Effects of a 2-y dietary weight-loss intervention on cholesterol metabolism in moderately obese men.
Am J Clin Nutr
; 94(5): 1189-95, 2011 Nov.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-21940598
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Long-term dietary weight loss results in complex metabolic changes. However, its effect on cholesterol metabolism in obese subjects is still unclear.OBJECTIVE:
We assessed the effects of 2 y of weight loss achieved with various diet regimens on phytosterols (markers of intestinal cholesterol absorption), lanosterol (marker of de novo cholesterol synthesis), and changes in apolipoprotein concentrations.DESIGN:
We conducted the 2-y Dietary Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial (DIRECT-a study of low-fat, Mediterranean, and low-carbohydrate diets). We assessed circulating phytosterol and lanosterol concentrations and their ratios to cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-I and B-100 in 90 DIRECT participants at 0, 6, and 24 mo.RESULTS:
We observed a significant upregulation of the markers of cholesterol absorption (campesterol +16.8%, P < 0.001) and a downregulation of the markers of cholesterol synthesis (lanosterol -16.5%, P = 0.008) during the active weight-loss phase (first 6 mo, weight loss of 5%, 6%, and 10% in the 3 diet groups, respectively), followed by a rebound (campesterol -6.2%, P = 0.045; lanosterol +43.7%, P < 0.001) during the next 18 mo (weight gain of 1%, 1%, and 2% in the 3 diet groups, respectively). HDL cholesterol continuously increased during the study (17.0%, P < 0.001), whereas LDL cholesterol remained constant. At the end of the 24-mo follow-up period, campesterol (P < 0.001) and lanosterol (P = 0.016) amounts were significantly higher than baseline values. The concentration of apolipoprotein B-100 correlated with cholesterol metabolism (ρ = 0.299 and P = 0.020 for lanosterol; ρ = -0.105 and NS for campesterol), and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance correlated with lanosterol (ρ = 0.09, P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONS:
Long-term weight loss is related to a characteristic response suggestive of altered cholesterol and apolipoprotein metabolism. Various diets have a similar effect on these effects. DIRECT is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00160108.
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Pérdida de Peso
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Colesterol
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Dieta Reductora
/
Obesidad
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
/
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Adult
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Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Clin Nutr
Año:
2011
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Suiza