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Periodontal disease and preterm birth: results of a pilot intervention study.
Jeffcoat, Marjorie K; Hauth, John C; Geurs, Nico C; Reddy, Michael S; Cliver, Suzanne P; Hodgkins, Pamela M; Goldenberg, Robert L.
Afiliación
  • Jeffcoat MK; University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Dentistry, Birmingham, AL, USA. jeffcoat@dental.upenn.edu
J Periodontol ; 74(8): 1214-8, 2003 Aug.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14514236
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Previous case-control and prospective studies have shown an association between the presence of periodontitis and the risk of preterm birth (PTB). The goal of this pilot trial was to determine the feasibility of conducting a trial to determine whether treatment of periodontitis reduces the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB).

METHODS:

Three hundred sixty-six (366) women with periodontitis between 21 and 25 weeks' gestation were recruited and randomized to one of three treatment groups with stratification on the following two factors 1) previous SPTB at <35 weeks and 2) body mass index <19.8 or bacterial vaginosis as assessed by Gram stain. The treatment groups consisted of 1) dental prophylaxis plus placebo capsule; 2) scaling and root planing (SRP) plus placebo capsule; and 3) SRP plus metronidazole capsule (250 mg t.i.d. for one week). An additional group of 723 pregnant women meeting the same criteria for periodontitis and enrolled in a prospective study served as an untreated reference group.

RESULTS:

The rate of PTB at <35 weeks was 4.9% in the prophylaxis group, compared to 3.3% in the SRP plus metronidazole group and 0.8% in the SRP plus placebo group (P = 0.75 and 0.12, respectively). The rate of PTB at <35 weeks was 6.3% in the reference group.

CONCLUSIONS:

This trial indicates that performing SRP in pregnant women with periodontitis may reduce PTB in this population. Adjunctive metronidazole therapy did not improve pregnancy outcome. Larger trials will be needed to achieve statistical significance, especially at less than 35 weeks gestational age.
Asunto(s)
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Bases de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Periodontitis / Trabajo de Parto Prematuro / Metronidazol / Antiinfecciosos Tipo de estudio: Clinical_trials / Etiology_studies / Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Adult / Female / Humans / Newborn / Pregnancy Idioma: En Revista: J Periodontol Año: 2003 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos
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Bases de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Periodontitis / Trabajo de Parto Prematuro / Metronidazol / Antiinfecciosos Tipo de estudio: Clinical_trials / Etiology_studies / Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies Límite: Adult / Female / Humans / Newborn / Pregnancy Idioma: En Revista: J Periodontol Año: 2003 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Estados Unidos