselling centres in French-speaking Belgium, from the creation of the centres in 1953, to the 1970s, when contraception became legal, and abortion became a public issue. At the time of Humanae Vitae, groups of volunteers, working within Catholic organisations where counselling took place, began to structure their activity around Carl Rogers's ethics of client-centred therapy, placing their religious ideology in a secondary position to focus on the problems experienced by the couples and women they were receiving in the centres. These were often challenges they were experiencing themselves in their own lives. The reiteration of the Catholic orthodox view on contraception through Humanae Vitae marked a gap between the counsellors and the Church. This contribution questions the identity-related tension of Catholics working in conjugal counselling centres and the type of commitments they made to both the conjugal centres and the Church in a moment where family planning was debated both in the Church and politically.

Award for Distinguished Professional Contributions to Institutional Practice: Louise A. Douce.

The APA Awards for Distinguished Professional Contributions to Institutional Practice are intended to recognize outstanding practitioners in institutional settings in psychology. The 2018 award winner is Louise A. Douce, "for her exceptional contributions to and innovation in institutional practice." Her award citation, biography, and a selected bibliography are presented here. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Roger Alan Myers (1930-2015).

Presents an obituary for Roger Alan Myers, who passed away September 13, 2015, in Stuart, Florida, at age 85. Meyers was a long-time national leader of counseling psychology.

Award for Distinguished Contributions of Applications of Psychology to Education and Training: Cindy Lee Juntunen.

The Award for Distinguished Contributions of Applications of Psychology to Education and Training acknowledges psychologists who contribute to new teaching methods or solutions to learning problems through the use of research findings or evidence-based practices. The 2016 recipient is Cindy Lee Juntunen. She is recognized for "her steadfast commitment to the training of future counseling psychologists, for her leadership in key national organizations focused on education and training, and for her contributions to training competencies and practice guidelines within counseling psychology." Juntunen's award citation, biography, and a selected bibliography are presented here. (PsycINFO Database Record

Donald Hugh Blocher (1928-2013).

This article memorializes Donald Hugh Blocher (1928-2013). Blocher, a giant in counseling psychology, was elected a fellow of the American Psychological Association (APA) in 1973, received a Distinguished Achievement Award from Harvard University in 1968, and served as president of APA Division 17 (Society of Counseling Psychology) in 1980. He obtained a Fulbright Lectureship at the University of Keele (United Kingdom) for 1968-1969, where he helped develop a counseling psychology program according to American standards. He also published many books, book chapters, and articles over the course of his professional career.

Ahead of its time: 40 years after the advice versus treatment family study.

Griffith Edwards' proposal for the alcohol 'treatment versus advice' study--also known as 'the family study'--illustrates how ahead of his time he was. The sample consisted of 100 married men who attended with their wives for a comprehensive assessment. Those randomized to 'advice' were told that the responsibility for attaining the goal of abstinence lay in the patient's hands, supported by his wife, that no further intervention was indicated, but that the research social worker would 'keep a watching brief' by visiting the home every 4 weeks for 12 months. Across multiple outcome measures there was no evidence that 'treatment'--considerable in amount by modern standards--was better than advice. Conversely, marital variables such as wives' alcohol-related hardship were significantly predictive of the outcome of the drinking problem. The study was arguably one of the principal sources of the whole 'brief treatments'/'brief interventions' movement which gathered momentum from then on and which, arguably, has itself become the conventional wisdom. The findings questioned the very nature of the addiction change process, suggesting that non-specific factors might be the more important, an issue that still remains unresolved. It is less clear that the study has left such a mark in terms of the development of a family and social model of addiction treatment and change. For example, it continues to be a struggle to help treatment organizations to become more family-inclusive.

Managerial hegemony, cultural change, and the transformation of infant care advice in the United States in the twentieth century.

Ordinary culture is penetrated by ideas, norms, and values about work and consumption that support particular modes of capitalist accumulation. This penetration, or "managerial hegemony," is an aspect of cultural hegemony that pervades not only work and consumption but also "private" spheres of life. This essay focuses on the penetration of managerial ideology into infant care advice. Since the late 19th century, infant care advice has changed with broader shifts in the dominant ideas, values, and norms that control work and consumption. Infant care advice is connected to this changing aspect of culture in four ways. (1) Infant care has been promoted as a means of socialization into the world of production and consumption; (2) infant care instruction has been shaped by notions of women's role in the "workforce" and in the home; (3) infant care has been described and interpreted through metaphors of production and consumption and their associated infrastructures; (4) infant care advice implicitly assumes a particular distribution of expert knowledge. This analysis examines the relation between three eras of infant care advice in the 20th century and the three eras in managerial cultural hegemony.

The first years of a consultation bureau for homosexuality.

The COC's attempt to form a consultation bureau which would supply social aid to homosexuals is presented. The details and problems of forming such a group, including financial matters, type of aid to be supplied, and staffing, are discussed. In conclusion, the total reformation of the bureau in the 1980's is explained. The reformation reflects the change in social tolerance toward homosexuality in The Netherlands.

[Looking back on past decades of vaccinology]. / Visszatekintés a védóoltások évtizedeire.

Author makes a survey upon the progress of vaccinology from the Jennerian times up to the modern vaccines of our ages, particularly as far as Hungary is concerned. Some pictures of the vaccinology to come are dealt with, too, e.g. genetic methods, mucosal immunization etc. Some changes in vaccinology caused by either favourable (polio) or unfavourable (pertussis) impacts and by introduction of new vaccines are described. The activity of the "Clinical vaccination service" (clinical consultation, teaching) is detailed.