Dynamic adaptation of liver mitochondria to chronic alcohol feeding in mice: biogenesis, remodeling, and functional alterations.
J Biol Chem
; 287(50): 42165-79, 2012 Dec 07.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23086958
ABSTRACT
Liver mitochondria undergo dynamic alterations following chronic alcohol feeding to mice. Intragastric alcohol feeding to mice resulted in 1) increased state III respiration (109% compared with control) in isolated liver mitochondria, probably due to increased levels of complexes I, IV, and V being incorporated into the respiratory chain; 2) increased mitochondrial NAD(+) and NADH levels (â¼2-fold), with no change in the redox status; 3) alteration in mitochondrial morphology, with increased numbers of elongated mitochondria; and 4) enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis in the liver, which corresponded with an up-regulation of PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α). Oral alcohol feeding to mice, which is associated with less liver injury and steatosis, slightly enhanced respiration in isolated liver mitochondria (30.8% compared with control), lower than the striking increase caused by intragastric alcohol feeding. Mitochondrial respiration increased with both oral and intragastric alcohol feeding despite extensive N-acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. The alcohol-induced mitochondrial alterations are probably an adaptive response to enhance alcohol metabolism in the liver. Isolated liver mitochondria from alcohol-treated mice had a greater rate of acetaldehyde metabolism and respiration when treated with acetaldehyde than control. Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 levels were unaltered in response to alcohol, suggesting that the greater acetaldehyde metabolism by isolated mitochondria from alcohol-treated mice was due to increased mitochondrial respiration that regenerated NAD(+), the rate-limiting substrate in alcohol/acetaldehyde metabolism. Overall, our work suggests that mitochondrial plasticity in the liver may be an important adaptive response to the metabolic stress caused by alcohol intake and could potentially play a role in many other vital functions performed by the liver.
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1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas
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Mitocondrias Hepáticas
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Adaptación Fisiológica
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Depresores del Sistema Nervioso Central
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Etanol
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Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Biol Chem
Año:
2012
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos